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Methanesulfonyl fluoride. TOXNET profile from Hazardous Substances Data Base.


See for Updates: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?HSDB

METHANESULFONYL FLUORIDE
CASRN: 558-25-8
For other data, click on the Table of Contents

Human Health Effects:

Drug Warnings:

Food and Environmental Agents: Effect on Breast-Feeding: Reported Sign or Symptom in Infant or Effect on Lactation: Fluorides: None. /from Table 7/
[Report of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs in Pediatrics 93 (1): 142 (1994)]**QC REVIEWED**


Emergency Medical Treatment:

Emergency Medical Treatment:

EMT Copyright Disclaimer:
Portions of the POISINDEX(R) database are provided here for general reference. THE COMPLETE POISINDEX(R) DATABASE, AVAILABLE FROM MICROMEDEX, SHOULD BE CONSULTED FOR ASSISTANCE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OR TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC CASES. Copyright 1974-1998 Micromedex, Inc. Denver, Colorado. All Rights Reserved. Any duplication, replication or redistribution of all or part of the POISINDEX(R) database is a violation of Micromedex' copyrights and is strictly prohibited.

The following Overview, *** METHANESULFONYL FLUORIDE ***, is relevant for this HSDB record chemical.

Life Support:
  o   This overview assumes that basic life support measures
      have been instituted.                           
Clinical Effects:
  SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE
   0.2.1.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Methanesulfonyl fluoride is an anticholinesterase
         compound used as a precursor in the synthesis of
         perfluoromethane sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF).
         Methanesulfonyl fluoride is an irreversible inhibitor
         of acetylcholinesterase in vitro.
     o   Methanesulfonyl fluoride causes acetylcholinesterase
         inhibition and typical signs of anticholinesterase
         poisoning in experimental animals.  No cases of human
         poisoning with this agent were found at the time of
         this review.
      1.  Symptoms noted in experimental animals exposed by
          either the inhalation or intravenous routes included
          excessive salivation, exudates from the eyes and nose,
          vomiting, diarrhea, depression, tremors, ataxia,
          muscle fasciculations, hyperventilation, bronchospasm,
          and convulsions.
      2.  Rats exposed by inhalation to low concentrations also
          had subclinical elevations of blood glucose, serum
          creatinine, and total bilirubin.
     o   The following signs and symptoms are those PREDICTED TO
         OCCUR in ANTICHOLINESTERASE POISONING IN GENERAL.  Not
         all have necessarily been described following exposure
         to methanesulfonyl fluoride.
      1.  ANTICHOLINESTERASE COMPOUNDS produce MUSCARINIC
          effects due to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.
          Typical muscarinic effects include:  sweating,
          salivation, increased bronchial secretions, miosis,
          bradycardia, hypotension, vomiting and diarrhea,
          bronchoconstriction, and urinary and fecal
          incontinence.
      2.  Other manifestations of ANTICHOLINESTERASE poisoning
          arise from their effects on NICOTINIC receptors.
          These nicotinic effects include fasciculations and
          weakness of muscles, tachycardia, hypertension, and
          mydriasis.
      3.  ANTICHOLINESTERASE COMPOUNDS can also affect the
          CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, producing restlessness,
          anxiety, headaches, convulsions, and coma.
     o   Methanesulfonyl fluoride releases toxic and irritating
         fumes of fluorides and oxides of sulfur when heated to
         decomposition.  Inhalation exposure to such products of
         combustion would be predicted to result in respiratory
         tract irritation with chemical pneumonitis,
         bronchospasm, or noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
     o   From available data, it is not apparent that systemic
         FLUORIDE poisoning can occur following exposure to
         methanesulfonyl fluoride.  Should fluoride poisoning be
         suspected, refer to the FLUORIDE MEDITEXT(R) Medical
         Management FOR MORE INFORMATION.
  VITAL SIGNS
   0.2.3.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Hyperventilation, bradycardia, tachycardia,
         hypertension, or hypotension may be seen.
  HEENT
   0.2.4.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Exudates from the eyes and nose, hypersalivation, and
         either miosis or mydriasis may occur.
  CARDIOVASCULAR
   0.2.5.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Bradycardia, tachycardia, hypertension, or hypotension
         may be seen.
  RESPIRATORY
   0.2.6.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Symptoms noted in experimental animals included
         hyperventilation and bronchospasm.  Typical muscarinic
         effects include increased bronchial secretions and
         bronchoconstriction.
     o   Inhalation exposure to products of combustion would be
         predicted to result in respiratory tract irritation
         with chemical pneumonitis, bronchospasm, or
         noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
  NEUROLOGIC
   0.2.7.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Symptoms noted in experimental animals included CNS
         depression, tremors, ataxia, and convulsions.
     o   ANTICHOLINESTERASE COMPOUNDS can affect the CENTRAL
         NERVOUS SYSTEM, producing restlessness, anxiety,
         headaches, convulsions, and coma.
  GASTROINTESTINAL
   0.2.8.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Symptoms noted in experimental animals included
         excessive salivation, vomiting, and diarrhea.  Typical
         muscarinic effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and
         fecal incontinence.
  HEPATIC
   0.2.9.2 CHRONIC EXPOSURE
     o   Rats exposed by inhalation to low concentrations had
         subclinical elevations of total bilirubin.
  GENITOURINARY
   0.2.10.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Urinary frequency or incontinence may be seen.
   0.2.10.2 CHRONIC EXPOSURE
     o   Rats exposed by inhalation to low concentrations had
         subclinical elevations of serum creatinine.
  DERMATOLOGIC
   0.2.14.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Typical muscarinic effects include sweating.
  MUSCULOSKELETAL
   0.2.15.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Symptoms noted in experimental animals included ataxia
         and muscle fasciculations.  Nicotinic effects can
         include fasciculations and weakness of muscles.
  ENDOCRINE
   0.2.16.2 CHRONIC EXPOSURE
     o   Rats exposed by inhalation to low concentrations had
         subclinical elevations of blood glucose.
  METABOLISM
   0.2.17.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Methanesulfonyl fluoride is an irreversible inhibitor
         of acetylcholinesterase in vitro.  It also inhibits
         butyrylcholinesterase and trypsinogen in vitro.
  REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS
    o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
        assess the teratogenic potential of this agent.
    o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
        assess the potential effects of exposure to this agent
        during pregnancy or lactation.
    o   No information about possible male reproductive effects
        was found in available references at the time of this
        review.
  CARCINOGENICITY
   0.2.21.2 HUMAN OVERVIEW
     o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
         assess the carcinogenic potential of this agent.
  GENOTOXICITY
    o   At the time of this review, no data were available to
        assess the mutagenic or genotoxic potential of this
        agent.                   
Laboratory:
  o   Rats exposed by inhalation to low concentrations also had
      subclinical elevations of blood glucose, serum creatinine,
      and total bilirubin.
   1.  Monitoring blood glucose and liver and renal function
       tests would be advisable in patients with significant
       exposure.
  o   In a study with rats exposed chronically to low doses of
      methanesulfonyl fluoride by inhalation, fluoride did not
      accumulate in the blood or liver.  It is not known whether
      or not systemic fluorosis could occur following exposure
      to higher doses.
   1.  If signs or symptoms of systemic fluorosis are present in
       patients with significant methanesulfonyl fluoride
       exposure, monitoring serum fluoride levels would be
       advisable.
    a.  The normal serum concentration is 0.4 to 2 mcg% (mcg/dL)
        for ionic fluorides.
   2.  Serum calcium should be checked if fluoride poisoning is
       suspected, and may be decreased in some cases.
   3.  Serum electrolyte levels should be closely monitored in a
       seriously fluoride poisoned patient, particularly
       potassium and calcium.
   4.  If systemic fluoride poisoning is suspected, monitor EKG.
       The presence of peaked T waves may indicate hyperkalemia;
       prolonged Q-T interval may indicate hypocalcemia.
   5.  Chronic fluorosis is diagnosed based on clinical
       manifestations and x-rays showing increased bone density,
       mineral deposits in ligaments, tendons, and muscles, and
       periosteal outgrowths.
  o   IN PATIENTS WITH SYMPTOMS of ANTICHOLINESTERASE POISONING,
      monitor erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and plasma
      cholinesterase levels.
  o   If respiratory tract irritation, excessive bronchial
      secretions, or bronchospasm occur following exposure,
      monitor arterial blood gases.
  o   For fluoride workers, urine fluoride determination should
      be taken every 6 months.
   1.  Several sources have suggested maximum urine excretion
       values of 4 (preshift) and 7 (postshift) mg/L in
       occupational exposures.
  o   If respiratory tract irritation, excessive bronchial
      secretions, or bronchospasm occur following exposure,
      monitor chest x-ray.
Treatment Overview:
  SUMMARY EXPOSURE
    o   The following treatment recommendations are adapted from
        those for other anticholinesterase compounds, such as
        organophosphates.  They will only be appropriate in
        Methanesulfonyl Fluoride poisoning if signs or symptoms
        of anticholinesterase poisoning are present.  Patients
        must be carefully evaluated for such signs or symptoms
        before initiating these treatments.
    o   From available data, it is not apparent that systemic
        Fluoride poisoning can occur following exposure to
        methanesulfonyl fluoride.  Should such fluoride
        poisoning be suspected, refer to the Fluoride
        Meditext(R) Medical Management for more information.
  ORAL EXPOSURE
    o   Inducing emesis is CONTRAINDICATED because of possible
        respiratory depression and seizures.
    o   GASTRIC LAVAGE:  Consider after ingestion of a
        potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can
        be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1
        hour).  Protect airway by placement in Trendelenburg and
        left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal
        intubation.  Control any seizures first.
     1.  CONTRAINDICATIONS:  Loss of airway protective reflexes
         or decreased level of consciousness in unintubated
         patients; following ingestion of corrosives;
         hydrocarbons (high aspiration potential); patients at
         risk of hemorrhage or gastrointestinal perforation; and
         trivial or non-toxic ingestion.
    o   ACTIVATED CHARCOAL/CATHARTIC:  Administer charcoal
        slurry, aqueous or mixed with saline cathartic or
        sorbitol.  The FDA suggests 240 mL of diluent/30 g of
        charcoal.  Usual charcoal dose is 25 to 100 grams in
        adults and adolescents, 25 to 50 grams in children (1 to
        12 years old), and 1 gram/kilogram in infants less than
        1 year old.
     1.  Routine use of cathartics is NOT recommended.  If used,
         administer only ONE dose of cathartic.  Administer one
         dose of a cathartic, mixed with charcoal or given
         separately.  See "Treatment:  Prevention of Absorption"
         in the main document.
    o   Suction oral secretions until atropinization.
    o   ATROPINE THERAPY - If symptomatic, administer IV
        atropine until atropinization is achieved.  Adult - 2 to
        5 mg every 10 to 15 minutes; Child - 0.05 mg/kg every 10
        to 15 minutes.  Atropinization may be required for hours
        to days depending on severity.
    o   PRALIDOXIME (Protopam, 2-PAM):  Treat moderate to severe
        poisoning (fasciculations, muscle weakness, respiratory
        depression, coma, seizures) with 2-PAM in addition to
        atropine; most effective if given within 48 hours, but
        has had efficacy up to 6 days.  May require
        administration for several days.
     1.  INITIAL DOSE:  ADULT:  1 to 2 g in 100 to 150 ml 0.9%
         saline IV over 30 min.   CHILD:  20 to 50 mg/kg as a 5%
         solution IV over 30 min.
     2.  Repeat these doses in 1 hour and then every 6 to 12
         hours if  muscle weakness or fasciculations persist, or
         begin continuous infusion.
     3.  CONTINUOUS INFUSION:  Administer as a 2.5% solution in
         0.9% saline.  ADULT:   500 mg/hour.  CHILD:  9 to 19
         mg/kg/hour.
    o   CONTRAINDICATIONS - Succinylcholine and other
        cholinergic agents.
    o   SEIZURES:  Administer a benzodiazepine IV; DIAZEPAM
        (ADULT:  5 to 10 mg,  repeat every 10 to 15 min as
        needed.  CHILD:  0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg, repeat every  5 min
        as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT:  4 to 8 mg; CHILD:  0.05
        to 0.1 mg/kg).
     1.  Consider phenobarbital if seizures recur after diazepam
         30 mg (adults)  or 10 mg (children > 5 years).
     2.  Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory
         depression, and need  for endotracheal intubation.
         Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances,
         hypoxia.
    o   PULMONARY EDEMA (NONCARDIOGENIC):  Maintain ventilation
        and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial
        blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring.  Early use of
        PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.
    o   HYPOTENSION:  Infuse 10 to 20 mL/kg isotonic fluid,
        place in Trendelenburg position.  If hypotension
        persists, administer dopamine (5 to 20 mcg/kg/min) or
        norepinephrine (0.1 to 0.2 mcg/kg/min), titrate to
        desired response.
  INHALATION EXPOSURE
    o   INHALATION:  Move patient to fresh air.  Monitor for
        respiratory distress.  If cough or difficulty breathing
        develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation,
        bronchitis, or pneumonitis.  Administer oxygen and
        assist ventilation as required.  Treat bronchospasm with
        beta2  agonist and corticosteroid aerosols.
    o   If respiratory tract irritation or respiratory
        depression is evident, monitor arterial blood gases,
        chest x-ray, and pulmonary function tests.
    o   Carefully observe patients with inhalation exposure for
        the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and
        administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.
    o   Suction oral secretions until atropinization.
    o   Treatment should include recommendations listed in the
        ORAL EXPOSURE section when appropriate.
    o   CONTRAINDICATIONS - Succinylcholine and other
        cholinergic agents are contraindicated.
  EYE EXPOSURE
    o   DECONTAMINATION:  Irrigate exposed eyes with copious
        amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes.  If
        irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia
        persist, the patient should be seen in a health care
        facility.
    o   Patients symptomatic following exposure should be
        observed in a controlled setting until all signs and
        symptoms have fully resolved.
    o   Suction oral secretions until atropinization.
    o   Treatment should include recommendations listed in the
        ORAL EXPOSURE section when appropriate.
    o   CONTRAINDICATIONS - Succinylcholine and other
        cholinergic agents are contraindicated.
  DERMAL EXPOSURE
    o   Systemic effects can occur from dermal exposure to
        organophosphates.
    o   Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry; wash skin,
        hair and nails vigorously with repeated soap washings.
        Leather absorbs pesticides; all contaminated leather
        should be discarded.  Rescue personnel and bystanders
        should avoid direct contact  with contaminated skin,
        clothing, or other objects.
    o   Treatment should include recommendations listed in the
        ORAL EXPOSURE section when appropriate.
    o   Some chemicals can produce systemic poisoning by
        absorption through intact skin.  Carefully observe
        patients with dermal exposure for the development of any
        systemic signs or symptoms and administer symptomatic
        treatment as necessary.
    o   CONTRAINDICATIONS - Succinylcholine and other
        cholinergic agents are contraindicated.            
Range of Toxicity:
  o   Minimum lethal human exposure is unknown.
  o   In rats exposed by inhalation to a concentration of 2.2
      ppm for 1 hour, only minimal salivation was seen; at 5 ppm
      for the same duration, copious salivation, eye and nose
      exudates, diarrhea, depression, ataxia, and tremors were
      observed.
   1.  Only subclinical alterations of blood glucose, serum
       creatinine, total bilirubin, and depression of
       acetylcholinesterase were noted in rats exposed by
       inhalation to 19 or 91 ppb of methanesulfonyl fluoride
       for 61 exposures, each lasting 7 hours.

[Rumack BH: POISINDEX(R) Information System. Micromedex, Inc., Englewood, CO, 2001; CCIS Volume 110, edition exp November, 2001. Hall AH & Rumack BH (Eds):TOMES(R) Information System. Micromedex, Inc., Englewood, CO, 2001; CCIS Volume 110, edition exp November, 2001.] **PEER REVIEWED**

Animal Toxicity Studies:

Metabolism/Pharmacokinetics:

Pharmacology:

Drug Warnings:

Food and Environmental Agents: Effect on Breast-Feeding: Reported Sign or Symptom in Infant or Effect on Lactation: Fluorides: None. /from Table 7/
[Report of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs in Pediatrics 93 (1): 142 (1994)]**QC REVIEWED**


Environmental Fate & Exposure:

Environmental Standards & Regulations:

CERCLA Reportable Quantities:

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Methanesulfonyl fluoride is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 1,000 lbs.
[40 CFR 355 (7/1/97)]**QC REVIEWED**


Chemical/Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula:

C-H3-F-O2-S
[Weast, R.C. and M.J. Astle. CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volumes I and II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc. 1985.,p. V1 844]**QC REVIEWED**


Molecular Weight:

98.09
[Weast, R.C. and M.J. Astle. CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volumes I and II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc. 1985.,p. V1 844]**QC REVIEWED**


Boiling Point:

123-124 deg C
[Weast, R.C. and M.J. Astle. CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volumes I and II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc. 1985.,p. V1 844]**QC REVIEWED**


Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient:

Log Kow= 0.55
[Hansch, C. and A. Leo. The Log P Database. Claremont, CA: Pomona College, 1987. 15]**QC REVIEWED**


Chemical Safety & Handling:

Hazardous Decomposition:

When heated to decomposition it emits ... fumes of fluoride and sulfur oxides.
[Sax, N.I. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 6th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1984. 1764]**QC REVIEWED**


Disposal Methods:

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
**PEER REVIEWED**


Occupational Exposure Standards:

Manufacturing/Use Information:

Major Uses:

Fumigant insecticide
[Worthing, C.R. and S.B. Walker (eds.). The Pesticide Manual - A World Compendium. 8th ed. Thornton Heath, UK: The British Crop Protection Council, 1987. 893]**QC REVIEWED**


General Manufacturing Information:

Formerly marketed by Bayer AG as trade mark Fumette.
[Worthing, C.R. and S.B. Walker (eds.). The Pesticide Manual - A World Compendium. 8th ed. Thornton Heath, UK: The British Crop Protection Council, 1987. 893]**QC REVIEWED**


Laboratory Methods:

Special References:

Synonyms and Identifiers:

Synonyms:

Fumette
**QC REVIEWED**

Methanesulphonyl fluoride
**QC REVIEWED**

MSF
**QC REVIEWED**


RTECS Number:

NIOSH/PB2975000


Administrative Information:

Hazardous Substances Databank Number: 6397

Last Revision Date: 20010809

Update History:

Complete Update on 08/09/2001, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/08/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/02/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 09/21/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/30/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 06/03/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 03/10/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 11/01/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 09/17/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 05/09/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/20/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 05/14/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/01/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 08/21/1995, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 09/16/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 08/15/1990, 12 fields added/edited/deleted.