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Due
to the number of reports, the following
are the categories we present them.
(Note: these reports were cited on Toxline
at Toxnet in April 2005) |
Fluoride
(all reports except Canada) |
Fluoride:
CANADA |
Fluoride
in the
Nuclear Industry |
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Note:
many of the
Canadian communities
cited in these reports
border the US. |
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Note:
this is a selected
list of reports. |
NTIS
Reports can be ordered by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S.
customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900;
and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port
Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA.
|
Order
Number
Source
Number |
Date
Published / Title / Author & Affiliation / Sponsor Agency |
Abstract
/Keywords |
NTIS/PB83-226837
66p |
1983.
Identification of the water Quality Factors Which
Prevent Fingernail Clams from Recolonizing the Illinois River
- Phase 3.
Authors:
Sparks RE
Sandusky MJ
Paparo AA
Illinois
Univ. at Urbana-Champaign. Water Resources Center.
Illinois Natural History Survey, Havana. River Research Lab. |
The purpose
of this research was to determine why fingernail clams have
been unable to recolonize a 100-mile reach of the Illinois River
where they were abundant prior to a die-off in the 1950's. Fingernail
clams are major links in food chains leading from detritus and
algae to higher level consumers valued by man, such as fish
and water fowl. Three suspected toxicants--fluoride,
lead and cadmium--and sediments from the reach where the die-off
occurred were tested on intact fingernail clams (Musculium transversum)
and gill preparations isolated from the clams. Results indicate
that the sublethal response exhibited by the gills to fluoride
is at least four times more sensitive than the lethal response.
The results of the gill assay suggest that sediments in the
Illinois River contain unidentified toxic factors and that sediments
in the upper river, closer to the metropolitan areas of Joliet
and Chicago, are more toxic than sediments further downstream.
Final rept., See also PB81-209116.
Prepare |
NTIS/DE83011105,
68p |
1983.
Investigation
of Occupational Illnesses at the 222-S Building on December
8, 1982.
Authors:
Louk WL
Hevland ME
Lilly AW
Owens GC
Atomics
International Div., Richland, WA. Rockwell Hanford Operations. |
On the
afternoon of December 8, 1982, three Rockwell Chemical Technologists,
B, D, and E, were transported to Kadlec Hospital with varying
degrees of dermatitis and respiratory problems. One chemical
technologist was held overnight and released to return to work
on December 13, 1982. The other two were not released until
December 16, 1982, and continuing ill effects have prevented
their return to work. The chemical technologists'
symptoms developed initially during a sodium fluoride repackaging
operation in Room 4M of the 222-S Analytical Laboratory. The
sodium fluoride was being repackaged from a 25-lb box of the
material into 500-g quart ice cream cartons. The repackaging
was done inside a chemical fume hood. The closed cartons were
removed from the hood and sealed with tape on a laboratory bench.
Procedurally, the final taping was to be done in the hood. Events
and causal factors associated with the incident are summarized.
It is concluded that extreme sensitivity of the three individuals
to [abstract truncated] |
NTIS/EUR-8408
77p |
1983.
Critical Study of Measurement Methods for Fluoride Emissions
to the Atmosphere Used in the Main Fluoride Emitting Industries.
Authors:
Macken K
Reilly M
Commission
of the European Communities, Luxembourg. |
Gaseous
and particulate emissions containing fluoride arise from the
following industries: primary aluminum production, iron and
steel making, phosphate processing, clay firing, and glass making.
The physical and chemical properties of the emissions are detailed
and current legislative requirements in EEC countries and Norway
are examined. Methods of sampling emissions and analytical procedures
used by the different industries are reviewed with reference
to the literature and compared. It is found that isokinetic
sampling, using an inert material such as stainless steel for
components, is advisable. Analytically, the two main possibilities
are the selective ion electrode or a colorimetric method, but
preference is given to the former because of its simplicity.
An appendix contains the European Primary Aluminium Association's
methods and the Norwegian reference method. Final
rept. |
NTIS/OTS0215254
EPA/OTS;
Doc #878221503 |
1983.
EXPERIMENTAL DATA REPORT WITH SUMMARY SHEET & CONTROL DATA
WITH COVER LETTER DATED 12/12/83 |
CONFIDENTIAL
ARYL PHOSPHATES
HEALTH EFFECTS
BIOCHEMISTRY
MAMMALS
HUMANS
IN VITRO
CAS Registry
Numbers:
62-73-7
109-43-3
115-86-6
117-81-7
141-78-6
701-64-4
838-85-7
7681-49-4 |
NTIS/DE84780382
U.S. Sales
Only.
23p |
1983.
Measurements of Fluoride Concentration in the Narssaq River
in Connection with Tunnel Mining at Kvanefjeld 1979-81.
Author:
Soerensen A
Risoe
National Lab., Roskilde (Denmark). |
The Ilimaussaq
intrusion contains the water soluble mineral Villiaumite
(NaF). The estimated content is
21 000 ton of NaF (10 000 ton of F). An estimated 175 Ton NaF
is transported annually to the Narssaq bay through the Narssaq
river. A measurement programme was set up before the
tunnel work was begun and the programme was conducted until
one year after in order to demonstrate wether the concentration
of NaF in the river water was increased by the tunnel work.
The concentration was measured periodically up streams and down
streams of the working area. It was found that the concentrations
in the two points varied greatly over the year.
In summertime with high water discharge the concentration was
around 2.5 ppm F, whereas in wintertime with low water discharge
the concentrations reach values as high as 30 ppm F in both
points. However the ratio between the concentrations
in the two points was fairly constant through the whole period.
This indicates that the tunnel work has not caused any measura
[abstract truncated] |
NTIS/DE84000854
29p |
1983.
Dose-Response Effects of Fluoride in Mammalian Species.
Author:
Smith FA
Rochester
Univ., NY. Dept. of Radiation Biology and Biophysics.
Supporting
Agency: Rochester Univ., NY. School
of Medicine and Dentistry
Department of Energy, Washington, DC. |
In man
and in other species, a number of undesirable effects have been
attributed to fluoride. Since most of these have not been investigated
systematically in human subjects, it is often unclear to what
extent, if any, fluoride is responsible. Proper dose-response
information is lacking. A review of the literature describing
some of the better investigated effects of fluoride in man indicates
that in residents of the United States: (1) growth is unaffected
by waterborne fluoride concentrations of 5 mg F/liter; (2) no
renal effects are seen at concentrations of 8 mg F/liter; (3)
no increase in skeletal density, as detected on x-ray films,
is produced by concentrations of 4 mg F/liter; (4) no increase
in the incidence of cardiovascular disease is observed at concentrations
of 8 mg F/liter. These concentrations, however, cannot be considered
as thresholds. (ERA citation 08:057681) 17. annual conference
on trace substances in environmental health, Columbia, MO, USA,
13 Jun 1983.
Keywords: |
NTIS/AD-A168
695/5
87p |
1983.
Field Applicable Method to Reduce Dental Emergencies.
Authors:
Tinanoff N
Connecticut
Univ. Health Center, Farmington. School of Dental Medicine. |
Humans,
who were regarded as potentially caries active, rinsed twice
a day with either acidulated sodium fluoride or stanous flouride
mouthrinses, adjusted to 200 ppm F-. There was a small but significant
reduction in Total CFU per l saliva in both groups after a year.
No differences were found in lactobacilli counts between the
2 mouthrinse groups or longitudinally within the groups. Selective
reduction in Streptococcus mutans was found in those subjects
rinsing with SnF2. At the end of 1 year, the SnF2 group had
less (26 times) fewer S. mutans compared to the baseline. All
patients continued to be caries active after one year despite
the use of two daily fluoride mouthrinses; however, the subjects
rinsing with SnF2 developed approximately half the number of
new carious lesions to those subjects rinsing with acidulated
NaF. This study did find that SnF2 was an adjunct in decreasing
gingival inflammation. The lower frequency of bleeding sites
and the corresponding lower mean GI scores in the [abstract
truncated] |
NTIS/AD-A171
583/8
41p |
1983.
Fundamental Studies in the Molecular Basis of Laser Induced
Retinal Damage.
Author:
Lewis A
Cornell
Univ., Ithaca, NY. |
This research
has led to major discoveries in two general areas. First, we
have been able to show that there are a series of anionic activators
of visual cells. These anionic activators turn on, in the dark,
the enzymatic processes which are usually stimulated by light.
Among these anionic activators is fluoride,
the important additive in dental care. It is possible
that our discovery of anionic activators will allow us to modulate
visual sensitivity and excitation. A second major advance during
the past year has been the development of a staining method
which allows the direct observation with light microscopy of
actin filaments in rod outer segments. This discovery will now
allow us to view these important actin filaments in live cells
under physiologically relevant experimental conditions. It will
also allow for the development of new methods to probe pathological
and damaged conditions in visual photoreceptor cells. The above
discoveries will now be described in two separate sections.
The fi [abstract truncated]
Note: See also 1985 report: NTIS/AD-A177
817/4 |
NTIS/PB90-111899
12p |
1983.
Health Assessment for Frit Industries,
Humboldt, Iowa, Region 7
CERCLIS
No. IAD041103193.
Agency
for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA. |
The Frit
Industries, Inc., plant site is north of Humboldt, Iowa.S. Highway
169 North. The American Agricultural Chemical
Company (Agrico) owned and operated a superphosphate fertilizer
plant and a sulfuric acid plant on the site from 1954 to 1972.
During
that time, many complaints of fluoride contamination of soil
and vegetation were made against Agrico by neighboring families.
Frit
Industries, Inc., purchased the Agrico plant in 1974 and started
operations in January 1975. Metals of most concern are lead,
cadmium, and inorganic fluoride compounds
due to potentially higher concentrations. The major pathways
identified which may contribute to human exposures at the present
time include air (dust in workplace and residences) and soil
(potential crop uptake of contaminants) although a potential
does exist for groundwater and surface water contamination.
There is insufficient information to determine the significance
of exposure via the food chain. Final
rept. |
NTIS/DE83013010
15p |
1983.
Toxicology of Monofluorophosphate (MFP).
Authors:
Smith FA
Hodge HC
Rochester
Univ., NY. Dept. of Radiation Biology and Biophysics. |
The toxic
effects of Na sub 2 PO sub 3 F are attributable to the fluoride
ion released by the in vivo hydrolysis of the parent compound.
The monofluorophosphate ion appears to play no role. The
acute toxicity of Na sub 2 PO sub 3 F is somewhat less than
that of NaF, due to the lesser availability of fluoride in the
short term from Na sub 2 PO sub 3 F. In the long term, Na sub
2 PO sub 3 F produces virtually the same picture of renal effects
and skeletal storage of fluoride as does NaF. (ERA citation
08:039440) International conference on monofluorophosphate,
Boston, MA, USA, 9 Jun 1983. |
NTIS
PB83-257-436
122 pages |
1983.
Control Technology Assessment Of Selected Petroleum Refinery
Operations
Authors:
Emmel TE
Lee BB
Simonson AV
Division
of Physical Sciences and Engineering, NIOSH, U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio
Contract
No. 210-81-7102 |
Effective
exposure control technologies used in the petroleum refinery
industry were investigated. Seven refinery operations in the
United States were visited to obtain design, operating and effectiveness
data on engineering controls to reduce or eliminate hazardous
exposures, work practices that reduce contact with harmful agents,
process or operation monitoring systems that warn of potential
or existing hazards, and personal protective equipment that
prevent or reduce individual exposures. Specific
controls were identified for hydrogen-fluoride alkylation unit
exposure, process sampling, hydrogen-sulfide and benzene,
toluene, and xylene monitoring systems, oil water separator
emissions, benzene loading emissions, equipment maintenance,
catalyst dust wet scrubbers, lube oil and wax processing, and
construction changes. The authors note that many of the control
technologies were implemented for economic, environmental, or
fire and explosion hazard reasons, rather than for reasons of
employee health and safety. Even so, they are all very effective
means for reducing hazardous exposures, and most are already
in use throughout the industry. The authors recommend a regular
industrywide communication program to enable dissemination of
hazard control information, and further detailed studies of
control technologies currently in use. |
NTIS/PB84-210970
21p |
1983.
Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA 81-447-1273, Lane
Community College, Eugene, Oregon,
Authors:
Apol AG
Cone J
Helgerson SD
Keenlyside R
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. |
To evaluate
the possible occupational etiology of symptoms involving the
peripheral nervous system in employees of the home economics
department, on January 11-13, 1982, NIOSHs evaluated the general
ventilation system of the home economics building and conducted
a survey using a self-administered questionnaire. A brief neurological
evaluation was performed on employees who reported symptoms.
Air samples were collected for:
acrylamide, arsenic, calcium arsenate, carbon disulfide, carbon
monoxide, chlorine, fluoride, n-hexane,
lead, lead arsenate, mercury methyl bromide, methyl butyl ketone,
methylene chloride, thallium-soluble compounds, triorthocresyl
phophate, all of which are known to cause
peripheral neuropathy, were detectable. Recommendations
to improve the building ventilation system and work practices
are included in the report. |
NTIS/PB84-148113
62p |
1983.
Occupational Health Control Technology for the Primary Aluminum
Industry.
Author:
Sheehy JW
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati,
OH. Div. of Physical Sciences and Engineering. |
The
results of a survey of 12 United States and 2 Japanese primary
aluminum (7429905) facilities (SIC-3334) were examined.
The U.S. facilities include seven centerwork and two sidework
prebake units, and two horizontal and one vertical Soderberg
facility. The Japanese sites included one vertical stud Soderberg
and one centerwork prebake facility. The control technology
currently used for prebake and Soderberg primary aluminum smelting
facilities were described, focusing on effective control technologies
found in ore handling and storage, green carbon unit, carbon
bake unit, anode rodding, and potlines. Specific
chemical agents included fluorides in the potrooms, hydrocarbon
vapors in the green carbon facility, sulfur-dioxide (7446095),
and hydrocarbons in the carbon bake unit, airborne particulates
in ore handling, and metal dust and fumes in the rodding room.
All sites provided formal health and safety programs, and personal
protective equipment. Personal and area air samples revealed
that tota [abstract truncated] |
NTIS/PB84-173871
28p |
1983.
Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-81-439-1256,
Robinson-Nugent, Inc., New Albany, Indiana, January 1983,
Authors:
Murphy D
Lucas C
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health,
Cincinnati, OH. |
To
evaluate environmental conditions and reports of extended menstrual
periods and excessive menstrual bleeding,
on August 31, and September 1, 1981, NIOSH collected 15 personal
breathing-zone and 7 area air samples for lead, nickel, hydrogen
cyanide, hydrogen fluoride, phosphoric
and sulfuric acid, and total alkalinity. Recommendations for
changing the latter practice, modification of the existing ventilation
system, establishment of a environmental surveillance system,
and the use of personal protective devices make up the body
of the full report. |
NTIS/PB83-199240
21p |
1983.
Histological Differentiation Among Abiotic Causes of Conifer
Needle Necrosis.
Authors:
Carlson CE
Gilligan CJ
Intermountain
Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT. |
Symptoms
induced by phytotoxic gases within conifer needles can be differentiated
histological from those caused by other abiotic agents including
winter drying, drought, and salt. However, it
is not possible to differentiate among symptoms caused by hydrogen
fluoride, sulfur dioxide, ethyl mercaptan, and hydrogen sulfide.
Phytotoxic gases cause hypertrophy and hyperplasia of
vascular parenchyma, endordermis collapse, and intense vascular
staining. The other abiotic agents induce mesophyll collapse
with little or no observable effects on vascular tissues. Histological
analysis should be useful in diagnosis of air pollution-induced
injury and damage in coniferous forests. Forest Service research
paper, |
NTIS/AD-P001
877/0
5p |
1983.
MPC(Maximum Permissible Concentrations) for Routine Operations
in Diesel Submarines,
Author:
Shea M
Naval
Submarine Medical Research Lab., Groton, CT. |
In 1976,
the NATO Naval Medical Working Party drafted an agreement (STANAG
1206) concerning design criteria for atmospheric control in
conventional diesel powered submarines. The agreement was intended
to establish maximum allowable limits for shipboard atmospheric
substances which could pose a health threat to the crew. A list
of 22 substances and their proposed limits for a two-day continuous
exposure at a normal operating pressure of 1 BAR were attached
to the STANAG in Annex A. The bottom line of the agreement was
that participating nations would agree to maintain those limits
and also agree to design submarines that would not exceed the
limits. This paper briefly describes each
substance in relation to its health effects and proposed design
limits: ammonia, arsine, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide,
refrigerant F-12, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride,
mercury, chlorine, methanal, nitrogen, dioxide, ozone, phosgene,
stibine, sulfur dioxide, tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate, and methyl
chloroform. |
NTIS/AD-A123
068/9
112p |
1983.
The Phytotoxicity of Designated Pollutants.
Authors:
Granett AL
Taylor OC
California
Univ., Irvine.
Supporting
Agency: Air Force Aerospace Medical
Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. |
The
phytotoxicity of short exposures of gaseous hydrogen fluoride
(HF) and of drenches of JP4 jet fuel were examined. Germination
and growth of radish and tomato seeds were reduced when planting
was delayed one or six hours after 20-minute exposures of the
seeds to HF gas. Tomato seeds were more sensitive than radish.
Barley, bean, and zinnia plants were exposed once to HF gas
when six to 28 days old. Sensitivity of barley plants to injury
from HF increased with age; beans were most sensitive when six
or eight days old; zinnia sensitivity was not significantly
affected by age at exposure. Plants were all harvested when
35 days old; weight and other biomass measures correlated well
with plant age at exposure. Plants exposed at an early age never
developed well, whereas plants exposed when older were not greatly
reduced. Annual
rept. 1 Jul 81-31 Jul 82, |
NTIS/OTS0507507
EPA/OTS;
Doc #40-8234028 |
1982.
SUBACUTE
INHALATION TOXICITY OF TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE WITH
COVER LETTER 04/12/82
Corporate
Name: HASKELL LABS |
Subchronic
toxicity was evaluated in groups of 10 male CD rats and 10 male
Syrian hamsters exposed by inhalation to 0, 101, 500, 991, or
2489 ppm tetrafluoroethylene (referred to as TFE, 99.3% minimum
purity) 6 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks. No clinical signs
of toxicity resulting from TFE exposures were observed in rats
and hamsters during the treatment period. After termination
of exposure, rats exhibited a statistically significant decrease
in serum albumin and albumin/globulin ratios at all exposure
levels, although the effect was not dose related.
Urinary fluoride in rats was elevated in a dose dependent manner
at all levels, but differences were only significant in the
500,991 and 2489 ppm exposure groups. Other differences
noted in rats included significant and
dose dependent decreases in serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
activity and urea nitrogen levels at the 500, 991 and 2489 ppm
dose levels. Additionally, rats showed a significant
depression in serum alkaline phosphatase activity in the 2489
ppm group. After 14 days of recovery all
effects had disappeared in rats, except elevation of urinary
fluoride. After
termination of exposure, hamsters exhibited a significant increase
in urinary fluoride excretion in the 991 and 2489 ppm groups.
Serum albumin depression was significant in the 101 ppm exposure
group. After the 14 day recovery period
serum albumin depression was significant in the 500,991, and
2489 ppm exposure groups; urinary fluoride was at normal
levels. Following 10 exposures, 5 of 5
rats exposed at the 2489 ppm level exhibited compound related
kidney histopathology which disappeared after 14 days of recovery.
No histopathological effects were observed in hamsters
after 10 exposures, however, following
the 14 day recovery period a significant increase in testicular
atrophy was observed in the 2489 exposure group. Rats
showed significant elevation of absolute and relative weights
of liver and kidneys following the 10th exposure in the 991
and 2489 ppm exposure groups. These effects were not present
after the 14 day recovery period. There were no significant
differences in absolute or relative organ weights in hamsters
exposed to any level of TFE. |
NTIS/PB84-172972
16p |
1982.
Health
Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA 81-031-1209, Gulf
Oil Corporation, Belle Chasse, Louisiana,
Authors:
Markel HL
Slovin DL
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health,
Cincinnati, OH. |
On January
22, 1981, a walk-through survey was performed to evaluate the
exposures of approximately 24 employees to phenol (Fluid Catalytic
Cracking Unit No. 1291) and hydrogen fluoride (Alkylation Unit
No. 491). The NIOSH evaluation of employee exposures was based
on a review of results of early January 1981, Gulf Oil Corporation
environmental monitoring for phenol and hydrofluoric
acid (HF), responses from directed questionnaires administered
to 24 employees on two of the four shifts in FCCU-1291 and AU-491.
One worker, reported to have had a severe allergic reaction,
was interviewed by telephone. Based on the results of the environmental/medical
evaluation, NIOSH investigators determined that a potential
health hazard did not routinely exist for Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Unitlkylation Unit employees from exposures to phenol and hydrogen
fluoride. However, occasional episodes
involving the release of HF have resulted in eye, nose, and
throat irritation in a substantial percentage of the exposed
[abstract truncated] |
NTIS/PB82-859141
179p |
1982.
Fluoride Toxicity. 1978-January, 1982 (Citations from the
Information Retrieval, Ltd. Data Base)
National
Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. |
This bibliography
contains citations concerning the physiological effects of fluoride
ingestion. The beneficial and harmful effects of fluoride are
noted and the effects on teeth and bones, toxicity studies and
the pathology of fluoride toxicity are considered. Industrial
fluoride pollution and enflurane anesthetics are discussed.
(Contains 172 citations fully indexed and includes a title list.)
Rept. for Jan 78-Jan 82. |
NTIS/PB84-145804
64p |
1982.
Control Technology Assessment of Petroleum Refinery Operations:
Indepth Site Visit Report, Sigmor Three Rivers Refinery.
Radian
Corp., Salt Lake City, UT. |
Examples
of good employee exposure control techniques associated with
petroleum refining operations were identified. A visit was made
to Sigmor's Three Rivers Refinery (SIC-2911) located at Three
Rivers, Texas. The exposure controls studied
were the hydrogen-fluoride (HF) alkylation unit change room,
the HF alkylation unit separate maintenance facilities, and
the HF alkylation unit emergency shower booths. Its design
included separate facilities to prevent accidental HF exposure
to maintenance personnel at the central shops due to inadvertent
handling of contaminated equipment from the HF unit. The shower
facilities included three showers to decontaminate anyone who
had been sprayed with HF acid. When the showers were entered,
an alarm automatically notified a central control room of their
use. At least a 30 minute supply of tempered water became available
for HF acid wash down. See also PB84-146885. |
NTIS/EUR-7970-EN
Customers
in the European Community countries should apply to the Office
for Official Publications of the European Communities, B.P.
1003, Luxembourg.
527p |
1982.
Study of Noxious Effects of Dangerous Substances Recorded
in List II (Council Directive of 4 May, 1976): Dangerous Substances
Discharged into the Aquatic Environment of the Community.
Volume 2.
Authors:
Joergensen KF
Jensen K
Nielsen JL
Ramstedt M
Therkelsen O
Commission
of the European Communities, Luxembourg. |
The following
substances are considered: cobalt, thallium, tellurium, silver,
biocides (including chlorine) and derivatives, tainting substances
affecting taste and odour, toxic or persistent organic compounds
of silicon, inorganic and elemental forms of phosphorus, non-persistent
mineral oils and hydrocarbons of petroleum origin, cyanides,
fluorides, and substances having
an adverse effect on the oxygen balance. An extensive bibliography
of more than a thousand references concerning the noxious effects
of these dangerous substances to the aquatic environment has
been compiled and analyzed. Final rept. |
NTIS/PB84-239391
79p |
1982.
Mining Environmental Target Investigation: Welding Operations
at Underground and Surface Coal Mines.
Author:
Albers A
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health,
Cincinnati, OH. |
A target
investigation was conducted to determine adverse health effects
of inhalation contaminants produced during welding processes.
The immediate effects of acute exposure
to welding fumes are metal fume fever and eye and throat
irritation from ozone (10028156), nitrous oxides, and
fluorides. A death certificate survey showed a higher
risk of lung cancer death among welders, operators, boilermakers,
painters, and oilfield workers. Hardfacing operations resulted
in overexposures to inorganic nickel (7440020), hexavalent chromium
(7440473), and nitrogen-dioxide (10102440). Shielded metal arc
welding or gas welding were used in 82 percent of mine welding
operations. Most welding was done on mild and low alloy steels.
Most worker complaints resulted from lack of adequate ventilation;
few underground welding shops were used, most underground operations
were limited to repairs, except for installation of new machinery.
Underground welding was always kept to a minimum. Samples were
collected in buck [abstract truncated] |
NTIS/DE82906488
889p |
1982.
Full-Scale Scrubber Characterization of Conesville Unit 5.
Final Report.
Authors:
Smith EO
Morgan WE
Ferguson AW
Galeski JB
Black
and Veatch,
Kansas City, MO. |
The flue
gas desulfurization system at Columbus and Southern Ohio Electric
Company Conesville Unit 5 was characterized by field testing
and engineering analysis. The characterization included measurement
of currently regulated as well as unregulated emissions in the
gas, liquid, and solid effluent streams of the sulfur dioxide
scrubber system. Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate,
fine particulate, trace elements, particle size-segregated trace
element distribution, sulfuric acid mist, chlorides, fluorides,
organics, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide were all measured
in the scrubber system influent and effluent streams. In addition,
mist eliminator performance, scrubber generated particulate,
and scrubber sludge characterization testing and analyses were
performed. A discussion of the scrubber process chemistry based
on the system performance data gathered is presented. An engineering
and economic analysis of the scrubber system, including suggested
improvements to the system, is incl [abstract truncated] |
NTIS/PB82-151101
27p |
1982.
Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. 79-88-768 at U.S Steel
Tubing Specialists Center, Gary, Indiana
Authors:
Johnson P
Melius J
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health,
Cincinnati, OH. |
Environmental
samples were analyzed for the presence of chromium (7440473),
hexavalent chromium, iron-oxide (1332372), particulate fluoride
manganese (7439965), lead (7439921) welding fumes, gaseous
fluorides, nickel (7440020), molybdenum (7439987), and
carbon-dioxide (124389) at the U.S. Steel Tubing Specialities
Center (SIC-3312) in Gary, Indiana, on May 23 and 24, and September,
1979, and on January 30 and February 1, 1980. The evaluation
request was by the United Steelworkers of America, Local 2697
on behalf of 34 welders to evaluate a high rate of cardiovascular
disease among workers. Concentrations
of total chromium, hexavalent chromium and particulate
fluoride were 0.02, 0.006, and 0.003
milligrams per cubic meter (mg/cu m), respectively; and
their corresponding OSHA permissible exposure concentrations
were 1.0, 1.0 and 2.5mg/cu m. Concentrations
of iron-oxide, manganese, lead, and welding fumes ranged from
0.1 to 2.9, 0.004 to 0.19, 0.01 to 0.57 and 0.59 to 9.6mg/cu
m, respectively, and [abstract truncated] |
NTIS/OTS0206278
EPA/OTS;
Doc #878210873 |
1982.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH EVALUATION OF THE NEWARK, N.J. PLANT OF
KOPPERS CO., INC. FINAL REPORT
TABERSHAW
OCC MEDICINE ASSOC |
CAS
Nos.
Too many
to l ist but includes:
16984-48-8
(Fluoride ion) |
NTIS/DE84703242
U.S. Sales
Only
32p |
1982.
Determination of Boron, Silica, Fluoride, MBAS, Phenols, Cyanide
and Sulphide. Evaluation of Results.
Authors:
Smith R
National
Inst. for Water Research, Pretoria (South Africa). |
This study
forms part of the NIWR's series of interlaboratory comparison
studies involving southern African laboratories engaged in water
and wastewater analysis, and is concerned with the analysis
of synthetic water samples by 31 laboratories for boron, silica,
fluoride, methylene blue active substances (MBAS), phenols,
cyanide and sulphide. The results obtained are evaluated and
discussed. Recognised standard methods, or modifications of
these methods, were used for most of the determinations. Results
from the boron, silica and fluoride determinations showed, in
general, acceptable accuracy and precision. Results from the
MBAS, phenols, cyanide and sulphide determinations were, however,
somewhat widespread, and illustrated the difficulty in obtaining
reliable results from the measurement of relatively low levels
of these determinands. (Atomindex citation 15:051904) |
NTIS/PB85-234755
28p |
1982.
In-Depth Survey Report: Control Technology for Trans World
Airlines Maintenance Facility, Kansas City, Missouri,
Author:
Godbey FW
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.
Div. of Physical Sciences and Engineering. |
An indepth
survey of control technology at a Trans World Airlines maintenance
facility (SIC-0471), Kansas City, Missouri was conducted in
October, 1981. Environmental and breathing zone samples were
analyzed for hexavalent chromium (18540299), sulfuric-acid (7664939),
silver (7440224), copper (7440508), cadmium (7440439), nickel
(7440020), hydrogen-fluoride (7664-39-3),
cyanide compounds, or tetrachloroethylene (127184) at the silver
and copper strike bath tanks, the silver, nickel, cadmium/cyanide,
and chrome plating bath tanks, the acid etch bath tank, and
the vapor degreasing tank. Airflows of the local exhaust systems
of the tanks were measured. |
NTIS/AD-A172
425/1
413p |
1982.
Research and Development of Hazardousoxic Waste Analytical
Screening Procedures: Available Field Methods for Rapid Screening
of Hazardous Waste Materials at Waste Sites.
Authors:
Snyder RE
Schulte BE
Mangoba L
McHale ET
Atlantic
Research Corp.,
Alexandria, VA. |
A literature
survey was undertaken to identify very toxic substances that
are potentially present at waste sites. The ten substances which
presented the most imminent hazard to workers at waste sites
were selected and a list of candidate analytical field screening
methods for each substance prepared. The literature obtained
on each candidate method was judged by the following criteria:
method complexity, reagent cost and reagent toxicity. Candidate
field screening procedures were found for acrolein, carbon disulfide,
carbonyl fluoride, chloropicrin, ethyleneimine, fluorine, hydrogen
selenide, methylhydrazine, methyl isocyanate and nickel carbonyl.
Annual rept., |
NTIS/PB83-234963
103p |
1982.
Industrial Hygiene Characterization of the Phosphate Fertilizer
Industry.
Authors:
Herrick RF
Stephenson FM
Cassady ME
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. |
The National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) performed
in-depth industrial hygiene surveys at five locations to characterize
occupational health hazards in the phosphate fertilizer industry.
Four fertilizer plants (plants A-D) and one phosphate ore mining
and beneficiation facility (plant E) were selected. Measurements
were conducted for fluoride, sulfuric
acid, phosphoric acid, cadmium, chromium, uranium, vanadium,
arsenic, respirable free silica, and respirable quartz. This
report includes recommendations for further sampling for Chromium
(IV) as well as the establishment and enforcement of an aggressive
personal protective equipment program for all workers. Final
rept. |
NTIS/PB88-221502
181p |
1982.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cooperative
Agreement, Award No. 1 U01 OH 01249-01.
Author:
Rom WN
Utah
Univ.,
Salt Lake City.
Supporting
Agency: National Inst. for Occupational
Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. |
A walk
through survey and a followup on/site environmental and medical
evaluation of potentially exposed workers were carried out at
Hill Air Force Base (SIC-9711), Ogden, Utah. Followup on/site
environmental and medical evaluations of potentially exposed
workers were conducted at Koldaire, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah.
Past medical records at Hill Air Force Base and historical worker
exposure information were deemed adequate to reconstruct probable
exposures to hazardous materials during the performance of various
work assignments at the base and to permit a morbidity study
to be conducted. Possible exposures in this area of work include
fluorocarbons, phosgene (75445), hydrogen -chloride (7647010),
hydrogen-fluoride (7664-39-3),
welding fumes and cadmium (7440439). It was recommended that
respirators be worn by refrigeration repairmen, that medical
surveillance be performed yearly, and that eye protection be
worn during welding and soldering operations. Final
rept. |
NTIS/PB83-199174
34p |
1982.Health
Hazard Evaluation Report No. HHE-80-202-1092, Phillips Petroleum
Company Refinery, Woods Cross, Utah,
Authors:
Gunter B
Thoburn T
National
Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. |
In July
1980, NIOSH received a request to evaluate exposures to toluene,
xylene, acetone, benzene, lead, hydrogen fluoride, aliphatic
hydrocarbons, and other toxic substances at the Phillips Petroleum
Company Refinery, Woods Cross, Utah. NIOSH determined that a
health hazard existed from exposure to varied petroleum products,
solvents and/or gasoline. The case of aplastic anemia suggests
that past respiratory protection practices were not adequate.
No lasting ill effects from HF exposure
are anticipated. [abstract
truncated] |
NTIS/DE83901129
509p |
1982.
Full-Scale
Scrubber Characterization of Colstrip Unit 2.
Final Report.
Authors:
Smith EO
Morgan WE
Ferguson AW
Black
and Veatch,
Kansas City, MO. |
The flue
gas desulfurization system at Montana Power Company Colstrip
Unit 2 was characterized by field testing and engineering analysis.
The characterization included measurement of currently regulated
as well as unregulated emissions in the gas, liquid, and solid
effluent streams of the sulfur dioxide scrubber system. Sulfur
dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate, fine particulate, trace
elements, particle size-segregated trace element distribution,
sulfuric acid mist, chlorides, fluorides,
organics, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide were
all measured in the scrubber system influent and effluent streams.
In addition, mist eliminator performance, scrubber generated
particulate, and scrubber sludge characterization testing and
analyses were performed. A significant part of the program was
devoted to establishing the applicability of measurement techniques
and the quality and limitations of the resultant data. A discussion
of the scrubber process chemistry based on the system performance
data ga
[abstract truncated] |
NTIS/AD-A119
092/5
38p |
1982.
Detonation
Chemistry: An Investigation of Fluorine as an Oxidizing Moiety
in Explosives,
Authors:
McGuire RR
Ornellas DL
Helm FH
Coon CL
Finger M
Lawrence
Livermore National Lab., CA. |
This report
investigated the use of fluorine in the form of the difluoramino
(NF2) group as an oxidizing moiety.
Bis- and tris-difluoramino perfluorobutane, previously unknown,
were especially synthesized for this study. Detonation calorimetry
was performed to determine the exact detonation product composition
and the hast of detonation of a series of NF2
compounds and mixtures. Cylinder tests were then performed
to determine their detonation performance. Similar tests on
NO2 compounds were used for comparison. For reasons of toxicity
and safety, remote mixing and loading apparati were designed
and built for certain of the materials. Materials were chosen
to highlight certain of the detonation products. Hydrogen
fluoride was found to be a favorable detonation product
compared with H2O, CO2 outperforms CF4
at all cylinder expansion ratios, and Al2O3 was a favorable
detonation product compared to AlF3.
The most important result is the better understanding of the
mechanism of reaction of small-part [abstract truncated] |
|