Report
available from The National Technical Information Service
(NTIS) -
see http://www.ntis.gov/ |
Order
No. |
Title |
Abstract
/ Keywords |
Source |
NTIS/OTS0539149 |
1992
- INITIAL SUBMISSION: WL115110: A CKA EMBRYOTOXICITY STUDY
IN RATS (FINAL REPORT) WITH COVER LETTER DATED
04-02-92
|
Benzamide,
n-(((4-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoro- methyl)phenoxy)-2-fluorophenyl)amino0carbonyl)-2,6-difluoro-
(CAS# 101463-69-8) was evaluated for maternal and reproductive
toxicity. The test substance was administered by oral
gavage to 3 groups of 15 rats (Fischer strain) at doses
of 0, 10, and 1000 mg/Kg/day on days 8 through 17 of gestation.
No dams died during this study and all pregnant animals
produced litters with no abnormal pups. Four dams in the
high dose group failed to lactate properly. Of these four
animals, 2 showed no signs of milk production and their
litters died and the others had reduced milk production
which caused reduced weight gain of the pups. The lactation
effect was reported to be a non-specific effect of the
high dose level. The NOEL for embryotoxicity
in this study was reported to be 10 mg/Kg/day.
Keywords:
SHELL OIL CO
WL 115110
HEALTH EFFECTS
REPRODUCTION/FERTILITY EFFECTS
TERATOGENICITY
MAMMALS
RATS
ORAL
GAVAGE |
EPA/OTS;
Doc #88-920002054 |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16786494&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum
Pest
Manag Sci. 2006 Aug;62(8):752-8.
Hazards
and uptake of chitin synthesis inhibitors in bumblebees
Bombus terrestris.
Mommaerts V, Sterk G, Smagghe G.
Department
of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Free University of
Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
This
research project examined the potential hazards of a
major class of insect growth regulators (IGRs) to survival,
reproduction and larval growth in bumblebees Bombus
terrestris L. Eight chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs)
were tested: buprofezin, cyromazine, diflubenzuron,
flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron,
lufenuron, novaluron and
teflubenzuron. These
different IGRs, which are important in the control of
pest insects in greenhouses, were applied via three
different routes of exposure under laboratory conditions:
dermal contact, and orally via the drinking of sugar/water
and via pollen. The compounds were tested at their respective
maximum field recommended concentrations (MFRC) and
also in dose-response assays to calculate LC(50) values.
In general, none of the CSIs showed acute worker toxicity.
However, there was a dramatic
reduction in brood production, especially after oral
treatment with pollen and sugar/water. Conspicuously,
egg fertility was reduced in all treatments with diflubenzuron
and teflubenzuron. In addition to egg mortality,
the worker bumblebees removed larvae from the treated
nest, and in most cases these individuals were dead
first-second instars. Under a binocular microscope,
such larvae showed an abnormally formed cuticle leading
to mechanical weakness and death. In another series
of experiments using (14)C-diflubenzuron and (14)C-flufenoxuron,
cuticular penetration in workers was studied for a better
understanding of the differences in toxicity. With (14)C-diflubenzuron,
transovarial transport and accumulation in the deposited
eggs supported the strong reproductive effects. Overall,
the present results suggest that CSIs should be applied
with caution in combination with bumblebees. The
compatibility of each compound to be used in combination
with B. terrestris is discussed in relation to calculated
LC(50) values, routes of uptake and effects.
PMID:
16786494 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
NOTE
from FAN: 6 of the 8 pesticides
tested are fluorinated: diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron,
flufenoxuron, lufenuron,
novaluron and teflubenzuron
|
J AOAC Int
2001 May-Jun;84(3):901-9
Determination
of five pesticide residues in oranges by matrix solid-phase
dispersion and liquid chromatography to estimate daily intake
of consumers.
Valenzuela AI, Pico Y, Font G.
Universitat de Valencia, Laboratori, de Toxicologia, Facultat
de Farmacia, Burjassot, Spain.
Residues of benzoylphenylurea insecticides (diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron,
and flufenuxuron), carboxamide
acaricides (hexythiazox), and carbamate insecticides (benfuracarb)
were determined in 150 orange fruit samples from September 1998
to June 1999, to estimate exposure of the Valencian population
to oranges contaminated with these newly developed pesticides.
The method for monitoring these residues is based on matrix
solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography with UV or
atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry (APCI/MS)
detection. Orange samples representing 11 varieties were collected
from an agricultural cooperative and examined for the 5 pesticides.
In 74.6% of all analyzed samples, the pesticide residues were
below detection limits, which ranged from 0.002 to 0.05 mg/kg.
Residues were detected in 25.4% of the samples, with higher
incidences of diflubenzuron, flufenuxuron,
hexythiazox, and benfuracarb; hexaflumuron residues were detected
only occasionally. Two different pesticides exceeded maximum
residue limits (MRLs) in 4 (2.7%) of the orange samples. Diflubenzuron
surpassed 1 mg/kg MRL in 3 samples and flufenuxuron
exceeded the 0.3 mg/kg MRL in 3 samples. The estimated daily
intake of the 5 pesticide residues during the period was 0.077
microg/kg body weight per day. This value is much lower than
the total admissible daily intake proposed by the Food and Agricultural
Organization and the World Health Organization.
PMID: 11417653 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.egsz.org/BiologicalCurrentContent/Zoology/Comparative%20Physiology/TOXICOLOGY.htm
J. Egypt.
Ger. Soc. Zool., Vol. 25(B), 45-64, 1998
EFFECTS
OF FLUFENOXURON-AN ENVIRONMENTAL ANTIMOULTING INSECTICIDE ON
GONAD FUNCTION OF ALBINO RATS
EL-Sayyad,
H.I.* and Karim, S.A.**
*Zoology
Dept., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
**Biology Dept., Faculty of Science, King Abd El-Aziz University,
K.S.A.
Flufenoxuron
(Benzoylphenylurea derivative)-an environmental antimoulting
insecticide-is recently used for controlling insect production
in cultivated areas. In the present work, the insecticide was
administered intragastrically by stomach tube at a dose of 20
mg/kg b.wt. to the Juvenile female and male albino rats (Rattus
norvegicus) every other day for three weeks.
Histological
examination of ovaries revealed that the
flufenoxuron induced massive degeneration of ovarian follicles
with much cellular debris in the antrum and pyknotic granulosa
cells.
On the other
hand, the testis of flufenoxuron-treated
animals exhibited marked decrease of the thickness of tunica
albuginea and atrophy of the seminiferous tubules.
There was
a marked increase of desquamated spermatogenic
cells within the lumina of seminiferous tubules. Multinucleated
giant cells and vanishing of sperms were observed in the majority
of tubules of flufenoxuron-treated animals in comparison with
control. Epididymides sperm of experimental group exhibited
the presence of increased number of spermatic precursors as
well as varieties of sperm anomalies.
The hepatic
tissues toxicated with the insecticide showed nuclear disintegration,
massive breakdown of hepatocytes and internal haemorrhage. The
observed gonadal dysfunction may
be attributed to hepatic damage or decline of gonadal hormone
involved in either processes.
http://www.egsz.org/BiologicalCurrentContent/Zoology/Comparative%20Physiology/TOXICOLOGY.htm
J. Egypt.
Ger. Soc. Zool., Vol. 25(B), 65-81, 1998
PATTERNS
OF DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS OF RAT FOETUSES MATERNALLY TREATED
WITH AN ENVIRONMENTAL ANTIMOULTING INSECTICIDE FLUFENOXURON.
Karim,
S.A.
Biology
Dept., Faculty of Science, King Abd El-Aziz University, K.S.A.
Flufenoxuron
(Benzoylphenyl urea derivative) - antimoulting insecticide Ð
is recently used for controlling insect reproduction in cultivated
areas. The study determined the hazardous effects of the applied
dose-treatment during the critical period of rat embryonic development
and the induction of growth retardation. In the present work,
flufenoxuron was intragastrically administered by stomach intubation
to pregnant rats at concentration levels 0 & 20 mg/kg b.wt.
in saline solution every other day on gestation day 7 till parturition.
Experimental and control pregnant rats were sacrificed on days
13 & 16 of gestation and the foetuses were fixed in 10 percent
formol saline. Histological abnormalities
of thyroid, liver and kidneys of mothers as well as of skeletal
axial and appendicular regions of foetuses were investigated.
Foetuses
maternally treated with flufenoxuron exhibited delayed
differentiation of chondrification and ossification of axial
and appendicular regions.
The observed
defects in foetuses may be attributed to the histological abnormalities
of thyroid, liver and kidneys of
maternal tissues as well as to the direct effect of the parents
as a result of the insecticide or its metabolites on the affected
structures during early morphogenesis and differentiation.
From
Toxline at Toxnet
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH; 21 (2).
1995. 124-133.
Relationship of pesticide spraying to
signs and symptoms in Indonesian farmers.
KISHI M, HIRSCHHORN N, DJAJADISASTRA M,
SATTERLEE LN, STROWMAN S, DILTS R
Univ. Minnesota Sch. Public Health, Box 97, 420 Delaware Street,
SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Objectives: This study assessed
correlations between exposure to pesticides and signs and symptoms
of pesticide toxicity among Indonesian farmers.
Methods: Detailed observations were recorded of spray frequency
and pesticide handling, dermal exposure, and the chemicals used.
Symptoms of acute illness were reported by the farmers, and
signs of poisoning were observed by the interviewers at the
time of spraying or within a few hours after it.
Results: The spray practices substantially exposed the farmers
to pesticides. Signs and symptoms occurred significantly more
often during spraying than during nonspraying seasons. Twenty-one
percent of the spray operations resulted in three or more neurobehavioral,
respiratory, and intestinal signs or symptoms. The number of
spray operations per week, the use of hazardous pesticides,
and skin and clothes being wetted with the spray solution were
significantly and independently associated with the number of
signs and symptoms. A dose- [abstract truncated)
From
Toxline at Toxnet
TOXICOLOGY; 91 (1). 1994. 63-69.
HEALTH SURVEILLANCE OF PESTICIDE WORKERS
A MANUAL FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS SUBSTITUTED UREAS
FERIOLI A, BARBIERI F
Keywords:
Biochemical Studies-General
Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology
Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health
Pest Control
Hominidae
CAS Registry Numbers:
101463-69-8
101463-69-8
66063-05-6
53558-25-1
35367-38-5
86-88-4
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7799849&dopt=Abstract
Med Parazitol
(Mosk) 1994 Jul-Sep;(3):23-4
[The
action of insect developmental regulators on the housedust mites
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Trouessart, 1897) and D. farinae
Hughes, 1961 (Acari: Pyroglyphidae)]
[Article in Russian]
Stepanova GN, Kostina MN.
Whether insect growth regulators, such as methoprene, telflubenzuron
and flufenoxuron, can be used to
suppress the populations of the house dust mites D. pteronyssinus
and D. farinae has been studied in the laboratory setting. The
most potent agent has been found to be methoprene used in concentrations
of 0.05 = 0.1%, in particular. Flufenoxuron
at a concentration of < 0.1% has been shown to stimulate
the reproduction of house dust mites.
PMID: 7799849 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
From
Toxline at Toxnet
J APPL TOXICOL; 13 (1). 1993.
67-68.
Comparative study on the effects of
five benzoylphenylurea insecticides on haematological parameters
in rats.
TASHEVA M, HRISTEVA V
National Cent. Hygiene Med. Ecology, Boul. D. Nestorov 15,
1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Five benzoylphenylurea insecticides
were administered to male Wistar rats for 28 days at oral doses
of 100 mg kg-1 each. Elevation of methaemoglobin was found only
in the diflubenzuron- and triflumuron treated groups. The number
of reticulocytes was increased in all of the treated groups.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1517509&dopt=Abstract
J Econ Entomol
1992 Aug;85(4):1194-200
Oral
toxicity, formulation effects, and field performance of flufenoxuron
against the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae).
Reid BL, Appel AG, Demark JJ, Bennett
GW.
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
Ind. 47907.
Laboratory and field studies on the benzoylphenyl urea (BPU)
chitin synthetase inhibitor flufenoxuron
(DPX EY-059) showed great potential for its use in suppressing
infestations of German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.).
When fed continuously to fifth (last) instars, the LC50 of flufenoxuron
was estimated at 0.82 ppm (95% FL, 0.76-0.87 ppm). A rating
scale specific for BPU effects was developed and shown to be
positively correlated with the insect's exposure to concentration
of flufenoxuron. Manipulating the particle size of wettable
powder formulations of flufenoxuron significantly altered their
activity in contact bioassays. Larger particles (volume mean
diameter, 12.2 mu; range, 10-20 mu) were more active. Field
trials in multifamily housing with this wettable powder formulation
at 0.033 and 0.066% (AI) achieved high level (greater than 80%)
population suppression within 8 wk of treatment. The potential
for the use of flufenoxuron in B. germanica management programs
is discussed.
PMID: 1517509 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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