List of Organofluorine and Fluoride Pesticides: F

Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Brain
Cancer: Possible Human Carcinogen - THYROID
Cholesterol
Clastogenicity
CNS
Dermal
Endocrine: Altered Sex Ratio
Endocrine: Pituitary - (disruption in the thyroid-pituitary status)
Endocrine: Suspected Endocrine Disruptor
Endocrine: Testicular
Endocrine: Thyroid
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Reproductive/Developmental
Stomach

Contamination incident:

2001: Crawfish farmers in Louisiana file Class Action against Aventis for the use of the fipronil pesticide, Icon, that resulted in significant crawfish mortality.
2004: Class Action receive $45 million settlement.

Environmental

-- Highly toxic to rainbow trout and very highly toxic to bluegill sunfish
-- The sulfone metabolite is 6.3 times more toxic to rainbow trout and 3.3 times more toxic than the parent compound to bluegill sunfish.
-- High toxicity to freshwater aquatic invertebrates. The sulfone metabolite is 6.6 times more toxic and the desulfinyl photodegradate 1.9 times more toxic on an acute basis to freshwater invertebrates than the parent compound.
-- Highly toxic to upland game birds.. The sulfone metabolite is more toxic than the parent compound to certain bird species. This metabolite has shown a very high toxicity toward upland game birds ...
-- Highly toxic to bees, lizards, and gallinaceous birds

EPA Registered: Yes

Registered use in:
Australia, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, India, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, Taiwan, US
Africa: Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda

Japan:
Partial list: Banana, Broccoli, Button mushroom, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Corn, Potato, Rice, Sugar Beet, Sugar Cane

Taiwan:
Baby cucumbers, Eggplants, Leaf vegetables with wrapped leaves, Lotus root, Rice

US - permitted in or on 18 food commodities, including:
Cattle, Corn, Egg, Goat, Hog, Horse, Milk, Poultry, Rice, Sheep

See US food tolerances

Flamprop

CAS No. 58667-63-3

Herbicide
(Arylalanine)

WHO: believed
obsolete or
discontinued

PAN Data

As of February 2005 - no toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

European Commission: Not allowed to be used as an active ingredient after July 25, 2003.

Flamprop-isopropyl

CAS No. 52756-22-6

Herbicide
(Arylalanine)

PAN Data

As of February 2005 - no toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Finland, Hungary

Flamprop-M

CAS No. 90134-59-1

Herbicide
(Arylalanine)

PAN Data

As of February 2005 - no toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Denmark

Flamprop-methyl

CAS No. 52756-25-9

Herbicide
(Arylalanine)

PAN Data

As of February 2005 - no toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Australia

Flamprop-M-isopropyl

CAS No. 63782-90-1 (D Isomer)

CAS No. 57973-67-8 (L-isomer)

Herbicide
(Arylalanine)

PAN Data

As of February 2005 - no toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Australia, Portugal, UK

Flamprop-M-methyl

CAS No. 57973-66-7

CAS No. 63729-98-6 (D-isomer)

Herbicide
(Arylalanine)

PAN Data

As of February 2005 - no toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Australia, Canada

Flazasulfuron

CAS No. 104040-78-0

Herbicide
(Sulfonylurea)

PAN Data

See effects:

Bone
Kidney
Liver
Reproductive/Developmental

EPA Registered: Pending

Registered use in: Hungary, Japan, New Zealand, Taiwan

Japan:
Grape, Grapefruit, Lemon, Lime,
Natsudaidai (whole), Orange,
Other Citrus fruits, Sugarcane,
Unshu orange

Taiwan:
Grapes

Flocoumafen

CAS No. 90035-08-8

Rodenticide
(Coumarin)

PAN BAD ACTOR (Acute Toxicity)

See effects

Ataxia
Embryotoxic
Liver
Teratogen

Environmental:

Highly toxic to fish

High toxicity to non-target animals and pose a significant secondary hazard threat

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Australia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, India, New Zealand, Philippines, Portugal, Singapore, Tanzania, UK

Flonicamid

CAS No. 158062-67-0

Insecticide (Pyridinecarboxamide)

PAN Data

New pesticide in May 2001.

See effects

Ataxia
Blood
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Brain
Cancer: Lung and Nasal acrimal duct
Convulsions
Developmental/Reproductive
Endocrine: Adrenal
Endocrine: Ovary
Endocrine: Sex Ratios
Endocrine: Thymus
Endocrine: Vagina
Eye
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Muscle
Neurotoxicity
Spleen

EPA Registered: Yes

FIRST-TIME food tolerances in US as of August 2005.

(On March 18, 2005, FMC announced the "first in the world" registration of the insecticide Aria for use on ornamentals grown in greenhouses and interiorscapes.")

US
122 commodities. Too many to list
egg, cattle, cotton (gin byprodcuts, hulls, meal, undelinted seed), fruit (pome & stone, groups 11 & 12), goat, horse, meat, milk, potato, poultry, sheep, spinach, tomato (paste and puree), vegetables (Groups 4, 8, 9)

Florasulam

CAS No. 145701-23-1

Herbicide (Triazolopyrimidine)

PAN Data

New pesticide in July 1999.

See effects

Anemia
Body Weight Decrease
Endocrine: Adrenal
Kidney
Liver

Environmental:

European Commission: ... particular attention to the potential for groundwater contamination, when the active substance is applied in regions with vulnerable soil and/or climatic conditions.

EPA Registered: YES.

FIRST-TIME APPROVAL IN US: September 28, 2007

US:
at 0.01 ppm: Barley, grain; Oat, grain; Rye, grain; Wheat, grain
at 0.05 ppm: Barley, hay; Barley, straw ; Oat, forage ; Oat, hay ; Oat, straw ; Rye, forage ; Rye, straw; Wheat, forage; Wheat, hay; Wheat, straw

Registered use in:
Canada, Finland, Germany, Hungary, South Africa, Tanzania, US

Fluacrypyrim

CAS No. 229977-93-9

Acaricide
(Unclassified)

New pesticide in May 2000. No Tox data available.

EPA Registered: No

Fluazifop

CAS No. 69335-91-7

Herbicide (Aryloxyphenoxy
propionic acid)

WHO: believed
obsolete or
discontinued

PAN Data

No toxicological studies available.

See Fluazifop-butyl and Fluazifop-P-butyl below.

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
India, Denmark

European Commission: Not allowed to be used as an active ingredient after July 25, 2003.

NOTE: PAN lists Denmark for registered use as of December 2003.

Fluazifop-butyl

CAS No. 69806-50-4

Herbicide
(Aryloxyphenoxy
propionic acid)

PAN BAD ACTOR (Developmental Toxin)

See effects

Blood
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Brain
Cholesterol
Endocrine: Adrenal
Endocrine: Ovary
Endocrine: Pituitary
Endocrine Disruptor: Suspected
Endocrine: Testicular
Endocrine: Thymus
Endocrine: Uterus
Eye
Fetotoxic
Gastrointestinal Tract
Kidney
Liver
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes
Spleen
Teratogenic

Environmental:

Potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high

Highly toxic to Zooplankton

EPA Registered: Yes

European Commission: Not allowed to be used as an active ingredient after July 25, 2003.

Registered use in:
Canada, Hungary, Japan, Philippines, Taiwan, Tanzania, US

Canada:
Flax, Mustard, Solin, Soybeans, Strawberry

Taiwan:
Dry beans, Fruit vegetables, Large berries, Leaf vegetables with small leaves, Leaf vegetables with wrapped leaves, Melons, Root vegetables, Tea

US - permitted in or on over 30 food commodities, including:
Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee beans, Cotton seed / oil, Eggs, Endive, Stone fruits, Cattle, Goats, Hogs, Horse, Milk, Macadamia nuts, Onions (dry bulb), Pecans, Peppers (tabasco), Poultry, Rhubarb, Sheep, Soybeans, Spinach, Sweet potatoes

See US food tolerances

Japan:
Partial list: All berries, Apricot, Asparagus, Avocado, Banana, Beans (dry), Broccoli, Brussel Sprouts, Cabbage, Carrot, Cauliflower, Celery, Cherry, Coffee beans, Cucumber, Endive, Garlic, Grape, Hop, Kale, Kiwifruit, Lemon, Lettuce, Mango, Nectarine, Onion, Orange, Papaya, Peach, Peanuts (dry), Pear, Pecan, Pineapple, Plum, Potato, Soybeans (dry), Strawberry, Sugar beet, Taro, Watercress, Yam

Fluazifop-P

CAS No. 83066-88-0

Herbicide (Aryloxyphenoxy
propionic acid)

PAN Data

No toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: Yes

Same information as Fluazifop-P-butyl

See US food tolerances

Fluazifop-P-butyl

CAS No. 79241-46-6

Herbicide
(Arylphenoxy ether ester)

PAN Data

See effects

Blood
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Endocrine: Ovary
Endocrine: Pituitary
Endocrine: Prostate
Endocrine: Testicular
Endocrine: Uterine
Eye
Fetotoxic
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Reproductive
Spleen
Stomach
Teratogenic
Environmental

Environmental:

Very high to high toxicity to fish.
Metabolites are Highly persisent in water and in soil.

EPA Registered: Yes

Registered use in: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, Portugal, UK, US
Africa: Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, South Africa

Australia:
Grape

US - - permitted in or on 36 food commodities, including:
Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee beans, Cotton seed / oil, Eggs, Endive, Stone fruits, Cattle, Goats, Hogs, Horse, Milk, Macadamia nuts, Onions (dry bulb), Pecans, Peppers (tabasco), Poultry, Rhubarb, Sheep, Soybeans, Spinach, Sweet potatoes

See US food tolerances

Fluazinam

CAS No. 79622-59-6

Fungicide
(2,6-Dinitroaniline)

PAN Data

See effects

Body Weight Decrease
Bone (including Cleft Palate)
Brain
Cancer-- Suggestive Evidence:THYROID, LIVER
Cholesterol
Dermal
Endocrine: Testicular
Endocrine: Thymus
Endocrine: Thyroid
Endocrine: Uterus
Eye
Liver
Lung
Pancreas
Spinal Cord
Stomach
Thyroid

Environmental:

Fluazinam is of very high toxic risk to freshwater aquatic organisms, of high toxic risk to marine aquatic organisms, and of high dietary and reproductive risk to wild mammals.

Moderately persistent in soil with significant carryover of residues to the next season

Suggestive chronic effects (reduced growth in young) in birds

EPA Registered: Yes

Registered use in:
Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, Portugal, Taiwan, UK, US

Canada: Potato

Japan: Apple • Asparagus • Beans (dry) • Broccoli • Brussels sprouts • Burdock • Cabbage • Cauliflower • Cherry • Grape • Grapefruit • Japanese pear • Japanese persimon • Kiwifruit • Lemon • Lettuce (Cos lettuce, Leaf lettuce) • Lime • Loquat • Mume plum • NATSUDAIDAI (whole) • Onion • Orange (including Navel) • Other Citrus fruits • Other Cruciferous vegetables • Other Liliaceous vegetables • Peach • Pear • Pineapple • Potato • Sugar beet • Tea • Turnip • Welsh (including Leek) • UNSHU orange • Yam

Taiwan: Citrus, Pears

US: Peanuts, Potatoes, Grape (wine)

See US food tolerances

Fluazolate

CAS No. 174514-07-9

Herbicide (Pyrazolylphenyl)

PAN Data

New pesticide in March 1998.

See effects

Note from FAN:

Both bromine and fluorine are in the chemical formula for this substance. Studies on its effect on the brain need to be performed. (EC)

Environmental:

Potential for ground water contamination by metabolites M01 and M06.

Contamination incident:
UK 2002: Reference values could not be set due to evidence from observations in humans following a contamination incident, which suggested that fluazolate was absorbed and that a biological effect occurred at lower doses than those which produced effects in animal studies.

EPA Registered: No

Fluazuron

CAS No. 86811-58-7

Acaricide
(Benzoylphenyl urea)

Note: As there is little data available on Fluazuron, we include this.

Potential Adverse Effect:

Brain

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Australia, Canada, Korea

Canada:
Cattle fat, Meat byproducts of cattle

Flubendiamide

CAS No. 272451-65-7

Insecticide (unclassified)

see effects:

Endocrine: Testicular
Endocrine: Thymus
Endocrine: Thyroid
Endocrine: Uterine
Eye
Liver
Reproductive / Developmental:
Spleen

Note: Very little detailed data available as this is a new pesticide, announced in October 2004.

EPA Registered: Pending

Flubenzimine

CAS No. 37893-02-0

Acaricide
(Unclassified)

WHO: believed
obsolete or
discontinued

PAN Data

No toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

European Commission: Not allowed to be used as an active ingredient after July 25, 2003.

Flucarbazone

CAS No. 145026-88-6

Herbicide
(Triazolone)

New pesticide in March 1998.

Tox data available for Flucarbazone-sodium only.

EPA Registered: No

Flucarbazone
-sodium

CAS No. 181274-17-9

Herbicide
(Triazolone)

PAN Data

New pesticide in March 1998.

See effects

Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Endocrine: Thyroid
Endocrine: Uterus
Immunological effects
Liver
Stomach

Environmental:

Potential to Contaminate Drinking Water

With chronic exposure, flucarbazone-sodium reduces fish growth at 2.75 ppm

EPA Registered: Yes

Registered use in: Canada, UK, US

Canada:
Wheat (durum)
Wheat (spring)

US - permitted in or on 20 food commodities, including:
Cattle, Goats, Hogs, Horses, Milk, Sheep, Wheat (grain, hay, straw)

See US food tolerances

Flucetosulfuron

CAS NO. 412928-75-7

Herbicide
(sulfonylurea)

New pesticide in November 2003.

No Tox data available

EPA Registered: No

Fluchloralin

CAS No. 33245-39-5

Herbicide
(2,6 Dinitroaniline)

PAN Data

See effects

Blood
Brain
CNS
Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and induces apoptosis
Endocrine: Testicular - spermatogenesis
Genotoxic
Liver

Environmental:

Moderately to highly toxic to Fish

Highly Toxic to Molluscs

Very Highly Toxic to Zooplankton

Persistent in soil

EPA Registered: No

US Tolerances: Revoked

Registered use in: India

Flucofuron

CAS No. 370-50-3

Insecticide
(Urea)

No Tox data accessible

See effects

Environmental:

Highly toxic to fish and invertebrates

EPA Registered: No

Flucycloxuron

CAS No. 113036-88-7

Acaricide
(Mite Growth Regulator),
Insecticide
(Chitin Synthesis
Inhibitor)
Herbicide
(Benzoylurea)

PAN Data

No toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Registered use in:
Hungary, Netherlands

European Commission: Not allowed to be used as an active ingredient after July 25, 2003.

Flucycloxuron, (E)

CAS No. 94050-52-9

Herbicide
(Benzoylurea)

No toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

European Commission: Not allowed to be used as an active ingredient after July 25, 2003.

Flucythrinate

CAS No. 70124-77-5

Acaricide,
Insecticide
(both Pyrethroid)

PAN BAD ACTOR (Acute Toxicity)

EPA Restricted Use

WHO: Highly Hazardous
(Class 1b)

See effects

Ataxia
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Brain
Cancer: Potential for tumor promotion
Endocrine: Breast
Endocrine: Pituitary
Endocrine: Testicular
Endocrine: Uterus
G-Protein effect: Inhibits intercellular communication
Heart
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Sciatic Nerve
Spleen

Environmental:

Very highly toxic to Fish, Insects, and Zooplankton

EPA Registered: No

US Tolerances: Revoked

Registered use in:
India, Japan, Portugal, Taiwan

Banned in Norway

European Commission: Not allowed to be used as an active ingredient after July 25, 2003.

Japan:
Partial list: Apple, Artichoke, Barley, Beans (dry), Broad Beans, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Cherry, Coffee beans, Corn, Cotton seeds, Cucumber,Ginger, Grape, Grapefruit, Hop, Horseradish, Kale, Lemon, Lime, Loquat, Natsudaidai, Onion, Orange, Peach, Pear, Peas, Japanese Persimon, Potato, Quince, Radish, Rape seeds, Soybeans, Spinach, Taro, Tea, Tomato, Turnip, Watercress, Wheat

Taiwan:
Citrus, Drupe, Fruite vegetables, Leaf vegetables with small leaves, Leaf vegetables with wrapped leaves, Melon vegetables, Other cereals and crops, Peas and beans, Rice, Root vegetables, Tea

Fludioxonil

CAS No. 131341-86-1

Fungicide
(Pyrrole)

PAN Data

See effects

Body Weight Decrease

Cancer: "currently unclassifiable" - statistically significant trend for malignant LYMPHOMAS in female mice; statistically significant increases in LIVER tumors in female rats

Cholesterol
Endocrine: Ovary
Endocrine: Thymus
Genotoxic
Kidney
Liver
Spleen

Environmental:

Fludioxonil is classed as 'very persistent' in soil

Relatively high aquatic toxicity to fish, aquatic invertebrates and aquatic plants

EPA Registered: Yes

Registered use in:
Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, India, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, South Africa, Taiwan, UK, US

Australia:
Grape

Canada: Too many to list (See as of July 2005), but includes:
Potatoes, Mustard, Rapeseed (canola), Milk, Cattle, Goat, Hog, Horse, Sheep Japan: Apricot, Barley, Beans (dry), Broad beans, Buckwheat, Cherry, Corn, Cucumber, Eggplant, Grape, Lettuce, Nectarine, Onion, Other Legumes/ pulses, Peach, Peanuts (dry), Peas, Plum,Potato, Rice, Rye, Soybeans (dry), Strawberry, Tomato, Wheat

Japan:
Apricot, Barley, Beans (dry), Broad beans, Buckwheat, Cherry, Corn, Cucumber, Eggplant, Grape, Lettuce, Nectarine, Onion, Other Legumes/ pulses, Peach, Peanuts (dry), Peas, Plum, Potato, Rice, Rye, Soybeans (dry), Strawberry, Tomato, Wheat

Taiwan:
Grapes, Mangoes

US:
Permitted in or on 948 food commodities.

See US food tolerances

Fluenetil

CAS No. 4301-50-2

Acaricide, Insecticide
(Unclassified)

WHO: believed
obsolete or
discontinued

PAN Data

No Tox data available

See effects

Environmental:

Highly toxic to fish (Rainbow trout, donaldson trout)

EPA Registered: No

Flufenacet

CAS No. 142459-58-3

Herbicide (Anilide)

PAN Data

New pesticide in October 1998.

See effects

Blood
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Brain
Cholesterol
Endocrine: Thyroid
Endocrine: Uterus
Eye
Heart
Kidney
Liver
Sciatic Nerve
Spinal Cord
Spleen

Environmental:

Highly toxic to terrestrial, semi-aquatic, and aquatic plants.

Likely to persist in soil for some time

EPA Registered: Yes

Registered use in:
Canada, Germany, Hungary, Philippines, South Africa, US, UK

US:
Permitted in or on over 500 food commodities, including:
Alfalfa, Cattle, Clover, Corn, Goat, Hog, Horse, Sheep, Soybean, Wheat

See US food tolerances

Flufenerim

CAS No. 170015-32-4

Insecticide
(Pyrimidinamine)

New pesticide in October 2001.

No Tox data available.

EPA Registered: No -

Flufenican

No CAS No.

Acaricide,
Herbicide
(Anilide)

PAN Data

No toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Flufenoxuron

CAS No. 101463-69-8

Acaricide,
Insecticide
(Benzoylurea)
Herbicide

PAN Data

See effects

Blood
Bone
Endocrine: Adrenal
Endocrine: Ovary
Endocrine: Testicular
Endocrine: Thyroid
Kidney
Liver
Spleen

Environmental:

Persists in soil

Extremely toxic to Daphnia (aquatic Invertebrate)

Potential to bioaccumulate in fish and aquatic gastropods

EPA Registered: YES (for imported commodities)

US (for imported commodities): Apple, Cattle, Goat, Grape, Horse, Milk, Orange, Pear, Raisin, Sheep

Registered use in:
Australia, Hungary, India, Japan, Philippines, Portugal, Taiwan, Tanzania, South Africa, Vietnam

Japan:
Apple, Brussel Sprouts, Cabbage, Celery, Cherry, Cotton seeds, Cucumber, Eggplant, Grape, Grapefruit, Multiplying onion (inc Shallot), Lemon, Lime, Melons, Mushrooms (other than Shitake or Button), Natsudaidai (whole), Other Citrus fruits, Orange, Peach, Pear, Radish (Japanese), Strawberry, Sugar beet, Tea, Tomato, Unshu orange, Welsh (inc Leek)

Taiwan: Melons

Flufenprox

CAS No. 107713-58-6

Insecticide
(Pyrethroid)

No toxicological studies available

EPA Registered: No

Flufenpyr

CAS No. 188490-07-5

Herbicide
(Pyridazinone)

New pesticide in May 2000.
Tox data available for Flufenpyr-ethyl only.

EPA Registered: No

Flufenpyr-ethyl