FLUORIDE ACTION NETWORK PESTICIDE PROJECT
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1972 - 1973 Fluoride Abstracts.
| Abstracts
for the following years: Part 1 - mainly biochemistry and physiology (brain, hormonal, G-proteins, etc.) Part 2 ("b") - all other |
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1970
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1973. Neuropharmacology. 12:815Ð819.
Effects of diazepam on epileptiform patterns of bioelectrical activity of the rabbit brain induced by fluostigmine [DFP].
Rump S, Grudzinska E, Edelwein Z.As cited in: 1997. Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare. Chapter 5 NERVE AGENTS by Frederick R. Sidell, M.D. Published by the Office of The Surgeon General at TMM Publications, Borden Institute, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.
http://www.nbc-med.org/SiteContent/HomePage/WhatsNew/MedAspects/Ch-5electrv699.pdf
1972. Act Nerv Super. 14:176Ð177.
Rump S, Grudzinska E, Edelwein Z.
Effects of diazepam on abnormalities of bioelectrical activity of the
rabbitÕs brain due to fluostigmine [DFP].
As cited in: 1997. Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare. Chapter 5 NERVE AGENTS by Frederick R. Sidell, M.D. Published by the Office of The Surgeon General at TMM Publications, Borden Institute, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.
http://www.nbc-med.org/SiteContent/HomePage/WhatsNew/MedAspects/Ch-5electrv699.pdf
J Neurochem 1972 Sep;19(9):2107-18
Effects of sodium fluoroacetate on the metabolism of N-acetylaspartate and aspartate in mouse brain.
Nadler JV, Horwitch P, Cooper JR.
PMID: 5072387 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Brain Res 1972 Jul 13;42(1):117-28
Effects of fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate on the metabolic compartmentation of tricarboxylic acid cycle in rat brain slices.
Cheng SC, Kumar S, Casella GA.
PMID: 5047179 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4197911&dopt=AbstractJ Biol Chem 1973 Jul 25;248(14):5114-21
Detergent-dispersed adenylate cyclase from rat brain. Effects of fluoride, cations, and chelators.
Johnson RA, Sutherland EW.
PMID: 4197911 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4357963&dopt=AbstractBr J Pharmacol 1973 Jul;48(3):505-15
The relation of adenyl cyclase to the activity of other ATP utilizing enzymes and phosphodiesterase in preparations of rat brain; mechanism of stimulation of cyclic AMP accumulation by NaF.
Katz S, Tenenhouse A.
PMID: 4357963 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4786693&dopt=AbstractArch Exp Veterinarmed 1973;27(4):667-74
[DDT and fluoride contents in organs of rats with experimental subchronic poisoning]
[Article in German]
Fuchs V, Kuhnert M.
PMID: 4786693 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Gig Sanit 1972; 37:9-12
The mutagenic activity of inorganic fluoride compounds
Guleva EA, Plotko G, Gatiyatullina EZ
(Sverdlovsk USSR)
Excerpt of abstract: The authors concluded that fluoride stimulates the formation of mutagenic metabolites in the organism of rats. They further pointed out that the comparatively weak mutagenic activity of inorganic substances which was observed in these experiments does not detract from their potential genetic danger to humans. With long exposure even weak mutagens can cause considerable damage to the mechanism of inheritance because genetic changes are practically irreversible.
During their experiments the authors also observed development of retardation processes in the central nervous system, supression of the activity of a number of ferments, morphologic changes in the internal organs and tissues. Cryolite in the concentration of 0.5mg/m3, however, revealed no such toxic effects.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5074718&dopt=AbstractAnesthesiology 1972 Oct;37(4):387-94
Uptake, distribution, and excretion of fluorocarbon FX-80 (perfluorobutyl perfluorotetrahydrofuran) during liquid breathing in the dog.
Holaday DA, Fiserova-Bergerova V, Modell JH.
PMID: 5074718 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4669005&dopt=AbstractArch Latinoam Nutr 1972 Jun;22(2):291-308
[Biochemical effects in the prolonged ingestion of fluorides in rats]
[Article in Spanish]
Martin de Portela ML.
PMID: 4669005 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5055405&dopt=AbstractJ Pharmacol Exp Ther 1972 Sep;182(3):464-73
Evidence that in rats 1-benzyl- -methoxy-3-trifluoromethylphenethylamine (SK& F 1-39728) dissociates anorexia from central stimulation and actions on brain monoamine stores.
Groppetti A, Misher A, Naimzada M, Revuelta A, Costa E.
PMID: 5055405 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5038675&dopt=AbstractBiochem Pharmacol 1972 May 1;21(9):1299-307
Disposition and behavioral effects of amphetamine and , -difluoroamphetamine in mice.
Fuller RW, Molloy BB, Roush BW, Hauser KM.
PMID: 5038675 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5034991&dopt=AbstractToxicol Appl Pharmacol 1972 May;22(1):93-6
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in rat brain subcellular fractions following O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate intoxication.
Bajgar J.
PMID: 5034991 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5064873&dopt=AbstractLipids 1972 Apr;7(4):268-71
Methanolysis of cerebrosides with boron trifluoride-methanol.
Moscatelli EA.
PMID: 5064873 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5013045&dopt=AbstractExperientia 1972 Jan 15;28(1):13-4
Inhibition of mammalian acetylcholinesterase by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride.
Alid G, Orrego FG.
PMID: 5013045 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5042378&dopt=Abstract
Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 1972 Jun 1;204(4):1013-6
[Effect of electrolytic destruction of non-specific structures of the anterior thalamus on the formation of convulsive phenomena during sodium fluoroacetate poisoning]
[Article in Russian]
Kirzon MV, Titov SA.
PMID: 5042378 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Fluoride 1972; 5(2):86-88Cacification of the vas deferens in a patient with endemic fluorosis
Case report
SPS Teotia and M Teotia
Medical College, Meerut, India
Summary: A case of endemic skeletal fluorosis with probable secondary hyperparathyroidism is presented in which bilateral calcification of the vas deferens occurred. No symptoms were associated with calcifications of the vas deferens. They were incidental findings on X-rays of the pelvis taken for other reasons.
[Note from FAN:
Definition of ductus deferens - also known as vas deferens:
the secretory duct of the testicle, running from the epididymis, of which it is the continuation, to the prostatic urethra where it terminates as the ejaculatory duct. SYN arteriola glomerularis efferens, deferent duct, spermatic duct, spermiduct, vas deferens.
Ref: Stedman's Concise Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions. Illustrated 4th Edition. 2001. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.]
Arch Oral Biol 1972; 17:371-74
Effect of sodium fluoride on the placenta in the rat
Devoto FCH, Perrotto BM, Bordoni NE, Arias NH
Catedra de Embriologia e Histologia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
The authors studied the effect of fluoride injected intraperitoneally and subcutaneously into rats between the 10th and 18th day of pregnancy. The daily doses were 1, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg body weight of sodium fluoride diluted in saline solution. Five groups of 6 rats each received the injections subcutaneously, five other groups intraperitoneally; another group served as control.
All rats were killed on the 18th day of pregnancy and the heads of the fetuses as well as the placentae were studied histologically and microscopically. In all fluoride-treated groups, higher percentages of intrauterine dead fetuses were found and the placentae were necrotic. The differences in percentage of dead fetuses and necrotic placentae between the fluoride and the saline treated rats were highly significant. The viable fetuses showed no maxillo-facial malformations. A marked post-mortem autolysis was noted in the dead fetuses, in the intrauterine dead and in the necrotic placentae. The placentae of the viable fetuses and of those dead fetuses which were not necrotic, showed no pathology.
The fact that every intrauterine dead fatality was associatd with a necrotic placenta and that no normal placentae were found whenever there was a fetal death, suggested to the authors that the toxic action of fluoride takes place in the placenta and that the fetal mortality resulted from placental damage. The authors believe that the placenta acts as a partial barier to fluoride. They warn however that one must be cautious in applying these results to humans because the human placenta is different from that of the rat and the dog.
Z Gesamte Hygiene 1973; 19:568-570
Studies about fluoride emissions from brown coal-electrical power plants
Dassler HG, Bortitz S, Auermann E
Fluoride 1973; 6(4):189-194
Keynote and historical perspective of organic fluorides in plants
Presented at the Fifth Annual Conference of the International Society for Fluoride Research, Oxford, England, April 1973.
RA Peters
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
Fluoride 1973; 6(4):194-202Metabolism of fluoroacetate by lettuce
PFV Ward
Department of Biochemistry, Agricultural Research Council, Institute of Animal Physiology, Babraham, Cambridge UK
Fluoride 1973; 6(4):203-215Presence of fluoroorganic compounds in higher plants
Miller GW, Yu MH, Psenak M*
Huxley College, Western Washington State College, Bellingham, Washington
*Visiting Professor from Comenious University, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bratislava, CzechoslovakiaSummary: A number of exotic plants are known to contain fluororganic compounds. The toxic component of more than a dozen plant species is known to be fluoroacetate. Indirect evidence using extraction with non-polar solvents combined with paper chromatography, inhibition of aconitase and infra-red spectrometry indicated the presence of fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate in soybean and crested wheat grass exposed to atmospheric fluoride.
Gas chromatographic analyses of organic acids isolated from crested wheat grass collected from areas of high atmospheric fluoride pollution showed the presence of two peaks that corresponded with the methyl esters of authentic fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate. The study also showed that the organic acid pattern in fluoride-exposed plants was significantly changed compared to control tissue.
Fluoride 1973; 6(4):215-224Clinical, pathological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of fluoroacetate research in animals
MN Egyed
Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Excerpt: In the fifties and at the beginning of the sixties, most cases of large-scale poisoning of livestock in Israel, especially sheep, were due to thallium which was used as a rodenticide. This rodenticide was withdrawn from the market at the request of various authorities and was replaced by another supposedly less harmful one called fluoroacetamide. In an attempt to solve one problem, another one was created as bad or worse than one we were trying to correct. However, at that time, we did not know the details concerning the two incidents of organofluoride poisoning in England which occurred in 1963. In one case, an entire herd of cattle had to be slaughtered in Kent; in a second case, meat from a poisoned pony sold for animal consumption resulted in illness or death to about 100 dogs and cows which had eaten it. Only after a long investigation based on circumstantial, clinical, pathological and laboratory evidence was it established that the first case of poisoning was due to an organically bound fluoride compound, obviously fluoroacetamide, which was manufactured in a nearby factory, the effluents of which had contaminated the pasture (1, 2). As a result of these incidents, the use of fluoroacetamide (FAA) and sodium fluoroacetate (FAC) is permitted in England only in ships and sewers. In Israel the situation is somewhat different. Despite the fact that only licensed pest control operators are permitted to use FAA, since its introduction many incidents of poisoning have been diagnosed in our laboratory, mainly in sheep, but also in cattle, horses, dogs, cats, and even in seals. Under these circumstances as much information as possible was gathered on the symptomatology, pathology, laboratory diagnosis and therapy of FAA and to some extent of FAC poisoning... ... It is noteworthy that low daily doses of FAA (50 mg/kg food) fed to rats for 30 to 90 days cause testicular degeneration (18). This finding has been confirmed in guinea pigs and in a young ram (19).
Fluoride 1973; 6(4):224-247Metabolic effects of fluoroacetate poisoning in animals
Buffa P, Guarriero-Bobyleva V*, Costa-Tiozzo R
Istituto di Patologia Generale
* Istituto di Chimica Biologica della Universita di Modena, ItalyThe metabolic changes caused by fluroacetate poisoning are discussed in the light of the present knowledge on cell biochemistry.
Fluoride 1973; 6(3):127-137Fluoride pollution in Montana
CE Carlson
United States Forest Service, Missoula, Montana
Summary: In 1970 an intensive study of the effect of airborne fluorides on vegetation was initiated in the vicinity of an aluminum production plant in northwestern Montana [Anaconda Aluminum Company near the city of Columbia Falls] . Fluorides greater than control levels (10 ppm) were found in vegetation over a region of 214,000 acreas and visual fluoride injury to conifers occurred in an area comprising 69,000 acres. Histological reactions characteristic of elevated fluoride levels occurred in conifer needle tissue, including hypertrophy of parenchymatous tissue. Forest insects were found to accumulate fluorides. Analyses of predaceous insects for fluoride indicated that fluorides are likely to be carried through the food chain.
Even though the company reduced fluoride emissions by 67 percent between 1970 and 1971, data collected in 1971 indicated that vegetation in Glacier National Park, 7 air miles distant from the source, was still accumulating abnormal amounts of fluoride. This paper is a summary of a detailed report (1) released in 1970.
Fluoride 1973; 6(3):138-142Clinical and histochemical examinations of the nasal mucosa in aluminum workers
Golusinski J, Szmeja Z, Sowinski H
Department of Otolaryngology and the Institute of Neurology and Sensory Organs, Medical Academy, Poznan, Poland
Summary: The authors examined the nasal mucosa in 130 workers of an aluminum plant exposed to hydrogen fluoride (HF). In 30% of these workers, chronic inflammatory changes were observed in the nasal mucosa, either hypertrophic or atrophic rhinitis, biopsy specimens of septal mucosa were examined histologically. In the patients with hypertrophic rhinitis, numerous inflammatory infiltrates were observed consisting of mononuclear cells. The blood vessels were dilated and extravasations of erythrocytes were noted. The connective tissue stroma showed evidence of edema and hyperactivity of the sero-mucous glands. In the atrophic mucosa, fibrosis and hyalinization of connective tissue stroma was seen associated with moderate inflammatory infiltrates and evidence of hypoactivity of the glands.
Fluoride 1973; 6(3):143-151Further observations on endemic fluoride-induced osteopathies in children
M Teotia and SPS Teotia
Department of Human Metabolism, L.L.R.M., Medical College, Meerut University, Meerut, India
Summary: Fluoro-osteopathy has been described in four children aged 6 or above. These observations contrast with the concept that skeletal fluorosis cannot develop prior to 10 to 20 years of high fluoride intake. The pathogenesis and the mechanism underlying the causation of this disease is discussed on the basis of the occurrence of skeletal fluorosis in growing children. Since skeletal fluorosis is a preventable disorder, it is important to either recognize it or consider it in the differential diagnosis of each bone and joint disease in a child residing in an endemic area.
Fluoride 1973; 6(3):151-154Urinary fluoride elimination and fluoride deposition in bones and teeth of the rats afer inhalation
G Balazova
Research Institute of Hygiene, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Fluoride 1973; 6(3):154-162Effect of sodium fluoride on the enzymatic hydrolysis of exaphosphate of myo-inositol in the germination of Vicia Faba L.
I Hauskrecht and J Navara
Institute of Landscape Biology of the Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Summary: In this study the effect of various concentrations of NaF in the substrate on the level of some phosphates during the germination of Vicia faba seeds was investigated. Changes of the phosphorus content of hexaphosphate of yo-inositol, nucleic acids, 2-phosphoglyceric acid, P-esters of monasaccharides and free inorganic orthophosphate were studied. The fluoride ion caused a significant decrease in enzymatic hydrolysis of hexaphosphate of myo-inositol during the course of seed germination and a gradual decrease of phosphorus content of nucleic acids, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, P-esters of monosaccharides and free inorganic orthophosphate. The current results indicate that the inhibition of the enzymatic hydrolysis of hexaphosphate of myo-inositol by the fluorine ion constitutes an important factor in influencing the phosphorus metabolism in the initial phase of ontogenesis.
Fluoride 1973; 6(3):162-178Biochemical and biophysical investigation into growth and aging of corn seedlings treated with fluoride
CW Chang
Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
Summary: The current series of data provides evidence for the interpretation that fluoride-induced growth retardation and aging are processes controlled by changes directly related to protein formation and by changes at the site of protein synthesis, respectively. These changes are decreases in the content of total and ribosomal RNA, alteration of ribonsomal components, and a shift in ribosomal distribution from polysomes to smaller particles. The factors responsible for these findings are the accumulation of ATP, the activationof ribonuclease activity in roots, and the inhibition of phytase activity in endosperm-scutellar tissues.
Fluoride 1973; 6(2):73-78Accurate fluoride determinations throughout polluted fir needles
Garrec JP, Bligny R, Bisch A, and Fourcy A
Department de Recherche Fondamentale, Laboratoire de Biologie Vegetale, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
Summary: By means of a new analytical method in plant biology, microanalysis by proton nuclear reaction, fluoride assays were made of the surface tissues of polluted needles of fir trees. Two distinct peaks of fluoride accumulation were established: the first in the extreme tip of the needle's necrotic area, the second in the narrow strip with separates the healthy from the injured tissue. The magnitude of these two accumulations and the distribution of fluoride throughout the needle is related to the age of the needle. The amounts of fluoride differ depending upon which side of the needle is measured: the upper surface takes up more fluoride than the lower one.
Fluoride 1973; 6(2):78-83Fluoride uptake in humans
E Auermann
Hygiene-Institut, Karl-Marx-Stadt, Germany
Summary: On the basis of fluoride balance studies the author casts light upon the wide variations in fluoride uptake in humans. Ingestion of fluoride is not distributed evenly throughout the day but rises with luncheon and dinner. It also increases with intake of high caloric food. With introduction of generalized water fluoridation the total daily fluoride uptake from food increases gradually from 0.4 to 2 mg in a "low" fluoride (0.18 ppm) area, to 0.6 to 4.8 mg in a fluoridated community. Food which is not produced in but is consumed in a fluoridated area accumulates fluoride. Fish and seafood which are high in fluoride and are ingested in excess by inhabitants of the sea coast must also be taken into account in evaluating total fluoride uptake.
Fluoride 1973; 6(2):84-93The concept of biological liquid oxgenation: extracorporeal blood oxgenation
PS Malchesky and Y Nose
Department of Artificial Organs, Division of Research, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio
Fluoride 1973; 6(2):94-100Blood oxygenation by intracorporal liquid breathing with fluorocarbons
R Rifer
Max-Planck-Institut fuer Experimentelle Medizin, Abteilung Physiologie, Goettingen, Germany
Fluoride 1973; 6(2):101-106Long-term effects of fluorocarbon breathing on tissue metabolism
HL Spitzer and G Sachs
Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine and Gastroenterolgy, University of Alabama in Birmingham
Fluoride 1973; 6(2):113-117Mutagenic effects of sodium and stannous fluoride upon Drosophilia melanogaster
B Mitchell and RA Gerdes
Biology Department, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas
Summary: Drosophila melanogaster were used to test the mutagenicity of sodium and stannous fluorides. LD50 determinations were made for each compound. The LD50 for sodium fluoride was 4.8%. However, stannous fluoride's low solubility in water prevented high lethal levels. A direct correlation between the treatment concentration and the frequency of the sex-linked recessive lethals was observed. These data demonstrate that under these test conditions sodium and stannous fluorides are mutagenic to Drosophila melanogaster.
Fluoride 1973; 6(1):1-3Editorial: Is fluoride an essential element?
An overview of published studies from 1933 of experiments designed to determine whether fluoride is essential for nutrition.
Fluoride 1973; 6(1):4-18Endemic fluorosis in Punjab. 1. Skeletal aspect.
Jolly SS, Prasad S, Sharma R, Chander R
Medical College, University of Patiala, India
Summary: In extensive surveys of ten villages from a known hyperendemic fluorosis area of Punjab namely the Bhatinda and Sangrur Districts an effort was made to examine each individual and to take x-rays on as many as possible. A very high incidence of dental (44 to 81%) and skeletal (2.8 to 81%) fluorosis was observed but no strict correlation between the two manifestations could be established. Crippling and neurological fluorosis occurred much more frequently in men than in women.
The chief factors which determine fluoride toxicity are the fluoride concentrations in drinking water and the duration of exposure to this hazard. Yet in spite of identical concentrations of fluoride in water, variations in the incidence of the disease occurred. They were related to other chemical constituents of drinking water which are protective against the development of fluorosis such as magnesium, calcium and total hardness. Physical stress which was chiefly responsible for the severity of disease in men was also responsible for the neurological complication. Malnutrition played no etiological role in this disease. Food grown in the fluorotic soil did not provide a significant quantity of fluoride.
Fluoride 1973; 6(1):19-32A review of the effect of fluoride ion on adenyl cyclase
D Kornegay and S Pennington
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medcine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
Summary: Since its discovery and identification in 1957, the compound adenosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate (C-AMP) has played an ever increasing role in the elucidation of a multitude of biochemical pathways. The enzyme adenyl cyclase catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to C-AMP and has been a primary area of research interest.
One of the unifying points in the vast amount of reserch has been the positive response of adenyl cyclase to the addition of low concentrations of fluoride. A stimulation effect for the addition of fluoride appears to be almost univesal, at least for the particle-bound enzyme, but certain variations exist. Current investigations are underway to study the effect of fluoride. It appears that the mechanism of the stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity by fluoride differs from that of a variety of hormonally-active organic compounds.
Fluoride 1973; 6(1):33-41The differential diagnosis of fluoride damage to plants
K Garber
State's Institute for Applied Botany, Hamburg, Germany
Summary: Several typical criteria of symptoms caused by emission of damaging pollutants upon plants are demonstrated. Not all symptoms point unequivocably upon the effect of a particular pollutant. For the diagnosis of damage by air pollutants upon plants the most important criterion is the chemical analysis of leaves in conjuntion with such methods as the examination by ultraviolet light on the quartz lamps and the analysis of air and rain water.
Fluoride 1973; 6(1):41-48Toxicity of the metabolites of fluorinated anesthetics
PH Rosenberg and MM Airaksinen
Department of Pharmacology and Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
Summary: Studies of the metabolism of fluorinated anesthetics have revealed more toxic agents than the parent compounds. Both in the case of halothane and methoxyflurane the metabolic products induce tissue damage, although with low frequency, and probably each with quite different mechanisms. Because the metabolism of these two widely used inhalation anesthetics can occur instantaneously, repeated anesthetics at short intervals may be dangerous. Therefore, the development of fluorinated anesthetics which are not metabolized in the body should be a progressive step in the direction of anesthetic safety.
JAMA 1972; 222:783-85
Renal failure and fluorosis
LI Juncos and JJV Donadio Jr.
JAMA 1972; 222:816-17
Acute sodium fluoride poisoning
Abukurah AR, Moser AM, Baird CL, Randall Jr RE, Setter JG, Blanke RV
Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
Excerpt: The authors described the case of a 25 year-old Negro who had ingested 120 gm of roach powder (97% sodium fluoride) in a suicide attempt. This case is remarkable because it is probably the largest dose of the drug ever ingested by man without a fatal outcome. (In former fatal cases the dose has ranged from about 1 to 5 gms - Ed.). Furthermore the treatment instituted is undoubbtedly the most complete and effective ever reported...
NOTE: Martin Rodbell (author of this report) and Alfred G. Gilman shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for the discovery of "G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."
Fed Proc 1973 Aug;32(8):1854-8
The problem of identifying the glucagon receptor.
Rodbell M.
PMID: 4352450 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
NOTE: Martin Rodbell (co-author of this report) and Alfred G. Gilman shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for the discovery of "G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."
J Biol Chem 1973 Jul 25;248(14):4901-4
Inhibition by fluoride ion of hormonal activation of fat cell adenylate cyclase.
Harwood JP, Rodbell M.
PMID: 4352181 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
NOTE: Martin Rodbell (author of this report) and Alfred G. Gilman shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for the discovery of "G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."
Neurosci Res Program Bull 1973 Jun;11(3):211-5
Molecular mechanisms of hormone receptors.
Rodbell M.
PMID: 4351989 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Biochim Biophys Acta 1973 Nov 29;326(2):262-71
Fluoroacetylcarnitine: metabolism and metabolic effects in mitochondria.
Bremer J, Davis EJ.
PMID: 4765103 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1973 Sep;26(1):93-102
Differential toxicity of monochloroacetate, monofluoroacetate and monoiodoacetate in rats.
Hayes FD, Short RD, Gibson JE.
PMID: 4748142 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Br J Ind Med 1973 Jul;30(3):253-8
A review of agricultural pesticide incidents in man in England and Wales, 1952-71.
Hearn CE.
PMID: 4737427 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Chem Educ 1973 Jul;50(7):460-2
Fluoroacetate toxicity.
Gribble GW.
PMID: 4711243 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Fluoride 1972; 5(4):182-199Histological changes of human fluorosis, experimental fluorosis in animal and osteoporosis following sodium fluoride therapy.
J Franke
Orthopedic Hospital of the Martin-Luther University, Germany
Summary: The histology of the bone changes in a case of severe industrial fluorosis and in oher less advanced cases is described. The findings are compared with those in rats fed 10 and 20 mg NaF/kg/body weight daily during a 2 year period. After 2 to 4 months, new endosteal and periosteal bone showed incomplete ossification and irregular matrix. After 6 to 8 months the cortical bone became spongious and porotic. Nine individuals with osteoporosis received sodium fluoride treatment for 14 to 24 months. In 8, doses of 30 to 60 mg NaF per day produced a distinct increase in bone mass. The various phases in the development of the new bone are described. Endosteal apposition with transition of the newly formed fibrous bone into lamellar bone formation of osteophytes and thickening of the trabeculae of the spongiosa are demonstrated. Excessive resorption in the form of spongiosation of the corticalis and formation of atypical new bone was observed.
Fluoride 1972; 5(1):4-14Experimental study of the toxicity of a fluoroalkene derivative, the Hexafluorodichlorobutene (HFCB)
Truhaut R, Boudene C, Jouany JM, Bouant A
Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite de Paris, France
Fluoride 1972; 5(1):29-31The effect of fluoride upon the serum-phosphatase
S Tanaka
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Japan
Fluoride 1972; 5(2):67-74Effect of HF on the fine structure of mesophyll cells from Glycine Max, Merr [Soybean, variety Corsoy]
LL Wei and GW Miller
Huxley College, Western Washington State College, Bellingham, Washington
Fluoride 1972; 5(2):82-84Content of fluorine in some foods and beverages consumed in Chile
Schmidt-Hebbel H*, Pennacchiotti I, Truhaut R**, Boudeue C, Jimenez A, Torres E, Lopez M
* Dept. of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Chile
** Chair of Toxicology, Faculte de Pharmacie, Paris, FranceSummary: The authors assayed levels of the fluoride content of some Chilean foods and beverages. In beverages fluoride averaged from 0.4 to 1.15 ppm, in shellfish from 1.46 to 3.4 ppm, in fish from 1.75 to 5.17 ppm and in fruit from 0.3 to 1.0 ppm. Separation of fluoride from food was made by distillation and by a special microdiffusion technique. The quantitative determination was based on the zircone-alizarine complex method.
Fluoride 1972; 5(2):89-91Fluoride intake from food
A Rippel
Research Institut for Hygiene, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Summary: In order to evaluate the safety of food grown near a Czechoslovakian aluminum smelter, grain and vegetables were assayed for their fluoride content at varying distances from the smelter during a 10-year period. At a distance of 100 meters downwind, the fluoride levels in grain varied between 6.34 and 19.64 m/kg. At a 500 meter distance, the average values were 35%, and at one kilometer, 15% of the above values. The fluoride content of green parsley leaves was 11.57 ppm (control 0.66), of the roots 0.08 (conrol 0.03) and of the outer surface of root 0.12 ppm (control 0.03 ppm).
Fluoride 1972; 5(2):92-99Special Report
The ecological aspect of fluoride
Opening Address at the 4th Meeting of the International Society for Fluoride Research. The Hague. October 1971.
JR Marier
Enviironmental Secretariat, Biology Division, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada
NOTE: Martin Rodbell (co-author of this report) and Alfred G. Gilman shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for the discovery of "G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."
J Biol Chem 1972 Apr 10;247(7):2038-43
The glucagon-sensitive adenylate cyclase system in plasma membranes of rat liver. VII. Hormonal stimulation: reversibility and dependence on concentration of free hormone.
Birnbaumer L, Pohl SL, Rodbell M, Sundby F.
PMID: 5016642 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Vrachebnoe Delo 1972; 8:129-131
Fesenko NP, Brodsky OB, Volkova VM
(Krivoy Rog, Russia)
Of 1141 workers in an electrolysis factory who were examined, 827 received X-ray studies. 310 or 36.4% of whom revealed changes in the bones and joints. The long bones of the forearms and legs as well as the pelvic bones showed osteosclerosis and hyperostosis. In 159 workers or 22.3%, spondylosis and osteochrondosis deformans were detected in workers of the electrolysis and anodizing departments. In 30 individuals most of whom were employed in the two departments, the diagnosis fluorosis was made. The patients with fluorosis manifested disorders of the upper respiratory tract, of vascular dysfunction, toxic hepatitis and astheno-vegetative syndrome.
Journal of Occupational Medicine 1972; 14:925-26
Gallium fluoride poisoning: a probable case with skin effects and neurological sequelae
JW Meigs
Yale Health Service and the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University, Connecticut
A 43 year-old white female chemist was exposed to fumes from a vial of gallium fluoride crystals into which she had poured distilled water. She developed petechial hemorrhages on the right wrist and forearm. The following day she complained of pain on the right side of her neck, in the right shoulder and along the radial surface of the upper arm and forearm. This condition was associated with abdominal cramps and was followed by clumsiness of the right hand. About a month after exposure she was unable to pick up books or a bottle of milk with her right hand. The pain in the right arm had been decreasing gradually but weakness persisted for six weeks. The diagnosis was mild radial palsy of the muscles supplied by the deep branch of the radial nerve in the forearm and weakness of the extensors of the wrist. The condition gradually subsided.
The element gallium is not considered particularly toxic and no reports of it as an occupational hazard are available. The author postulated that hydrogen fluoride had formed. Complexed with gallium it had affected the nerve tissue of the arm.
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