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Chlorflurazole (Chlorofluorazole). TOXNET profile from Hazardous Substances Data Bank.

See for Updates: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?HSDB

CHLOROFLUORAZOLE
CASRN: 3615-21-2
For other data, click on the Table of Contents

Human Health Effects:

Emergency Medical Treatment:

Emergency Medical Treatment:

EMT Copyright Disclaimer:
Portions of the POISINDEX(R) database are provided here for general reference. THE COMPLETE POISINDEX(R) DATABASE, AVAILABLE FROM MICROMEDEX, SHOULD BE CONSULTED FOR ASSISTANCE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OR TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC CASES. Copyright 1974-1998 Micromedex, Inc. Denver, Colorado. All Rights Reserved. Any duplication, replication or redistribution of all or part of the POISINDEX(R) database is a violation of Micromedex' copyrights and is strictly prohibited.

The following Overview, *** CHLOROFLURAZOLE ***, is relevant for this HSDB record chemical.

Life Support: 
  o   This overview assumes that basic life support measures
      have been instituted.
Clinical Effects: 
  SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE
   0.2.1.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   No reports of human exposure were available at the time
         of this review.  In experimental animal studies,
         chloroflurazole was moderately toxic following
         ingestion or parenteral administration.
     o   Exposure to the combustion products of chloroflurazole
         such as chlorides, fluorides and oxides of nitrogen, in
         a fire situation could result in eye and respiratory
         tract irritation, bronchospasm, chemical pneumonitis,
         or noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
     o   In rat liver suspensions, chloroflurazole uncouples
         about 50 percent of oxidative phosphorylation and
         stimulates both ATPase activity and cellular
         respiration.
  HEENT
   0.2.4.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Irritation of the eyes, nose and throat may result from
         exposure to the thermal decomposition products of
         chloroflurazole in a fire situation.
  RESPIRATORY
   0.2.6.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Exposure to chloroflurazole decomposition products in a
         fire situation could cause respiratory tract
         irritation, chemical pneumonitis, bronchospasm and
         wheezing, or noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
  METABOLISM
   0.2.17.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   A decrease in oxidative phosphorylation and stimulation
         of ATPase activity and cellular respiration have been
         observed in vitro.
  REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS
    o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
        assess the teratogenic potential of this agent.
    o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
        assess the potential effects of exposure to this agent
        during pregnancy or lactation.
    o   No information about possible male reproductive effects
        was found in available references at the time of this
        review.
  CARCINOGENICITY
   0.2.21.2 HUMAN OVERVIEW
     o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
         assess the carcinogenic potential of this agent.
  GENOTOXICITY
    o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
        assess the mutagenic or genotoxic potential of this
        agent.
Laboratory: 
  o   No methods for measurement of chloroflurazole in
      biological samples were listed in available references at
      the time of this review.
  o   A number of chemicals produce abnormalities of the
      hematopoietic system, liver, and kidneys.  Monitoring
      complete blood count and liver and kidney function tests
      is suggested for patients with significant exposure.
  o   If respiratory tract irritation is present, monitor
      arterial blood gases and chest x-ray.
  o   Pulse oximetry monitoring is an alternative to arterial
      blood gases.
Treatment Overview: 
  ORAL EXPOSURE
    o   Carefully examine patients with chemical exposure before
        administering ipecac to induce emesis.  If signs of
        oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal irritation, a depressed
        gag reflex, or central nervous system excitation or
        depression are present, EMESIS SHOULD NOT BE INDUCED.
    o   GASTRIC LAVAGE:  Consider after ingestion of a
        potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can
        be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1
        hour).  Protect airway by placement in Trendelenburg and
        left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal
        intubation.  Control any seizures first.
     1.  CONTRAINDICATIONS:  Loss of airway protective reflexes
         or decreased level of consciousness in unintubated
         patients; following ingestion of corrosives;
         hydrocarbons (high aspiration potential); patients at
         risk of hemorrhage or gastrointestinal perforation; and
         trivial or non-toxic ingestion.
    o   ACTIVATED CHARCOAL/CATHARTIC:  Administer charcoal
        slurry, aqueous or mixed with saline cathartic or
        sorbitol.  The FDA suggests 240 mL of diluent/30 g of
        charcoal.  Usual charcoal dose is 25 to 100 grams in
        adults and adolescents, 25 to 50 grams in children (1 to
        12 years old), and 1 gram/kilogram in infants less than
        1 year old.
     1.  Routine use of cathartics is NOT recommended.  If used,
         administer only ONE dose of cathartic.  Administer one
         dose of a cathartic, mixed with charcoal or given
         separately.  See "Treatment:  Prevention of Absorption"
         in the main document.
    o   Carefully observe patients with ingestion exposure for
        the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and
        administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.
    o   NOTE:  See treatment of oral exposure in the main body
        of this document for complete information.
  INHALATION EXPOSURE
    o   INHALATION:  Move patient to fresh air.  Monitor for
        respiratory distress.  If cough or difficulty breathing
        develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation,
        bronchitis, or pneumonitis.  Administer oxygen and
        assist ventilation as required.  Treat bronchospasm with
        beta2  agonist and corticosteroid aerosols.
    o   Respiratory tract irritation, if severe, can progress to
        pulmonary edema which may be delayed in onset up to 24
        to 72 hours after exposure in some cases.
    o   PULMONARY EDEMA (NONCARDIOGENIC):  Maintain ventilation
        and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial
        blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring.  Early use of
        PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.
    o   If respiratory tract irritation or respiratory
        depression is evident, monitor arterial blood gases,
        chest x-ray, and pulmonary function tests.
    o   Pulse oximetry monitoring is an alternative to arterial
        blood gases.
    o   Carefully observe patients with inhalation exposure for
        the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and
        administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.
    o   NOTE:  See treatment of inhalation exposure in the main
        body of this document for complete information.
  EYE EXPOSURE
    o   DECONTAMINATION:  Irrigate exposed eyes with copious
        amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes.  If
        irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia
        persist, the patient should be seen in a health care
        facility.
  DERMAL EXPOSURE
    o   DECONTAMINATION:  Remove contaminated clothing and wash
        exposed  area thoroughly with soap and water.  A
        physician may need to  examine the area if irritation or
        pain persists.
    o   Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical
        therapy.  Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity
        reactions may require treatment with systemic or topical
        corticosteroids or antihistamines.
    o   Some chemicals can produce systemic poisoning by
        absorption through intact skin.  Carefully observe
        patients with dermal exposure for the development of any
        systemic signs or symptoms and administer symptomatic
        treatment as necessary.
Range of Toxicity: 
  o   Minimum lethal human exposure is unknown.

[Rumack BH: POISINDEX(R) Information System. Micromedex, Inc., Englewood, CO, 2001; CCIS Volume 110, edition exp November, 2001. Hall AH & Rumack BH (Eds):TOMES(R) Information System. Micromedex, Inc., Englewood, CO, 2001; CCIS Volume 110, edition exp November, 2001.] **PEER REVIEWED**

Antidote and Emergency Treatment:

1. SKIN CONTAMINATION SHOULD BE REMOVED PROMPTLY BY WASHING WITH SOAP AND WATER. CONTAMINATION OF THE EYES SHOULD BE TREATED IMMEDIATELY BY PROLONGED FLUSHING OF THE EYES WITH COPIOUS AMOUNTS OF CLEAN WATER. IF DERMAL OR OCULAR IRRITATION PERSISTS, MEDICAL ATTENTION SHOULD BE OBTAINED WITHOUT DELAY. /OTHER HERBICIDES/
[MORGAN DP; RECOGNITION AND MANAGEMENT OF PESTICIDE POISONINGS. 4TH ED, P.87 EPA 540/9-88-001. WASHINGTON, DC: U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, MARCH 1989]**PEER REVIEWED**

2. INGESTIONS OF THESE HERBICIDES ARE LIKELY TO BE FOLLOWED BY VOMITING AND DIARRHEA DUE TO THE IRRITANT PROPERTIES OF MOST OF THE TOXICANTS. ... A. IF LARGE AMOUNTS OF HERBICIDE HAVE BEEN INGESTED, AND IF THE PATIENT IS FULLY ALERT INDUCE EMESIS WITH SYRUP OF IPECAC, FOLLOWED BY SEVERAL GLASSES OF WATER. DOSAGE FOR ADULTS AND CHILDREN OVER 12 YEARS: 30 ML; DOSAGE FOR CHILDREN UNDER 12 YEARS 15 ML. WHEN VOMITING HAS STOPPED, GIVE ACTIVATED CHARCOAL. ADD SORBITOL TO THE CHARCOAL SLURRY UNLESS DIARRHEA HAS ALREADY COMMENCED. IF, FOR SOME REASON, THE PATIENT IS NOT FULLY ALERT, PUT IN PLACE A CUFFED ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE TO PROTECT THE AIRWAY, THEN ASPIRATE AND LAVAGE THE STOMACH WITH A SLURRY OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL. LEAVE A QUANTITY OF CHARCOAL, WITH SORBITOL, IN THE STOMACH BEFORE WITHDRAWING THE STOMACH TUBE. REPEATED ADMINISTRATION OF CHARCOAL AT HALF OR MORE THE INITIAL DOSAGE EVERY 2-4 HOURS MAY BE BENEFICIAL. /OTHER HERBICIDES/
[MORGAN DP; RECOGNITION AND MANAGEMENT OF PESTICIDE POISONINGS. 4TH ED, P.88 EPA540/9-88-001. WASHINGTON, DC: U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, MARCH 1989]**PEER REVIEWED**

2. B. IF THE AMOUNT OF INGESTED HERBICIDES WAS SMALL, IF EFFECTIVE EMESIS HAS ALREADY OCCURRED, OR IF TREATMENT IS DELAYED, ADMINISTER THE ACTIVATED CHARCOAL AND SORBITOL BY MOUTH. C. IF SERIOUS DEHYDRATION AND ELECTROLYTE DEPLETION HAVE OCCURRED AS A RESULT OF VOMITING AND DIARRHEA, MONITOR BLOOD ELECTROLYTES AND AND FLUID BALANCE AND ADMINISTER INTRAVENOUS INFUSIONS OF GLUCOSE, NORMAL SALINE RINGER'S SOLUTION, OR RINGER'S LACTATE TO RESTORE EXTRACELLULAR FLUID VOLUME AND ELECTROLYTES. FOLLOW THIS WITH ORAL NUTRIENTS AS SOON AS FLUIDS CAN BE RETAINED. FLUIDS SERVE TO SUPPORT EXCRETION OF THE TOXICANTS. D. SUPPORTIVE MEASURES ARE ORDINARILY SUFFICIENT FOR SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF EXCESSIVE EXPOSURES TO THESE HERBICIDES. /OTHER HERBICIDES/
[MORGAN DP; RECOGNITION AND MANAGEMENT OF PESTICIDE POISONINGS. 4TH ED, P.88 EPA540/9-88-001. WASHINGTON, DC: U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, MARCH 1989]**PEER REVIEWED**


Animal Toxicity Studies:

Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts:

NON-PHYTOTOXIC TO CEREALS. BEES EXPOSED TO SPRAY WERE UNAFFECTED BY 1000 PPM PURE CHLORFLURAZOLE AS AQUEOUS SUSPENSION OR SODIUM SALT SOLN, BUT WERE KILLED BY 4000 PPM. ... AN UNCOUPLER OF OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION CAUSING 50% UNCOUPLING OF RAT LIVER MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AT 6X10-7 MOLAR ALSO STIMULATING ATPASE ACTIVITY & CELL RESPIRATION.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Metabolism/Pharmacokinetics:

Metabolism/Metabolites:

YIELDS 4,5-DICHLORO-6-HYDROXY-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE & 4,5-DICHLORO-7-HYDROXY-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE IN RABBIT & RAT. /FROM TABLE/
[Goodwin, B.L. Handbook of Intermediary Metabolism of Aromatic Compounds. New York: Wiley, 1976.,p. D-26]**PEER REVIEWED**

MICROSOMAL MIXED FUNCTION OXIDASES OF MOUSE LIVER HYDROXYLATED THE BENZENE MOIETY OF CHLOROFLUORAZOLE. URINE OF RATS ADMIN 1.5 MG ORALLY CONTAINED 6-HYDROXY-4,5-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE CONJUGATES MAJOR, 7-HYDROXY-4,5-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE CONJUGATES MINOR, & 5-HYDROXY-4,6-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE CONJUGATES MINOR.
[BOWKER DW, CASIDA JE; J AGRIC FOOD CHEM 17 (5): 956-66 (1969)]**PEER REVIEWED**

1ST 24-HR URINARY METAB AFTER ORAL ADMIN TO RABBITS & RATS CONTAINED AFTER ACID HYDROLYSIS 7-HYDROXY-4,5-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE, 6-HYDROXY-4,5-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE, & 6,7-DIOXO-4,5-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE GLUCURONIDES & SULFATES
[FLOCKHART IR ET AL; BIOCHEM J 110 (3): 32-3 (1968)]**PEER REVIEWED**


Absorption, Distribution & Excretion:

FOLLOWING ORAL ADMIN TO RATS & RABBITS OF (14)C-LABELED 4,5-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE, (14)C WAS EXCRETED IN THE URINE IN 3 DAYS.
[FLOCKHART IR ET AL; BIOCHEM J 110 (3): 32-3 (1968)]**PEER REVIEWED**


Pharmacology:

Environmental Fate & Exposure:

Environmental Standards & Regulations:

Chemical/Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula:

C8-H3-Cl2-F3-N2
**PEER REVIEWED**


Molecular Weight:

255.03
[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. Registry ofToxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). National Library of Medicine's current MEDLARS file.,p. 85/7901]**PEER REVIEWED**


Color/Form:

CRYSTALLINE SOLID, FORMING FINE WHITE NEEDLES WHEN PURE.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Melting Point:

213-214 DEG C
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient:

3.49
[Hansch, C. and A. Leo. The Log P Database. Claremont, CA: Pomona College, June 1984.]**PEER REVIEWED**


Solubilities:

69 PPM IN WATER @ 25 DEG C; SPARINGLY SOL IN METHYL NAPHTHALENE & BENZENE; SOL UP TO 25% IN ETHANOL, ETHER, CHLOROFORM, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, GLYCEROL FORMAL, METHYL NAPHTHALENE; VERY SOL IN ACETONE.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Vapor Pressure:

4X10-5 MM HG @ 22.5 DEG C
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Other Chemical/Physical Properties:

NO DETECTABLE HYDROLYSIS IN AQ ACID OR ALKALI & NO REACTION AT ROOM TEMP WITH NORMAL LAB OXIDIZING AGENTS.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**

Brownish /Commercial material/
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**

THE 1-HYDROGEN HAS ACIDIC PROPERTIES (PKA 6.96) FORMING WATER-SOL ALKALI METAL AND AMMONIUM SALTS.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Chemical Safety & Handling:

Stability/Shelf Life:

... VOLATILITY LOW ... AQUEOUS SALT FORMULATIONS ARE BELIEVED CHEMICALLY STABLE IN AIR.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Occupational Exposure Standards:

Manufacturing/Use Information:

Major Uses:

HERBICIDE
[Farm Chemicals Handbook 1993. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1993.,p. C-76]**PEER REVIEWED**


General Manufacturing Information:

FORMERLY MANUFACTURED BY FISONS LTD.
[Farm Chemicals Handbook 1984. Willoughby, Ohio: Meister Publishing Co., 1984.,p. C-51]**PEER REVIEWED**

INCOMPATIBILITIES: AQUEOUS SALT FORMULATIONS ARE COMPATIBLE WITH SIMILARLY FORMULATED HORMONE WEED KILLERS & WITH TRIAZINES, BUT AMINE SALTS OF HORMONE HERBICIDES ARE NOT COMPATIBLE WITH CHLORFLURAZOLE. ... TREATMENT CAUSES SCORCHING & DRYING OUT OF SUSCEPTIBLE FOLIAGE WITHIN 2-6 DAYS. CHLORFLURAZOLE IS AN ACTIVE UNCOUPLER OF PHOSPHORYLATION IN PLANTS, & IT ALSO APPEARS TO INHIBIT THE HILL REACTION.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**

INCOMPATIBILITIES: ON ACCOUNT OF THE ALKALINITY, AQUEOUS SALT FORMULATIONS SHOULD NOT BE MIXED WITH VERY ALKALI-UNSTABLE FUNGICIDES OR INSECTICIDES.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Formulations/Preparations:

CHLORFLURAZOLE 5, CONTAINING 20% OF SODIUM SALT INTENDED FOR USE ON FLAX. CHLORFLURAZOLE W, CONTAINING 20% OF SODIUM SALT & WETTING AGENT, INTENDED FOR USE ON CEREALS. MIXTURES WITH /4-CHLORO-2-METHYLPHENOXYACETIC ACID/ (MCPA) 1 LB CHLORFLURAZOLE LA; 1.5 LB CHLORFLURAZOLE LB; 2.0 LB CHLORFLURAZOLE LC; EACH CONTAINING 1 LB MCPA.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Laboratory Methods:

Analytic Laboratory Methods:

GLC, USING FLAME IONIZATION DETECTION, MOST CONVENIENTLY FOLLOWING 1-METHYLATION /FOR THE DETERMINATION IF CHLOROFLUORAZOLE/.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


Special References:

Synonyms and Identifiers:

Synonyms:

BENZIMIDAZOLE, 4,5-DICHLORO-2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-
**PEER REVIEWED**

1H-BENZIMIDAZOLE, 4,5-DICHLORO-2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-
**PEER REVIEWED**

CHLORFLURAZOLE
**PEER REVIEWED**

CHLOROFLURAZOLE
**PEER REVIEWED**

4,5-DICHLORO-2-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE
**PEER REVIEWED**

4,5-Dichloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazole
**PEER REVIEWED**

NC 3363
**PEER REVIEWED**


Formulations/Preparations:

CHLORFLURAZOLE 5, CONTAINING 20% OF SODIUM SALT INTENDED FOR USE ON FLAX. CHLORFLURAZOLE W, CONTAINING 20% OF SODIUM SALT & WETTING AGENT, INTENDED FOR USE ON CEREALS. MIXTURES WITH /4-CHLORO-2-METHYLPHENOXYACETIC ACID/ (MCPA) 1 LB CHLORFLURAZOLE LA; 1.5 LB CHLORFLURAZOLE LB; 2.0 LB CHLORFLURAZOLE LC; EACH CONTAINING 1 LB MCPA.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 107]**PEER REVIEWED**


RTECS Number:

NIOSH/DD7350000


Administrative Information:

Hazardous Substances Databank Number: 2764

Last Revision Date: 20010809

Last Review Date: Reviewed by SRP on 12/10/1993


Update History:

Complete Update on 08/09/2001, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/08/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/02/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 09/21/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 03/19/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 09/11/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 06/02/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/27/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/26/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 04/23/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 01/27/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 05/11/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 01/24/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 12/28/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 04/16/1994, 15 fields added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 03/25/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field update on 12/26/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 01/28/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field update on 03/06/1990, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 12/19/1989, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/03/1986