Fluoride
Reports from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
1982-1983
 
 

Return to Reports Page

Due to the number of reports, the following
are the categories we present them.
(Note: these reports were cited on Toxline at Toxnet in April 2005)
Fluoride (all reports except Canada)
Fluoride: CANADA
Fluoride in the
Nuclear Industry
Note: many of the
Canadian communities
cited in these reports
border the US.
-
-
Note: this is a selected
list of reports.

NTIS Reports can be ordered by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA.

Order Number

Source Number

Date Published / Title / Author & Affiliation / Sponsor Agency Abstract /Keywords

NTIS/PB83-226837

66p

1983. Identification of the water Quality Factors Which Prevent Fingernail Clams from Recolonizing the Illinois River - Phase 3.

Authors:
Sparks RE
Sandusky MJ
Paparo AA

Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign. Water Resources Center.
Illinois Natural History Survey, Havana. River Research Lab.

The purpose of this research was to determine why fingernail clams have been unable to recolonize a 100-mile reach of the Illinois River where they were abundant prior to a die-off in the 1950's. Fingernail clams are major links in food chains leading from detritus and algae to higher level consumers valued by man, such as fish and water fowl. Three suspected toxicants--fluoride, lead and cadmium--and sediments from the reach where the die-off occurred were tested on intact fingernail clams (Musculium transversum) and gill preparations isolated from the clams. Results indicate that the sublethal response exhibited by the gills to fluoride is at least four times more sensitive than the lethal response. The results of the gill assay suggest that sediments in the Illinois River contain unidentified toxic factors and that sediments in the upper river, closer to the metropolitan areas of Joliet and Chicago, are more toxic than sediments further downstream. Final rept., See also PB81-209116. Prepare
NTIS/DE83011105, 68p

1983. Investigation of Occupational Illnesses at the 222-S Building on December 8, 1982.

Authors:
Louk WL
Hevland ME
Lilly AW
Owens GC

Atomics International Div., Richland, WA. Rockwell Hanford Operations.

On the afternoon of December 8, 1982, three Rockwell Chemical Technologists, B, D, and E, were transported to Kadlec Hospital with varying degrees of dermatitis and respiratory problems. One chemical technologist was held overnight and released to return to work on December 13, 1982. The other two were not released until December 16, 1982, and continuing ill effects have prevented their return to work. The chemical technologists' symptoms developed initially during a sodium fluoride repackaging operation in Room 4M of the 222-S Analytical Laboratory. The sodium fluoride was being repackaged from a 25-lb box of the material into 500-g quart ice cream cartons. The repackaging was done inside a chemical fume hood. The closed cartons were removed from the hood and sealed with tape on a laboratory bench. Procedurally, the final taping was to be done in the hood. Events and causal factors associated with the incident are summarized. It is concluded that extreme sensitivity of the three individuals to [abstract truncated]

NTIS/EUR-8408

77p

1983. Critical Study of Measurement Methods for Fluoride Emissions to the Atmosphere Used in the Main Fluoride Emitting Industries.

Authors:
Macken K
Reilly M

Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg.

Gaseous and particulate emissions containing fluoride arise from the following industries: primary aluminum production, iron and steel making, phosphate processing, clay firing, and glass making. The physical and chemical properties of the emissions are detailed and current legislative requirements in EEC countries and Norway are examined. Methods of sampling emissions and analytical procedures used by the different industries are reviewed with reference to the literature and compared. It is found that isokinetic sampling, using an inert material such as stainless steel for components, is advisable. Analytically, the two main possibilities are the selective ion electrode or a colorimetric method, but preference is given to the former because of its simplicity. An appendix contains the European Primary Aluminium Association's methods and the Norwegian reference method. Final rept.

NTIS/OTS0215254

EPA/OTS; Doc #878221503

1983. EXPERIMENTAL DATA REPORT WITH SUMMARY SHEET & CONTROL DATA WITH COVER LETTER DATED 12/12/83

CONFIDENTIAL
ARYL PHOSPHATES
HEALTH EFFECTS
BIOCHEMISTRY
MAMMALS
HUMANS
IN VITRO

CAS Registry Numbers:
62-73-7
109-43-3
115-86-6
117-81-7
141-78-6
701-64-4
838-85-7
7681-49-4

NTIS/DE84780382

U.S. Sales Only.

23p

1983. Measurements of Fluoride Concentration in the Narssaq River in Connection with Tunnel Mining at Kvanefjeld 1979-81.

Author: Soerensen A

Risoe National Lab., Roskilde (Denmark).

The Ilimaussaq intrusion contains the water soluble mineral Villiaumite (NaF). The estimated content is 21 000 ton of NaF (10 000 ton of F). An estimated 175 Ton NaF is transported annually to the Narssaq bay through the Narssaq river. A measurement programme was set up before the tunnel work was begun and the programme was conducted until one year after in order to demonstrate wether the concentration of NaF in the river water was increased by the tunnel work. The concentration was measured periodically up streams and down streams of the working area. It was found that the concentrations in the two points varied greatly over the year. In summertime with high water discharge the concentration was around 2.5 ppm F, whereas in wintertime with low water discharge the concentrations reach values as high as 30 ppm F in both points. However the ratio between the concentrations in the two points was fairly constant through the whole period. This indicates that the tunnel work has not caused any measura [abstract truncated]

NTIS/DE84000854

29p

1983. Dose-Response Effects of Fluoride in Mammalian Species.

Author: Smith FA

Rochester Univ., NY. Dept. of Radiation Biology and Biophysics.

Supporting Agency: Rochester Univ., NY. School of Medicine and Dentistry
Department of Energy, Washington, DC.

In man and in other species, a number of undesirable effects have been attributed to fluoride. Since most of these have not been investigated systematically in human subjects, it is often unclear to what extent, if any, fluoride is responsible. Proper dose-response information is lacking. A review of the literature describing some of the better investigated effects of fluoride in man indicates that in residents of the United States: (1) growth is unaffected by waterborne fluoride concentrations of 5 mg F/liter; (2) no renal effects are seen at concentrations of 8 mg F/liter; (3) no increase in skeletal density, as detected on x-ray films, is produced by concentrations of 4 mg F/liter; (4) no increase in the incidence of cardiovascular disease is observed at concentrations of 8 mg F/liter. These concentrations, however, cannot be considered as thresholds. (ERA citation 08:057681) 17. annual conference on trace substances in environmental health, Columbia, MO, USA, 13 Jun 1983.
Keywords:

NTIS/AD-A168 695/5

87p

1983. Field Applicable Method to Reduce Dental Emergencies.

Authors: Tinanoff N

Connecticut Univ. Health Center, Farmington. School of Dental Medicine.

Humans, who were regarded as potentially caries active, rinsed twice a day with either acidulated sodium fluoride or stanous flouride mouthrinses, adjusted to 200 ppm F-. There was a small but significant reduction in Total CFU per l saliva in both groups after a year. No differences were found in lactobacilli counts between the 2 mouthrinse groups or longitudinally within the groups. Selective reduction in Streptococcus mutans was found in those subjects rinsing with SnF2. At the end of 1 year, the SnF2 group had less (26 times) fewer S. mutans compared to the baseline. All patients continued to be caries active after one year despite the use of two daily fluoride mouthrinses; however, the subjects rinsing with SnF2 developed approximately half the number of new carious lesions to those subjects rinsing with acidulated NaF. This study did find that SnF2 was an adjunct in decreasing gingival inflammation. The lower frequency of bleeding sites and the corresponding lower mean GI scores in the [abstract truncated]

NTIS/AD-A171 583/8

41p

1983. Fundamental Studies in the Molecular Basis of Laser Induced Retinal Damage.

Author: Lewis A

Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY.

This research has led to major discoveries in two general areas. First, we have been able to show that there are a series of anionic activators of visual cells. These anionic activators turn on, in the dark, the enzymatic processes which are usually stimulated by light. Among these anionic activators is fluoride, the important additive in dental care. It is possible that our discovery of anionic activators will allow us to modulate visual sensitivity and excitation. A second major advance during the past year has been the development of a staining method which allows the direct observation with light microscopy of actin filaments in rod outer segments. This discovery will now allow us to view these important actin filaments in live cells under physiologically relevant experimental conditions. It will also allow for the development of new methods to probe pathological and damaged conditions in visual photoreceptor cells. The above discoveries will now be described in two separate sections. The fi [abstract truncated]
Note: See also 1985 report: NTIS/AD-A177 817/4

NTIS/PB90-111899

12p

1983. Health Assessment for Frit Industries, Humboldt, Iowa, Region 7

CERCLIS No. IAD041103193.

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA.

The Frit Industries, Inc., plant site is north of Humboldt, Iowa.S. Highway 169 North. The American Agricultural Chemical Company (Agrico) owned and operated a superphosphate fertilizer plant and a sulfuric acid plant on the site from 1954 to 1972. During that time, many complaints of fluoride contamination of soil and vegetation were made against Agrico by neighboring families. Frit Industries, Inc., purchased the Agrico plant in 1974 and started operations in January 1975. Metals of most concern are lead, cadmium, and inorganic fluoride compounds due to potentially higher concentrations. The major pathways identified which may contribute to human exposures at the present time include air (dust in workplace and residences) and soil (potential crop uptake of contaminants) although a potential does exist for groundwater and surface water contamination. There is insufficient information to determine the significance of exposure via the food chain. Final rept.

NTIS/DE83013010

15p

1983. Toxicology of Monofluorophosphate (MFP).

Authors:
Smith FA
Hodge HC

Rochester Univ., NY. Dept. of Radiation Biology and Biophysics.

The toxic effects of Na sub 2 PO sub 3 F are attributable to the fluoride ion released by the in vivo hydrolysis of the parent compound. The monofluorophosphate ion appears to play no role. The acute toxicity of Na sub 2 PO sub 3 F is somewhat less than that of NaF, due to the lesser availability of fluoride in the short term from Na sub 2 PO sub 3 F. In the long term, Na sub 2 PO sub 3 F produces virtually the same picture of renal effects and skeletal storage of fluoride as does NaF. (ERA citation 08:039440) International conference on monofluorophosphate, Boston, MA, USA, 9 Jun 1983.

NTIS PB83-257-436

122 pages

1983. Control Technology Assessment Of Selected Petroleum Refinery Operations

Authors:
Emmel TE
Lee BB
Simonson AV

Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio

Contract No. 210-81-7102

Effective exposure control technologies used in the petroleum refinery industry were investigated. Seven refinery operations in the United States were visited to obtain design, operating and effectiveness data on engineering controls to reduce or eliminate hazardous exposures, work practices that reduce contact with harmful agents, process or operation monitoring systems that warn of potential or existing hazards, and personal protective equipment that prevent or reduce individual exposures. Specific controls were identified for hydrogen-fluoride alkylation unit exposure, process sampling, hydrogen-sulfide and benzene, toluene, and xylene monitoring systems, oil water separator emissions, benzene loading emissions, equipment maintenance, catalyst dust wet scrubbers, lube oil and wax processing, and construction changes. The authors note that many of the control technologies were implemented for economic, environmental, or fire and explosion hazard reasons, rather than for reasons of employee health and safety. Even so, they are all very effective means for reducing hazardous exposures, and most are already in use throughout the industry. The authors recommend a regular industrywide communication program to enable dissemination of hazard control information, and further detailed studies of control technologies currently in use.

NTIS/PB84-210970

21p

1983. Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA 81-447-1273, Lane Community College, Eugene, Oregon,

Authors:
Apol AG
Cone J
Helgerson SD
Keenlyside R

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

To evaluate the possible occupational etiology of symptoms involving the peripheral nervous system in employees of the home economics department, on January 11-13, 1982, NIOSHs evaluated the general ventilation system of the home economics building and conducted a survey using a self-administered questionnaire. A brief neurological evaluation was performed on employees who reported symptoms. Air samples were collected for: acrylamide, arsenic, calcium arsenate, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, chlorine, fluoride, n-hexane, lead, lead arsenate, mercury methyl bromide, methyl butyl ketone, methylene chloride, thallium-soluble compounds, triorthocresyl phophate, all of which are known to cause peripheral neuropathy, were detectable. Recommendations to improve the building ventilation system and work practices are included in the report.

NTIS/PB84-148113

62p

1983. Occupational Health Control Technology for the Primary Aluminum Industry.

Author: Sheehy JW

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div. of Physical Sciences and Engineering.

The results of a survey of 12 United States and 2 Japanese primary aluminum (7429905) facilities (SIC-3334) were examined. The U.S. facilities include seven centerwork and two sidework prebake units, and two horizontal and one vertical Soderberg facility. The Japanese sites included one vertical stud Soderberg and one centerwork prebake facility. The control technology currently used for prebake and Soderberg primary aluminum smelting facilities were described, focusing on effective control technologies found in ore handling and storage, green carbon unit, carbon bake unit, anode rodding, and potlines. Specific chemical agents included fluorides in the potrooms, hydrocarbon vapors in the green carbon facility, sulfur-dioxide (7446095), and hydrocarbons in the carbon bake unit, airborne particulates in ore handling, and metal dust and fumes in the rodding room. All sites provided formal health and safety programs, and personal protective equipment. Personal and area air samples revealed that tota [abstract truncated]

NTIS/PB84-173871

28p

1983. Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA-81-439-1256, Robinson-Nugent, Inc., New Albany, Indiana, January 1983,

Authors:
Murphy D
Lucas C

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

To evaluate environmental conditions and reports of extended menstrual periods and excessive menstrual bleeding, on August 31, and September 1, 1981, NIOSH collected 15 personal breathing-zone and 7 area air samples for lead, nickel, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen fluoride, phosphoric and sulfuric acid, and total alkalinity. Recommendations for changing the latter practice, modification of the existing ventilation system, establishment of a environmental surveillance system, and the use of personal protective devices make up the body of the full report.

NTIS/PB83-199240

21p

1983. Histological Differentiation Among Abiotic Causes of Conifer Needle Necrosis.

Authors:
Carlson CE
Gilligan CJ

Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, UT.

Symptoms induced by phytotoxic gases within conifer needles can be differentiated histological from those caused by other abiotic agents including winter drying, drought, and salt. However, it is not possible to differentiate among symptoms caused by hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide, ethyl mercaptan, and hydrogen sulfide. Phytotoxic gases cause hypertrophy and hyperplasia of vascular parenchyma, endordermis collapse, and intense vascular staining. The other abiotic agents induce mesophyll collapse with little or no observable effects on vascular tissues. Histological analysis should be useful in diagnosis of air pollution-induced injury and damage in coniferous forests. Forest Service research paper,

NTIS/AD-P001 877/0

5p

1983. MPC(Maximum Permissible Concentrations) for Routine Operations in Diesel Submarines,

Author: Shea M

Naval Submarine Medical Research Lab., Groton, CT.

In 1976, the NATO Naval Medical Working Party drafted an agreement (STANAG 1206) concerning design criteria for atmospheric control in conventional diesel powered submarines. The agreement was intended to establish maximum allowable limits for shipboard atmospheric substances which could pose a health threat to the crew. A list of 22 substances and their proposed limits for a two-day continuous exposure at a normal operating pressure of 1 BAR were attached to the STANAG in Annex A. The bottom line of the agreement was that participating nations would agree to maintain those limits and also agree to design submarines that would not exceed the limits. This paper briefly describes each substance in relation to its health effects and proposed design limits: ammonia, arsine, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, refrigerant F-12, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, mercury, chlorine, methanal, nitrogen, dioxide, ozone, phosgene, stibine, sulfur dioxide, tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate, and methyl chloroform.

NTIS/AD-A123 068/9

112p

1983. The Phytotoxicity of Designated Pollutants.

Authors:
Granett AL
Taylor OC

California Univ., Irvine.

Supporting Agency: Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH.

The phytotoxicity of short exposures of gaseous hydrogen fluoride (HF) and of drenches of JP4 jet fuel were examined. Germination and growth of radish and tomato seeds were reduced when planting was delayed one or six hours after 20-minute exposures of the seeds to HF gas. Tomato seeds were more sensitive than radish. Barley, bean, and zinnia plants were exposed once to HF gas when six to 28 days old. Sensitivity of barley plants to injury from HF increased with age; beans were most sensitive when six or eight days old; zinnia sensitivity was not significantly affected by age at exposure. Plants were all harvested when 35 days old; weight and other biomass measures correlated well with plant age at exposure. Plants exposed at an early age never developed well, whereas plants exposed when older were not greatly reduced. Annual rept. 1 Jul 81-31 Jul 82,

NTIS/OTS0507507

EPA/OTS; Doc #40-8234028

1982. SUBACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY OF TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE WITH COVER LETTER 04/12/82

Corporate Name: HASKELL LABS

Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in groups of 10 male CD rats and 10 male Syrian hamsters exposed by inhalation to 0, 101, 500, 991, or 2489 ppm tetrafluoroethylene (referred to as TFE, 99.3% minimum purity) 6 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks. No clinical signs of toxicity resulting from TFE exposures were observed in rats and hamsters during the treatment period. After termination of exposure, rats exhibited a statistically significant decrease in serum albumin and albumin/globulin ratios at all exposure levels, although the effect was not dose related. Urinary fluoride in rats was elevated in a dose dependent manner at all levels, but differences were only significant in the 500,991 and 2489 ppm exposure groups. Other differences noted in rats included significant and dose dependent decreases in serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity and urea nitrogen levels at the 500, 991 and 2489 ppm dose levels. Additionally, rats showed a significant depression in serum alkaline phosphatase activity in the 2489 ppm group. After 14 days of recovery all effects had disappeared in rats, except elevation of urinary fluoride. After termination of exposure, hamsters exhibited a significant increase in urinary fluoride excretion in the 991 and 2489 ppm groups. Serum albumin depression was significant in the 101 ppm exposure group. After the 14 day recovery period serum albumin depression was significant in the 500,991, and 2489 ppm exposure groups; urinary fluoride was at normal levels. Following 10 exposures, 5 of 5 rats exposed at the 2489 ppm level exhibited compound related kidney histopathology which disappeared after 14 days of recovery. No histopathological effects were observed in hamsters after 10 exposures, however, following the 14 day recovery period a significant increase in testicular atrophy was observed in the 2489 exposure group. Rats showed significant elevation of absolute and relative weights of liver and kidneys following the 10th exposure in the 991 and 2489 ppm exposure groups. These effects were not present after the 14 day recovery period. There were no significant differences in absolute or relative organ weights in hamsters exposed to any level of TFE.

NTIS/PB84-172972

16p

1982. Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HETA 81-031-1209, Gulf Oil Corporation, Belle Chasse, Louisiana,

Authors:
Markel HL
Slovin DL

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

On January 22, 1981, a walk-through survey was performed to evaluate the exposures of approximately 24 employees to phenol (Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit No. 1291) and hydrogen fluoride (Alkylation Unit No. 491). The NIOSH evaluation of employee exposures was based on a review of results of early January 1981, Gulf Oil Corporation environmental monitoring for phenol and hydrofluoric acid (HF), responses from directed questionnaires administered to 24 employees on two of the four shifts in FCCU-1291 and AU-491. One worker, reported to have had a severe allergic reaction, was interviewed by telephone. Based on the results of the environmental/medical evaluation, NIOSH investigators determined that a potential health hazard did not routinely exist for Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unitlkylation Unit employees from exposures to phenol and hydrogen fluoride. However, occasional episodes involving the release of HF have resulted in eye, nose, and throat irritation in a substantial percentage of the exposed [abstract truncated]

NTIS/PB82-859141

179p

1982. Fluoride Toxicity. 1978-January, 1982 (Citations from the Information Retrieval, Ltd. Data Base)

National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.

This bibliography contains citations concerning the physiological effects of fluoride ingestion. The beneficial and harmful effects of fluoride are noted and the effects on teeth and bones, toxicity studies and the pathology of fluoride toxicity are considered. Industrial fluoride pollution and enflurane anesthetics are discussed. (Contains 172 citations fully indexed and includes a title list.) Rept. for Jan 78-Jan 82.

NTIS/PB84-145804

64p

1982. Control Technology Assessment of Petroleum Refinery Operations: Indepth Site Visit Report, Sigmor Three Rivers Refinery.

Radian Corp., Salt Lake City, UT.

Examples of good employee exposure control techniques associated with petroleum refining operations were identified. A visit was made to Sigmor's Three Rivers Refinery (SIC-2911) located at Three Rivers, Texas. The exposure controls studied were the hydrogen-fluoride (HF) alkylation unit change room, the HF alkylation unit separate maintenance facilities, and the HF alkylation unit emergency shower booths. Its design included separate facilities to prevent accidental HF exposure to maintenance personnel at the central shops due to inadvertent handling of contaminated equipment from the HF unit. The shower facilities included three showers to decontaminate anyone who had been sprayed with HF acid. When the showers were entered, an alarm automatically notified a central control room of their use. At least a 30 minute supply of tempered water became available for HF acid wash down. See also PB84-146885.

NTIS/EUR-7970-EN

Customers in the European Community countries should apply to the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, B.P. 1003, Luxembourg.

527p

1982. Study of Noxious Effects of Dangerous Substances Recorded in List II (Council Directive of 4 May, 1976): Dangerous Substances Discharged into the Aquatic Environment of the Community. Volume 2.

Authors:
Joergensen KF
Jensen K
Nielsen JL
Ramstedt M
Therkelsen O

Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg.

The following substances are considered: cobalt, thallium, tellurium, silver, biocides (including chlorine) and derivatives, tainting substances affecting taste and odour, toxic or persistent organic compounds of silicon, inorganic and elemental forms of phosphorus, non-persistent mineral oils and hydrocarbons of petroleum origin, cyanides, fluorides, and substances having an adverse effect on the oxygen balance. An extensive bibliography of more than a thousand references concerning the noxious effects of these dangerous substances to the aquatic environment has been compiled and analyzed. Final rept.

NTIS/PB84-239391

79p

1982. Mining Environmental Target Investigation: Welding Operations at Underground and Surface Coal Mines.

Author: Albers A

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

A target investigation was conducted to determine adverse health effects of inhalation contaminants produced during welding processes. The immediate effects of acute exposure to welding fumes are metal fume fever and eye and throat irritation from ozone (10028156), nitrous oxides, and fluorides. A death certificate survey showed a higher risk of lung cancer death among welders, operators, boilermakers, painters, and oilfield workers. Hardfacing operations resulted in overexposures to inorganic nickel (7440020), hexavalent chromium (7440473), and nitrogen-dioxide (10102440). Shielded metal arc welding or gas welding were used in 82 percent of mine welding operations. Most welding was done on mild and low alloy steels. Most worker complaints resulted from lack of adequate ventilation; few underground welding shops were used, most underground operations were limited to repairs, except for installation of new machinery. Underground welding was always kept to a minimum. Samples were collected in buck [abstract truncated]

NTIS/DE82906488

889p

1982. Full-Scale Scrubber Characterization of Conesville Unit 5. Final Report.

Authors:
Smith EO
Morgan WE
Ferguson AW
Galeski JB

Black and Veatch, Kansas City, MO.

The flue gas desulfurization system at Columbus and Southern Ohio Electric Company Conesville Unit 5 was characterized by field testing and engineering analysis. The characterization included measurement of currently regulated as well as unregulated emissions in the gas, liquid, and solid effluent streams of the sulfur dioxide scrubber system. Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate, fine particulate, trace elements, particle size-segregated trace element distribution, sulfuric acid mist, chlorides, fluorides, organics, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide were all measured in the scrubber system influent and effluent streams. In addition, mist eliminator performance, scrubber generated particulate, and scrubber sludge characterization testing and analyses were performed. A discussion of the scrubber process chemistry based on the system performance data gathered is presented. An engineering and economic analysis of the scrubber system, including suggested improvements to the system, is incl [abstract truncated]

NTIS/PB82-151101

27p

1982. Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. 79-88-768 at U.S Steel Tubing Specialists Center, Gary, Indiana

Authors:
Johnson P
Melius J

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

Environmental samples were analyzed for the presence of chromium (7440473), hexavalent chromium, iron-oxide (1332372), particulate fluoride manganese (7439965), lead (7439921) welding fumes, gaseous fluorides, nickel (7440020), molybdenum (7439987), and carbon-dioxide (124389) at the U.S. Steel Tubing Specialities Center (SIC-3312) in Gary, Indiana, on May 23 and 24, and September, 1979, and on January 30 and February 1, 1980. The evaluation request was by the United Steelworkers of America, Local 2697 on behalf of 34 welders to evaluate a high rate of cardiovascular disease among workers. Concentrations of total chromium, hexavalent chromium and particulate fluoride were 0.02, 0.006, and 0.003 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/cu m), respectively; and their corresponding OSHA permissible exposure concentrations were 1.0, 1.0 and 2.5mg/cu m. Concentrations of iron-oxide, manganese, lead, and welding fumes ranged from 0.1 to 2.9, 0.004 to 0.19, 0.01 to 0.57 and 0.59 to 9.6mg/cu m, respectively, and [abstract truncated]

NTIS/OTS0206278

EPA/OTS; Doc #878210873

1982. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH EVALUATION OF THE NEWARK, N.J. PLANT OF KOPPERS CO., INC. FINAL REPORT

TABERSHAW OCC MEDICINE ASSOC

CAS Nos.

Too many to l ist but includes:

16984-48-8 (Fluoride ion)

NTIS/DE84703242

U.S. Sales Only

32p

1982. Determination of Boron, Silica, Fluoride, MBAS, Phenols, Cyanide and Sulphide. Evaluation of Results.

Authors:
Smith R

National Inst. for Water Research, Pretoria (South Africa).

This study forms part of the NIWR's series of interlaboratory comparison studies involving southern African laboratories engaged in water and wastewater analysis, and is concerned with the analysis of synthetic water samples by 31 laboratories for boron, silica, fluoride, methylene blue active substances (MBAS), phenols, cyanide and sulphide. The results obtained are evaluated and discussed. Recognised standard methods, or modifications of these methods, were used for most of the determinations. Results from the boron, silica and fluoride determinations showed, in general, acceptable accuracy and precision. Results from the MBAS, phenols, cyanide and sulphide determinations were, however, somewhat widespread, and illustrated the difficulty in obtaining reliable results from the measurement of relatively low levels of these determinands. (Atomindex citation 15:051904)

NTIS/PB85-234755

28p

1982. In-Depth Survey Report: Control Technology for Trans World Airlines Maintenance Facility, Kansas City, Missouri,

Author: Godbey FW

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div. of Physical Sciences and Engineering.

An indepth survey of control technology at a Trans World Airlines maintenance facility (SIC-0471), Kansas City, Missouri was conducted in October, 1981. Environmental and breathing zone samples were analyzed for hexavalent chromium (18540299), sulfuric-acid (7664939), silver (7440224), copper (7440508), cadmium (7440439), nickel (7440020), hydrogen-fluoride (7664-39-3), cyanide compounds, or tetrachloroethylene (127184) at the silver and copper strike bath tanks, the silver, nickel, cadmium/cyanide, and chrome plating bath tanks, the acid etch bath tank, and the vapor degreasing tank. Airflows of the local exhaust systems of the tanks were measured.

NTIS/AD-A172 425/1

413p

1982. Research and Development of Hazardousoxic Waste Analytical Screening Procedures: Available Field Methods for Rapid Screening of Hazardous Waste Materials at Waste Sites.

Authors:
Snyder RE
Schulte BE
Mangoba L
McHale ET

Atlantic Research Corp., Alexandria, VA.

A literature survey was undertaken to identify very toxic substances that are potentially present at waste sites. The ten substances which presented the most imminent hazard to workers at waste sites were selected and a list of candidate analytical field screening methods for each substance prepared. The literature obtained on each candidate method was judged by the following criteria: method complexity, reagent cost and reagent toxicity. Candidate field screening procedures were found for acrolein, carbon disulfide, carbonyl fluoride, chloropicrin, ethyleneimine, fluorine, hydrogen selenide, methylhydrazine, methyl isocyanate and nickel carbonyl. Annual rept.,

NTIS/PB83-234963

103p

1982. Industrial Hygiene Characterization of the Phosphate Fertilizer Industry.

Authors:
Herrick RF
Stephenson FM
Cassady ME

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) performed in-depth industrial hygiene surveys at five locations to characterize occupational health hazards in the phosphate fertilizer industry. Four fertilizer plants (plants A-D) and one phosphate ore mining and beneficiation facility (plant E) were selected. Measurements were conducted for fluoride, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, cadmium, chromium, uranium, vanadium, arsenic, respirable free silica, and respirable quartz. This report includes recommendations for further sampling for Chromium (IV) as well as the establishment and enforcement of an aggressive personal protective equipment program for all workers. Final rept.

NTIS/PB88-221502

181p

1982. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cooperative Agreement, Award No. 1 U01 OH 01249-01.

Author: Rom WN

Utah Univ., Salt Lake City.

Supporting Agency: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

A walk through survey and a followup on/site environmental and medical evaluation of potentially exposed workers were carried out at Hill Air Force Base (SIC-9711), Ogden, Utah. Followup on/site environmental and medical evaluations of potentially exposed workers were conducted at Koldaire, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah. Past medical records at Hill Air Force Base and historical worker exposure information were deemed adequate to reconstruct probable exposures to hazardous materials during the performance of various work assignments at the base and to permit a morbidity study to be conducted. Possible exposures in this area of work include fluorocarbons, phosgene (75445), hydrogen -chloride (7647010), hydrogen-fluoride (7664-39-3), welding fumes and cadmium (7440439). It was recommended that respirators be worn by refrigeration repairmen, that medical surveillance be performed yearly, and that eye protection be worn during welding and soldering operations. Final rept.

NTIS/PB83-199174

34p

1982.Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. HHE-80-202-1092, Phillips Petroleum Company Refinery, Woods Cross, Utah,

Authors:
Gunter B
Thoburn T

National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.

In July 1980, NIOSH received a request to evaluate exposures to toluene, xylene, acetone, benzene, lead, hydrogen fluoride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and other toxic substances at the Phillips Petroleum Company Refinery, Woods Cross, Utah. NIOSH determined that a health hazard existed from exposure to varied petroleum products, solvents and/or gasoline. The case of aplastic anemia suggests that past respiratory protection practices were not adequate. No lasting ill effects from HF exposure are anticipated. [abstract truncated]

NTIS/DE83901129

509p

1982. Full-Scale Scrubber Characterization of Colstrip Unit 2. Final Report.

Authors:
Smith EO
Morgan WE
Ferguson AW

Black and Veatch, Kansas City, MO.

The flue gas desulfurization system at Montana Power Company Colstrip Unit 2 was characterized by field testing and engineering analysis. The characterization included measurement of currently regulated as well as unregulated emissions in the gas, liquid, and solid effluent streams of the sulfur dioxide scrubber system. Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate, fine particulate, trace elements, particle size-segregated trace element distribution, sulfuric acid mist, chlorides, fluorides, organics, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide were all measured in the scrubber system influent and effluent streams. In addition, mist eliminator performance, scrubber generated particulate, and scrubber sludge characterization testing and analyses were performed. A significant part of the program was devoted to establishing the applicability of measurement techniques and the quality and limitations of the resultant data. A discussion of the scrubber process chemistry based on the system performance data ga
[abstract truncated]

NTIS/AD-A119 092/5

38p

1982. Detonation Chemistry: An Investigation of Fluorine as an Oxidizing Moiety in Explosives,

Authors:
McGuire RR
Ornellas DL
Helm FH
Coon CL
Finger M

Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA.

This report investigated the use of fluorine in the form of the difluoramino (NF2) group as an oxidizing moiety. Bis- and tris-difluoramino perfluorobutane, previously unknown, were especially synthesized for this study. Detonation calorimetry was performed to determine the exact detonation product composition and the hast of detonation of a series of NF2 compounds and mixtures. Cylinder tests were then performed to determine their detonation performance. Similar tests on NO2 compounds were used for comparison. For reasons of toxicity and safety, remote mixing and loading apparati were designed and built for certain of the materials. Materials were chosen to highlight certain of the detonation products. Hydrogen fluoride was found to be a favorable detonation product compared with H2O, CO2 outperforms CF4 at all cylinder expansion ratios, and Al2O3 was a favorable detonation product compared to AlF3. The most important result is the better understanding of the mechanism of reaction of small-part [abstract truncated]
 
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