Lambda-cyhalothrin - CAS No. 91465-08-6
and its
isomer Gamma-cyhalothrin - CAS No. 76703-62-3
US Maximum Residue Levels in Food Commodities
 
 

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A February 16, 2005, check at the Code of Federal Regulations for Lambda and its isomer Gamma-cyhalothrin: this insecticide is permitted in or on over 380 food commodities in the United States. The following list identifies these crops for which EPA has set pesticide tolerances. 

Note: A food additive tolerance of 0.01 ppm is established for residues of the insecticide Lambda-cyhalothrin In or on all food items (other than those already covered by a higher tolerance as a result of use on growing crops) in food-handling establishments where food products are held, processed, or prepared - see (3) below.

[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 22]
[Revised as of July 1, 2004]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR180.438]
[Page 451-453]

TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT

CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)

PART 180_TOLERANCES AND EXEMPTIONS FROM TOLERANCES FOR PESTICIDE CHEMICALS
IN FOOD--Table of Contents

Subpart C_Specific Tolerances

Sec. 180.438 Lambda-cyhalothrin and an isomer gamma-cyhalothrin;
tolerances for residues.
(a) General. (1) Tolerances are established for the combined
residues of the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin
, 1:1 mixture of (S)-
[alpha]-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(Z)-(1R,3R)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2- dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and (R)-
[alpha]-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(Z)-(1S,3S)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2- dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and its
epimer expressed as epimer of lambda-cyhalothrin, a 1:1 mixture of (S)-
[alpha]-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(Z)-(1S,3S)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2- dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and (R)-
[alpha]-cyano-3- phenoxybenzyl-(Z)-(1R,3R)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2- dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, on plants
and livestocks, as indicated in the following table.
Commodity

Online as of January 5,
2002

PPM

Online as of September 3,
2003

PPM

Online as of February 16,
2005

PPM

CFR

Alfalfa, forage 5.0 5.0 5.0 180.438
Alfalfa, hay 6.0 6.0 6.0 180.438
Almond, hulls Not Listed 1.5 1.5 180.438
Apple pomace, wet Not Listed 2.5 2.5 180.438

Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A

This group includes 10 commodities - see Ref 1 below. .

Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 0.4 180.438
CANOLA, REFINED OIL Not Listed 2.0 Not Listed in this way 180.438
Canola, oil - Not Listed in this way 2.0 180.438
Canola, seed Not Listed 1.0 1.0 180.438
Cattle, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Cattle, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Cattle, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Corn, forage 6.0 6.0 6.0 180.438
Corn, grain (field and pop) 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Corn, sweet, kernel plus cob with husks removed 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Cotton, undelinted seed 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Dry bulb onion 0.1 0.1 0.1 180.438
Egg 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438

Fruit, pome, group 11

This group includes 10 commodities - see Ref. 2 below..

Not Listed 0.30 0.30 180.438

Fruit, stone, group 12

This group includes 14 commodities - see Ref. 3 below.

Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 0.50 180.438
FRUIT, STONE, GROUP 12, EXCEPT CHERRY Not Listed 0.50 Not Listed in this way 180.438
Garlic 0.1 0.1 0.1 180.438
Goat, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Goat, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Goat, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Grain, aspirated fractions   Not Listed Not Listed 2.0 180.438
Hog, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Hog, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Hog, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Hop, dried cone 10.0 10.0 10.0 180.438
Horse, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Horse, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Horse, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Lettuce, head 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Lettuce, leaf 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
MILK 0.2 0.2 Not Listed in this way 180.438
Milk, fat (reflecting 0.2 ppm in whole milk) Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 5.0 180.438
MILK, FAT 5.0 5.0 Not Listed in this way 180.438

Nut, tree, group 14

This group includes 16 commodities see Ref. 4 below.

Not Listed 0.05 0.05 180.438

Pea and bean, dried shelled,(except soybean), subgroup [6C]

This group includes 27 commodities - see Ref.5 below.

Not Listed 0.10 0.10 180.438

Pea and bean, succulent shelled, subgroup 6B

This group includes 10 commodities - see Ref. 6 below.

Not Listed 0.01 0.01 180.438
Peanut 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Peanut, hay Not Listed Not Listed 3.0 180.438
Poultry, fat 0.03 0.03 0.03 180.438
Poultry, meat 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438
Poultry, meat byproducts 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438
Rice, grain 1.0 1.0 1.0 180.438
Rice, hulls 5.0 5.0 5.0 180.438
Rice, straw 1.8 1.8 1.8 180.438
Sheep, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Sheep, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sheep, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sorghum, grain, forage Not Listed 0.30 0.30 180.438
Sorghum, grain Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 0.2 180.438
SORGHUM, GRAIN, GRAIN 0.2 0.2 Not Listed in this way 180.438
Sorghum, grain, forage Not Listed Not Listed 0.30 180.438
Sorghum, grain, stover Not Listed 0.50 0.50 180.438
Soybean 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438
Sugarcane, cane 0.03 0.03 0.05 180.438
Sunflower, oil 0.30 Not Listed in this way 0.30 180.438
SUNFLOWER, REFINED OIL   Not Listed in this way 0.30 Not Listed in this way 180.438
Sunflower, forage 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sunflowers, seed 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sunflower, seed, hulls 0.50 0.50 0.50 180.438
Tomato 0.1 0.1 0.1 180.438
Tomato, pomace (dry or wet) 6.0 6.0 6.0 180.438
Vegetables, fruiting, group (except cucurbits) Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 0.20 180.438
VEGETABLE, FRUITING, GROUP 8 Not Listed 0.20 Not Listed in this way 180.438

Vegetables, legume, edible podded, subgroup 6A

This group includes 14 commodities - see Ref. 7 below

Not Listed 0.20 0.20 180.438
Wheat, grain 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Wheat, bran 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Wheat, forage 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Wheat, hay 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Wheat, straw 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
(2) Tolerances\1\ are established for the combined residues of the
pyrethroid [gamma-cyhalothrin
(the isolated active isomer of lambda-
cyhalothrin) ((S)-'-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (Z)-(1R,3R)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate)) and its
epimer
(R)-'-cyano-3-
[[Page 452]]
phenoxybenzyl (Z)-(1R,3R)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-
dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate in/on the following commodities
Alfalfa, forage 5.0 5.0 5 180.438
Alfalfa, hay 6.0 6.0 6 180.438
Almond, hulls Not Listed 1.5 1.5 180.438
Apple pomace, wet Not Listed 2.5 2.50 180.438
Aspirated grain fractions 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Avocados (imported) Not Listed Not Listed in this way 0.20 180.438
AVOCADO Not Listed 0.20 Not Listed in this way 180.438
Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 0.4 0.4 0.4 180.438
Canola, seed Not Listed ? 0.15 180.438
Cattle, fat 3 3 3 180.438
Cattle, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Cattle, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Corn, fodder 1.0 1.0 1.0 180.438
Corn, forage 6.0 6.0 6.0 180.438
Corn, grain (field and pop) 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Corn, grain flour 0.15 0.15 0.15 180.438
Corn, sweet, kernel plus cob with husks removed 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Corn, sweet, kernel plus cob with husks removed 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Cottonseed 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Dry bulb onion 0.1 0.1 0.1 180.438
Egg 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438

Fruit, pome, group [11]

This group includes 10 commodities - see Ref. 2 below..

Not Listed 0.30 0.30 180.438

Fruit, stone, group [12]

This group includes 14 commodities - see Ref. 3 below.

Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 0.50 180.438
Garlic 0.10 0.10 0.10 180.438
Goat, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Goat, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Goat, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Hog, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Hog, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Hog, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Horse, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Horse, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Horse, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Lettuce, head 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Lettuce, leaf 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Milk, fat (reflecting 0.2 ppm in whole milk) ? ? 5.0 180.438

Nut, tree, group 14

This group includes 16 commodities - see Ref 4 below.

Not Listed 0.05 0.05 180.438

Pea and bean, dried shelled,(except soybean), subgroup [6C]

This group includes 27 commodities - see Ref 5 below.

Not Listed 0.10 0.10 180.438

Pea and bean, succulent shelled, subgroup 6B

This group includes 10 commodities - see Ref 6 below.

Not Listed 0.01 0.01 180.438
Peanut 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Peanut, hay Not Listed Not Listed 3.0 180.438
Poultry, fat 0.03 0.03 0.03 180.438
Poultry, meat 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438
Poultry, meat byproducts 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438
Rice, grain 1.0 1.0 1.0 180.438
Rice, hulls 5.0 5.0 5.0 180.438
Rice, straw 1.8 1.8 1.8 180.438
Sheep, fat 3.0 3.0 3.0 180.438
Sheep, meat 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sheep, meat byproducts 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sorghum, grain, forage Not Listed 0.30 0.30 180.438
Sorghum, grain Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 0.2 180.438
Sorghum, grain, forage Not Listed Not Listed 0.30 180.438
Sorghum, grain, stover Not Listed 0.50 0.50 180.438
Soybean 0.01 0.01 0.01 180.438
Sugarcane 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Sunflower, oil 0.30 Not Listed in this way 0.30 180.438
Sunflower, forage 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sunflowers, seed 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Sunflower, seed, hulls 0.50 0.50 0.50 180.438
Tomato 0.1 0.1 0.1 180.438
Tomato, pomace (dry or wet) 6.0 6.0 6.0 180.438
Vegetables, fruiting, group (except cucurbits) Not Listed in this way Not Listed in this way 0.20 180.438

Vegetables, legume, edible podded, subgroup [6A]

This group includes 14 commodities - see Ref 7 below.

Not Listed 0.20 0.20 180.438
Wheat, grain 0.05 0.05 0.05 180.438
Wheat, bran 0.2 0.2 0.2 180.438
Wheat, forage 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Wheat, hay 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
Wheat, straw 2.0 2.0 2.0 180.438
\1\ The analytical enforcement methods for lambda-cyhalothrin are
applicable for determination of gamma-cyhalothrin residues in plant
and animal commodities.

(3) A food additive tolerance of 0.01 part per million is
established for residues of the insecticide
[1[alpha](S*),3[alpha](Z)]-
()-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
(lambdacyhalothrin) as follows:

(i) In or on all food items (other than those already covered by a
higher tolerance as a result of use on growing crops) in food-handling
establishments where food products are held, processed, or prepared.

(ii) Application shall be limited solely to spot and/or crack and
crevice treatment
with a spray solution maximum of a 0.06-percent active
ingredient by weight. Food must be removed or covered during treatment.
Spray should not be applied directly to surfaces or utensils that may
come into contact with food. Food-contact surfaces and equipment should
be thoroughly cleaned with an effective cleaning compound and rinsed
with potable water before using.

(iii) For spot treatment, a coarse low-pressure spray shall be used.
Limit individual spot treatments to an area no larger than 20 percent of
the surface area. Any individual spot treatment shall not exceed 2
square feet.

(iv) For crack and crevice treatment, equipment capable of
delivering a pin-stream of spray directly into the cracks and crevices
shall be used.
(v) To assure safe use of the additive, its label and labeling shall
conform to that registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, and it shall be used in accordance with such label and labeling.

(b) Section 18 emergency exemptions. Time-limited tolerances are
established for combined residues of the insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin
(a 1:1 mixture of (S)-[alpha]-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(Z)-(1R,3R)-3-(2-
chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
and (R)-[alpha]-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(Z)-(1S,3S)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-
[[Page 453]]
dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and its epimer a 1:1 mixture of (S)-
[alpha]-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(Z)-(1S,3S)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclo-propanecarboxylate and (R)-
[alpha]-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (Z)-(1R,3R)-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-
trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclo-propanecarboxylate in connection
with use of the pesticide under section 18 emergency exemptions granted
by EPA. The tolerances will expire and are revoked on the dates
specified in the following table.

Commodity

Online as of January 5,
2002

PPM

Online as of September 3,
2003

PPM

Online as of February 16,
2005

PPM

Expiration/ Revocation Date

Barley, bran
0.2 0.20 0.2 12/31/05 
Barley, grain
0.05   0.05 0.05 12/31/05 
Barley, hay
2.0  2.0 2.0 12/31/05 
Barley, straw
2.0  2.0 2.0 12/31/05 
Clover, forage
- 5.0 12/31/05 
Clover, hay
- - 6.0 12/31/05 
Grass, forage
Not Listed  5.0 5.0 12/31/05 
Grass, hay
Not Listed  6.0 6.0 12/31/05 
Rice, wild Not Listed  1.0 1.0 12/31/05 
  (c) Tolerances with regional registrations. [Reserved]
(d) Indirect or inadvertent residues. [Reserved]

[62 FR 36671, July 9, 1997, as amended at 62 FR 56102, Oct. 29, 1997; 62
FR 63010, Nov. 26, 1997; 63 FR 7299, Feb. 13, 1998; 64 FR 4590, Jan. 29,
1999; 65 FR 82940, Dec. 29, 2000; 67 FR 35048, May 17, 2002; 67 FR
60915, Sept. 27, 2002; 68 FR 291, Jan. 3, 2003; 68 FR 2247, Jan. 16,
2003; 68 FR 52362, Sept. 3, 2003; 69 FR 18487, Apr. 8, 2004]

(Ref 1) Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A. This group includes 10 commodities.

broccoli • broccoli, cavalo • broccoli, chinese • brussels sprout • cabbage • cabbage, chinese mustard • cabbage, chinese napa • cauliflower • cavalo broccolo • kohlrabi

(Ref 2) Fruit, pome, group 11. This group includes 10 commodities.

apple • apple, dried pomace • apple, juice • apple, wet pomace • crabapple • fruit, pome • loquat • mayhaw • pear • pear, oriental • quince

(Ref 3) Fruit, stone, group 12. This group includes 14 commodities.

apricot • cherry, sweet • cherry, tart • fruit, stone • fruit, stone, except plum, prune, dried • nectarine • peach • plum • plum, chickasaw • plum, damson • plum, japanese • plum, prune • plum, prune, dried • plum, prune, fresh

(Ref 4) Nut, tree, group 14. This group includes 16 commodities.

almond • almond, hulls • beechnut • butternut • cashew • chestnut • chinquapin • filbert • nut, brazil • nut, hickory • nut, macadamia • nutmeat, processed, except peanut • nuts • pecan • pistachio • walnut

(Ref 5) Pea and bean, dried shelled, except soybean, subgroup 06C. This group includes 27 commodities.

bean, adzuki bean, broad dry bean, dry bean, kidney bean, lablab bean, lima dry bean, moth bean, mung bean, navy bean, pink bean, pinto bean, rice bean, tepary bean, urd catjang chickpea cowpea guar lentil lupin, grain lupin, sweet pea, blackeyed pea, crowder pea, field pea, field seed pea, pigeon pea, southern

(Ref 6) Pea and bean, succulent shelled, subgroup 06B. This group includes 10 commodities.

bean, broad succulent bean, lima succulent cowpea cowpea seed pea, blackeyed pea, english pea, garden pea, green pea, pigeon pea, southern

(Ref 7) Vegetable, legume, edible podded, subgroup 06A. This group includes 14 commodities.

bean, moth bean, runner bean, snap bean, wax bean, yardlong jackbean longbean, chinese pea, dwarf pea, edible podded pea, pigeon pea, snow pea, sugar snap soybean immature seed swordbean

 

 
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