Fluvalinate
CAS No. 69409-94-5
 
 

Return to Fluvalinate Adverse Effects

ACTIVITY: Acaricide; Insecticide (pyrethroid)

See also: Tau-fluvalinate

CAS NAME: cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl N-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-DL-valinate

NOTES: One subset of isomers of this substance has its own ISO common name; see tau-fluvalinate.

Structure:

Adverse Effects:

Anemia
Blood
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Brain
Dermal
Endocrine: Spermatogenesis
Endocrine Disruptor: Suspected

Environmental Effects:

Very highly toxic to Crustaceans and Fish

Highly toxic to Zooplankton

Regulatory Information
(only comprehensive for the US)
US EPA Registered: Yes 
US EPA PC Code: 109302 
US Tolerances: CFR 180.427
CFR 186.3400
 
FDA LMS Code: 297 
US EPA Permit Date
and Registrant:
1983, Zoecon Corp. 
Registered use in
(includes only a limited list of countries)

Canada, Japan, NZ, US 

Japan's Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs)

Partial list: Apple, Apricot, Barley, Buckwheat, Cabbage, Carrot, Cauliflower, Cherry, Chestnut, Cucumber, Egg Plant, Garlic, Grape, Grapefruit, Hop, Kiwifruit, Lemon, Lettuce, Lime, Nectarine, Onion, Orange, Peach, Pear, Peas, Potato, Rice, Rye, Strawberry, Tea, Tomato, Yam  

--Note high levels - 10 ppm - for Tea (Green, Black, Oolong, Wulung)

US Maximum Residue Levels permitted in food commodities

Honey

-- Note that several food tolerances were cancelled between 2002 and 2003

Other Information
Molecular Formula: C26H22Cl F3 N2O3  
Manufacturers: BAYER Corp.
Sandoz Agro
 
Other Names:

Klartan
Mavrik
Mavrik Aqua Flow
Spur
Yardex
NISSO MAVRIC JET
 

Manufacture site:

US:
Bayer / Sandoz Inc, Beaumont, Texas 77705 

Of special interest:
PAN BAD ACTOR - Developmental Toxin 
2005 - Schedule for Reregistration & Tolerance Reassessment (RED) is expected to be May 2006. Contact at EPA: Kylie Rothwell (703) 308-8055; rothwell.kylie@epa.gov . According to EPA:
Through the pesticide reregistration and tolerance reassessment programs, EPA is assessing risks and making risk management decisions for older pesticides. These decisions are summarized in documents known as REDs, IREDs, and TREDs. By making decisions according to the schedule below, EPA will meet its statutory deadlines for completing reregistration and tolerance reassessment.
Some of the decision dates presented in the schedule may change due to the dynamic nature of the review process. Any pesticide decisions that are not completed during the current fiscal year will be rescheduled for the following year. EPA is committed to meeting its reregistration and tolerance reassessment deadlines.
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/decision_schedule.htm
TOXNET profile from Hazardous Substances Data Bank
Identified in the State of California as "Known to Cause Developmental Toxicity" - Prop 65 
2002 - NIPON SODA ANNUAL REPORT 2002 - cites the following organofluorine pesticides and their product names: Chlorfenapyr * Fluacrypyrim * Fluazinam * Fluvalinate * Triflumizole 
September 2001. Draft Toxicological Profile for Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids. Organofluorine pyrethroids discussed in the Profile: Bifenthrin (Type 1), Cyfluthrin (Type 2), Cyhalothrin (Type 2), Flucythrinate (Type 2), Flumethrin (Type 2), Fluvalinate (Type 2), Tefluthrin (Type 1). US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.  
June 14, 2001 - Implementation of the Community Strategy for Endocrine Disruptors Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels COM (2001) 262 final. 
Pesticide Information Profile - Cornell University Extoxnet.
April 2000 - Food and Drug Administration Pesticide Residue Monitoring. - Table 3. Pesticides detectable by methods used in 1999 regulatory monitoring.  
October 1998 - Structural Pest Management pesticides. FAN's compilation of information cited on fluorine and organofluorine pesticides published in General Pest Management, Category 7A. A Guide for Commercial Applicators. Prepared by: Carolyn Randall, MSU Pesticide Education Program. Published by MSU Pesticide Education (Michigan State University). MSU manual number: E-2048.  
March 30, 1994 - Temporary Registration of Fluvalinate-Tau for Honey Bee Mite Detection and/or Control. Decision Document. - Environment Canada 
Believed to be obsolete or discontinued for use as pesticides (US allows residues in honey) .  WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification 2000-2002. Table 6. Active ingredients not included in the Classification and believed to be obsolete or discontinued for use as pesticides, p 37. Note from EC: According to Pesticide Standard Limits in Japan (see above), Fluvalinate is allowed for use. Also, USEPA lists fluvalinate as an active ingredient. See "Active Products" at http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/cgi-bin/epa/chemdetiris.pl?pccode=109302 Due to these discrepancies asked for a clarification (on Dec 17, 2001) from WHO. The reply was that they assume it is no longer being used.

Rationale for US EPA to add Fluvalinate to the Toxic Release Inventory

Delayed ossification and decreased weight and length of fetuses were observed in offspring of rats orally administered 50 mg/kg/day (LOEL) on days 6 to 15 of gestation. The NOEL was 10 mg/kg/day. These effects were observed at doses that produced maternal toxicity. Curved tibia and fibula were observed in the offspring of rabbits orally administered 125 mg/kg/day (LOEL). The NOEL was 25 mg/kg/day. In a 2-generation reproduction study, a decrease in pup weight and growth were observed in offspring of rats orally administered 5 mg/kg/day (LOEL). The NOEL was 1 mg/kg/day. Significantly decreased weight and survival were observed in offspring of rats orally administered 25 mg/kg/day.

In a range finding study, dietary administration of 50 mg/kg/day for 30 days produced skin lesions in rats. The NOEL was not determined. A 2-year rat feeding study was terminated at 64 weeks due to dermal lesions produced in animals at 15 mg/kg/day. The NOEL was 2 mg/kg/day. Dietary administration of 10 mg/kg/day (LOEL for effect) to mice for 2 years produced scabbing and dermal abrasion. No NOEL for these effects was established. An increase in plantar ulcers was observed in rats fed 2.5 mg/kg/day (LOEL) for 2 years. The NOEL was 1 mg/kg/day. Decreases in body weight gain were also observed in this study. Based on the NOEL of the study, an oral RfD of 0.01 mg/kg/day was derived. In a 2- generation rat reproduction study, dietary administration of 5 mg/kg/ day produced decreased body weight gain and skin lesions in parents and offspring. Dietary administration of 2.5 mg/kg/day to rats for 13 weeks produced anemia in blood parameters (decreased hematocrit, hemaglobin, and red blood cells). The NOEL was 1.0 mg/kg/day.

Dietary administration of 30 mg/kg/day (LOEL) to rats for 3 months produced decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell count in rats. The NOEL was 3 mg/kg/day.

EPA believes that there is sufficient evidence for listing fluvinate on EPCRA section 313 pursuant to EPCRA section 313(d)(2)(B) based on the available developmental, dermal, and hematological toxicity data for this chemical.

Aquatic acute toxicity values for fluvalinate include a daphnid 48- hour EC 50 of 0.40 ppb, a bluegill sunfish 96-hour LC50 of 0.9 ppb, a rainbow trout 96-hour LC50 of 2.9 ppb, and a sheepshead minnow 96-hour LC 50 of 10.8 ppb. EPA believes that there is sufficient evidence for listing fluvinate on EPCRA section 313 pursuant to EPCRA section 313(d)(2)(C) based on the available environmental toxicity data for this chemical.

Ref: USEPA/OPP. Support Document for the Addition of Chemicals from Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) Active Ingredients to EPCRA Section 313. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC (1993).
As cited by US EPA in:
Federal Register: January 12, 1994. Part IV. 40 CFR Part 372. Addition of Certain Chemicals; Toxic Chemical Release Reporting; Community Right-to-Know; Proposed Rule.


June 14, 2001 - Implementation of the Community Strategy for Endocrine Disruptors - a range of substances suspected of interfering with the hormone systems of humans and wildlife. Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels COM (2001) 262 final. (More information available at: http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/docum/01262_en.htm )

This document presents a "priority list of substances for further evaluation of their role in endocrine disruption. During 2000, a candidate list of 553 man-made substances and 9 synthetic/natural hormones has been identified." Organofluorine pesticides in this list include:

Substances included on the Endocrine Disruptor Liist CAS No. Substances included on the Endocrine Disruptor Liist CAS No.
Bifenthrin 82657-04-3 Flutriafol 76674-21-0
Cyhalothrin (@Karate) 91465-08-6 Fluvalinate 69409-94-5
Diflubenzuron 35367-38-5 Prodiamine 29091-21-2
Epoxiconazole - Stannane, tributylfluoro [Tributyltin fluoride] 1983-10-4
Fipronil - Thiazopyr -
Fluazifop-butyl 69806-50-4 Trifluralin -

US Federal Register
Published Date Docket Identification Number Details
August 18, 2004 OPP-2004-0054 Notice of Receipt of Requests To Voluntarily Cancel Certain Pesticide Registrations.
It is difficult to know if EPA included this as Fluvalinate or Tau-fluvalinate. We have asked for clarification and when we receive it we will amend it as necessary.
Registration No. Product Name EPA Company No. Company Name and Address
002724 OR-99-0046   Mavrik Aquaflow Insecticide 000400 Wellmark International, 1100 E.
Woodfield Rd., Suite 500,
Schaumbu, IL 60173.
 
Sept 13, 2002 OPP-2002- 0121 EPA status of reregistration and tolerance reassessment.
July 31, 2002 OPP-2002-0155  Tolerance Revocations. FINAL RULE. With the exception of honey, which is linked to the active registration for use in/on beehives, there are no active food-use registrations for the insecticide fluvalinate. The use of fluvalinate on cotton was voluntarily canceled in 1991. Cotton had been the only animal feed use for fluvalinate; therefore, the animal commodity tolerances are no longer needed. EPA believes that sufficient time has passed for exhaustion of those stocks and for treated commodities to have cleared channels of trade. Therefore, EPA is revoking the tolerances in 40 CFR 180.427(a) for residues of fluvalinate in or on cattle, fat; cattle, mbyp; cattle, meat; cottonseed; cottonseed hulls; cottonseed oil (crude and refined); eggs; goat, fat; goat, mbyp; goat, meat; hogs, fat; hogs, mbyp; hogs, meat; horses, fat; horses, mbyp; horses, meat; milk; poultry, fat; poultry, mbyp; poultry, meat; sheep, fat; sheep, mbyp; and sheep, meat. Also, a tolerance for coffee was established in 1989 based on a FIFRA section 24(c) registration and use of fluvalinate on coffee was restricted to Hawaii. In May 1990, the registration was canceled. Therefore, the Agency is revoking the tolerance in 40 CFR 180.427(c) for residues of fluvalinate in or on coffee.
April 15, 2002 OPP-2002-0019

Proposed Revocation of Tolerances - "With the exception of honey, which is linked to the active registration for use in/on beehives, there are no active food-use registrations for the insecticide fluvalinate. The use of fluvalinate on cotton was voluntarily canceled in 1991. Cotton had been the only feed use for fluvalinate; therefore, the animal commodity tolerances are no longer needed. EPA believes that sufficient time has passed for exhaustion of those stocks and for treated commodities to have cleared channels of trade. Therefore, with the exception of honey, EPA is proposing to revoke the tolerances in 40 CFR 180.427(a) for residues of fluvalinate in or on cattle, fat; cattle, mbyp; cattle, meat; cottonseed; cottonseed hulls; cottonseed oil (crude and refined); eggs; goat, fat; goat, mbyp; goat, meat; hogs, fat; hogs, mbyp; hogs, meat; horses, fat; horses, mbyp; horses, meat; milk; poultry, fat; poultry, mbyp; poultry, meat; sheep, fat; sheep, mbyp; and sheep, meat. Also, a tolerance for coffee was established in 1989 based on a FIFRA section 24(c) registration and use of fluvalinate on coffee was restricted to Hawaii. In May 1990, the registration was canceled. Therefore, the Agency is proposing to revoke the tolerance in 40 CFR 180.427(c) for residues of fluvalinate in or on coffee. Docket control number OPP-2002-0019,

August 25, 1999 OPP- 34193

WELLMARK - Request to delete use from label of MARVIK AQUAFLOW INSECTICIDE: "commercial, residential turf."

Oct 3, 1997 - Final na Cut Roses. Exception Decisions to Early Entry Prohibition, Worker Protection Standard; Technical Amendment.- FINAL RULE. See also Federal Register of Oct 30, 1996 below.
Oct 3, 1997 - Proposed OPP-250121 Pesticide Worker Protection Standard; Administrative Exception for Cut-Rose Hand Harvesting; Administrative Decision. Proposed Rule.
August 4, 1997 OPP-300523 Pesticides Subject to Tolerance Reassessment.
Oct 30, 1996 OPP-300164I Cut-Roses; Request for Exception to Worker Protection Standard's Prohibition of Early Entry into Pesticide-Treated Areas to Harvest Roses by Hand Cutting.
May 15, 1996 OPP-34093 EPA's Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Development SCHEDULE.
Jan 12, 1994 OPPTS-400082 EPA's proposal to add 41 fluorine and organofluorine chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). See excerpt in box above. Also available at http://www.epa.gov/tri/frnotices/59fr1788.htm
 
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