Chlorfenapyr
CAS No. 122453-73-0
US Federal Register
 
 

Return to Index Page

ACTIVITY: Acaricide, Insecticide (pyrrole)

CAS Name: 4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(ethoxymethyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile

Structure:

US Federal Register

Date Published Docket Identifiction Number Details
Jan 26, 2005 OPP-2004-0362 BASF - Pesticide Tolerance. FINAL RULE. This regulation establishes a tolerance for residues of chlorfenapyr in or on all foods at 0.01 parts per million (ppm) except fruiting vegetables.

This Final Rule contains a separate document that is EPA's response to FAN's comments - see
http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/chlorfenapyr.2005.epa.response.pdf
(
published in EPA Docket, Number: OPP-2004-0362-0002)

Aug 11, 2003: FAN's comments on BASF's petition for this tolerance at
http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/chlorfenapyr.comments.aug03.htm

Sept 17, 2003: BASF's response to FAN's comments at
http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/chlorfenapyr.basf.sept.2003.pdf

The nature of the toxic effects caused by chlorfenapyr are discussed in a September 26, 2003, Final Rule - see comments immediately below.

See BASF's petition (July 16, 2003) for this Tolerance at
http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/chlorfenapyr.fr.july16.2003.htm

•• Conditions for this Final Rule: A developmental neurotoxicity study to determine the cause/relationship
of potential central nervous system/myelinopathic alterations to neurotoxicity in the developing young. This condition was stated in the September 26, 2003, Federal Register, and referred to in this Final Rule.

Sept 26, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OPP-2003-0146

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASF - Pesticide Tolerance. FINAL RULE. This regulation establishes a tolerance for residues of chlorfenapyr at 1.0 ppm in or on vegetables, fruiting, group 8, grown in greenhouses. BASF Agro Research, now BASF Corporation requested this tolerance. In the FR of September 13, 2000, EPA announcied the filing of an amended pesticide petition (PP 6F4716) by BASF Agro Research, now BASF Corporation.
-- MRID No. 42770219 (1993)-- 90-Day oral toxicity rats. NOAEL = 24.1 mg/kg/day. LOAEL = 48.4, based on spongiform myelopathy in the brain and spinal cord of male rats, decreased body weight gain and increased relative liver weight in males and females, increased absolute liver weight in females, and decreased hemoglobin in females.
-- MRID No.
43492830 (1994). 90-Day oral toxicity mouse . NOAEL = 27.6/40, M/F. LOAEL = 62.6/78, M/F, based on reduced body weights/body weight gains, and spongiform encephalopathy in both sexes.
-- MRID No. 42770220 (1993). 90-Day oral toxicity dog. NOAEL = 3.9/4.5 mg/kg/ day, M/F. LOAEL = 6.7/6.8 mg/kg/ day, M/Fbased on emaciation, decreased body weight gains, and decreased food efficiency.
-- MRID No. 43492831 (1993). 21/28-Day dermal toxicity rabbit. NOAEL = 100 mg/kg/day. LOAEL = 400 mg/kg/day, for both sexes, based on changes in liver chemistry and morphology.
-- MRID No. 42884202 (1993). Prenatal developmental rat. Maternal NOAEL = 25 mg/kg/day, based on decreased body weight gain and relative food consumption during treatment Developmental NOAEL >=225 mg/kg/day. Developmental LOAEL = not identified.
-- MRID No. 42770222 (1993).
Prenatal developmental rabbit. Maternal NOAEL = 5 mg/kg/day. Maternal LOAEL = 15 mg/ kg/day, based on decreased body weight gain during treatment Developmental NOAEL = 15 mg/kg/day Developmental LOAEL = 30 mg/kg/day, based on increased post implantation loss.
-- MRID No. 43492836 (1994). 2-Generation reproduction and fertility effects rat. Parental systemic NOAEL = 4.4-4.5 mg/kg/day, M. Parental systemic LOAEL = 22.2-22.5 mg/kg/day, M, based on decreased absolute body weight/body weight gains of P1
males during premating. Offspring systemic NOAEL = 4.4-5.1 mg/kg/day. Offspring systemic LOAEL = 22.2-25.6 mg/kg/day, based on decreased pup weights at weaning. Reproductive NOAEL >=44- 50.7 mg/kg/day. Reproductive LOAEL: not identified.
-- MRID No.
43492834 (1994). Chronic toxicity dog. NOAEL = 4.0/4.5 mg/kg/day, M/F. LOAEL = 8.7/10.1 mg/kg/ day, M/F, based on decreased body weight/body weight gains.
-- MRID No. 43492838 (1994). Carcinogenicity mouse. NOAEL = 2.8/3.7 mg/kg/day, M/F. LOAEL = 16.6/21.9 mg/kg/day, M/F, based on decreased body weight gains, brain vacuolation, and scabbing of the skin (males) No evidence of carcinogenicity.
-- MRID No.
43492837 (1994). Combined chronic/ carcinogenicity in rat. NOAEL = 15 mg/kg/day, males. LOAEL = 30.8 mg/kg/day, males, based on anemia. NOAEL = 3.6 mg/kg/day, females LOAEL = 18.6 mg/kg/day, females, based on decreased body weight/ body weight gain. Classification: ``Suggestive Evidence of Carcinogenicity, but Not Sufficient to Assess Human Carcinogenic Potential'' based on significant trends in liver tumors (adenomas and combined adenomas/ carcinomas), malignant histiocytic sarcomas, and testicular cell tumors in male rats and uterine polyps in female rats seen at the highest dose.
-- MRID No. 43492833 (1994). Chronic neurotoxicity rat. NOAEL = 2.6/3.4 mg/kg/day, M/F. LOAEL = 13.6/18 mg/kg/ day, M/F, based on the presence of myelinopathic alterations in the central nervous system (CNS) in male rats and decreased average body weights/body weight gains, food efficiency, absolute food consumption (females) and water consumption (males)
-- Developmental toxicity study - rabbit. LOAEL = 30 mg/kg/day based on increased post-implantation loss
-- Acute neurotoxicity study - rat. LOAEL = 90 mg/kg/day based on lethargy in male rats.
-- Chronic neurotoxicity study - rat. LOAEL = 13.6/18 mg/kg/ day, M/F, based on the presence of myelinopathic alterations in the CNS in male rats and decreased average body weights, body weigh gains, food efficiency, absolute food consumption (F), and water consumption (M) Supporting this endpoint are similar CNS lesions and skin lesions observed in the mouse carcinogenicity study (NOAEL = 2.8).
-- The most highly exposed population subgroup is children 1-2 years old, at 47% of the cPAD.
-- EPA concluded that a FQPA SF in the form of UFDB of 10X is required until the data from the DNT study are received and evaluated.

-- Conditions: A developmental neurotoxicity study to determine the cause/relationship of potential central nervous system/myelinopathic alterations to neurotoxicity in the developing young.

July 16, 2003 OPP-2003-0205

BASF - Petition for pesticide tolerance.
-- Pesticide petition (PP 3F6560) proposes to establish a tolerance for residues of chlorfenapyr on all food items in food handling establishments where food products are held, processed, and/or prepared at 0.01 parts per million (ppm) due to application of chlorfenapyr to crack and crevice and spot applications.
-- Note: the following is the opinion of BASF, not US EPA.
-- Males appear to be more sensitive to the effects of chlorfenapyr than females.
-- Food. There are currently no established U.S. permanent food tolerances for chlorfenapyr. There are two tolerance petitions pending at EPA; 0.5 ppm tolerance on imported citrus and 1.5 ppm tolerance on greenhouse grown vegetable, fruiting, crop group 8. A dietary exposure estimate based on theoretical maximum residue contribution (TMRC) was conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model (DEEMTM) The TMRC is a ``worst case'' estimate for dietary exposure because it assumes that 100% of crop is treated and residues in the food are always found at the tolerance level. Additional assumptions used were all consumption of tomatoes-whole is from treated greenhouse grown tomatoes, greenhouse grown tomatoes are not processed, and all citrus juice in the U.S. is made from treated imported citrus pulp. Default processing factors were used to determine concentrations in processed fractions. The tolerance levels used in the dietary assessment were 0.5 ppm for citrus pulp, 1.5 ppm for vegetable, fruiting, group 8, and 0.01 ppm for all other crops.
-- Approved uses in the U.S. include applications to ornamental plants inside greenhouses, to a narrow band of soil adjacent to buildings and to crack-and-crevice and spot treatments inside structures. A pending use expands greenhouse applications to vegetable, fruiting, crop group
-- The parent molecule, chlorfenapyr is a pro-insecticide that is converted to the active form, CL 303,268, via rapid metabolism by mixed function oxidases (MFOs). The active form uncouples oxidative phosphorylation in the insect mitochondria by disrupting the proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. The production of ATP is inhibited resulting in the cessation of all cellular functions. Because of this unique mechanism of action, it is highly unlikely, that toxic effects produced by chlorfenapyr would be cumulative with those of any other pesticide chemical.
-- In mammals, there is a lower titer of MFOs, and chlorfenapyr is metabolized by different pathways (including dehalogenation, oxidation and ring hydroxylation) to other polar metabolites without any significant accumulation of the potent uncoupler, CL 303,268.
--
Other than children less than 12 years of age, hispanics are the U.S. population subgroup with the highest chronic exposure of 0.003403 mg/kg bwt/day, or 11.3% of the RfD.
--
In Mexico there is a MRL of 0.3 ppm for cottonseed.
NOTE: see comments submitted by FAN to US EPA on August 11, 2003; and for a response to these comments by BASF on September 17, 2003.

May 17, 2002 OPP-2002-0037 Revocation of Expired Time Limited Tolerances. FINAL RULE . Time-limited tolerances for fat; meat byproducts and meat of cattle, goats, hogs, horses and sheep; cottonseed; cotton gin byproducts; milk; and milk fat are being removed from 40 CFR 180.513 because they expired on January 31, 2001.
Jan 25, 2002 na

BASF - Extension of Experimental Use Permit ( 241-EUP-141) effective from Nov 26, 2001 to Dec 31, 2002. This EUP allows the use of 289.27 pounds of the termiticide chlorfenapyr (4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(ethoxymethyl)- 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile) on less than 22 acres of residential/commercial structures to evaluate the control of termites. The program is authorized only in the States of AL, AZ, AR, CA, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IO, KY, LA, MD, MA, MI, MS, MO, NE, NJ, NY, NC, OH, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, and WA.

Mar 19, 2001 OPP-30485A/30464B

BASF (formerly American Cyanamid) - Product Approvals for Alert (Pylon); AC 303,630 Technical (Chlorfenapyr Technical).

Sept 13, 2000 PF-971 BASF - Pesticide tolerance petition; in or on the raw agricultural commodity (RAC) (fruiting vegetables grown under greenhouse conditions) at 1.5 ppm.
-- Analytical method. The gas chromatography (GC) analytical method, M 2427, which is proposed as the enforcement method for the residue of chlorfenapyr in tomato and pepper, has a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.05 ppm.
-- Magnitude of residues. Tomato and pepper field trials have been conducted. The residue data were collected from studies having multiple applications (5) of chlorfenapyr with a maximum seasonal rate of up to 0.60 - 1.0 lb active ingredient/Acre to tomato and pepper. The resulting chlorfenapyr residues in the raw agricultural commodity ranged from <0.05 ppm (the LOQ of the method) to 1.2 ppm.
-- Males appear to be more sensitive to the effects of chlorfenapyr than females.
-- Rat oral teratology. NOAEL for maternal toxicity 25 mg/kg bwt/ day and NOAEL for fetal/developmental toxicity at 225 mg/kg bwt/day.
--
Rabbit oral teratology. NOAEL for maternal 5 mg/kg bwt/day and NOAEL for fetal/developmental toxicity 30 mg/kg bwt/day
-- Rat 2-generation reproduction. NOAEL for parental toxicity/ growth and offspring development 60 ppm (5 mg/kg bwt/day) and NOAEL for reproductive performance 600 ppm (44 mg/kg bwt/day).
-- Chronic toxicity tests: 1-year neurotoxicity in rats. NOAEL 60 ppm (2.6/3.4 mg/kg bwt/ day MF).
-- A petition for a permanent tolerance at 0.5 ppm for imported citrus is pending at the Agency.
May 10, 2000 OPP-34162

AMERICAN CYANAMID withdraws Application to Register Products used on Cotton. On March 13, 2000, Susan H. Wayland, Acting Assistant Administrator for the Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, signed a decision memorandum for the denial of chlorfenapyr use on cotton.

Nov 19, 1999 OPP- 30485

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Registration of Pesticide Product: Alert insecticide miticide. Active ingredient at 21.4%. Proposed classification/Use: For use on ornamental crops grown in commercial greenhouses to control spider mites, including two-spotted spider mite; worm pests, including beet armyworm, cabbage looper, and soybean looper; thrips, including western flower thrips; and greenhouse whiteflies.

Oct 20, 1999 OPP- 30483

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Registration application for pesticide product: Chlorfenapyr Insecticide Cattle Ear Tags. Active Ingredient at 30%. Proposed classification/Use: For use to control horn flies and lice on cattle.

Sept 1, 1999 OPP-300910 Re-Establishment of Tolerances for Emergency Exemptions; for residues of the insecticide chlorfenapyr and its metabolites in or on cottonseed and cotton gin byproducts at 0.5 and 2.0 ppm, respectively, and in livestock commodities at levels ranging from 0.01 to 0.3 ppm, for an additional 1\1/2\-year period. These tolerances will expire and are revoked on January 31, 2001.
Aug 26, 1999 PF-880

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Petition for Pesticide Tolerances for residues in or on imported citrus at 0.5 ppm. As citrus processed commodities fed to food animals may be transferred to milk and edible tissues, tolerances are also proposed for the following ruminant food items, milk at 0.01 ppm; milk fat at 0.15 ppm; meat at 0.01 ppm; and meat byproducts (including fat) at 0.10 ppm.

Aug 25, 1999 na

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Issuance of Experimental Use Permit: 241-EUP-141. This EUP allows the use of 1,600 pounds of the termiticide chlorfenapyr on 463 sites (structures) to evaluate the control of termites and other wood boring insects. The program is authorized only in the States of AL, AZ, AR, CA, CTt, DE, District of Columbia, FL, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IO, KY, LA, MD, MA, MI, MS, MO, NE, NJ, NY, NC, OH, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, and WA. The experimental use permit is effective from June 30, 1999 to November 30, 2000.

Feb 23, 1999 OPP-34162

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Availability of Risk and Benefit Assessments on new pesticide registratios of: PIRATE and ALERT for use on cotton. Extension of Comment Period.

Feb 3, 1999 OPP-30467

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Application to register new pesticide: Chlorfenapyr 25 WP Termiticide/Insecticide; containing active ingredient chlorfenapyr at 25.00%. Chlorfenapyr 25 WP is intended for use by Pest Management Professionals as a spot or crack and crevice spray for residual pest control of termite infestations in and around houses, apartments or other residential structures or commercial, institutional and warehousing establishments (such as schools, supermarkets, restaurants, and other areas).

Jan 20, 1999 OPP-34162 Availability of Risk and Benefit Assessments.
Dec 2, 1998 OPP-30464

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Applications to register 3 Pesticide Products: AC 303,630 Technical (for technical manufacturing); and for restricted use on cotton: Alert and Pirate (both Insecticide/Miticide).

Sept 30, 1998 PF-828

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Pesticide Tolerance Petition; for residues in or on the raw agricultural commodity milk, milk fat, meat, meat fat and meat byproducts at 0.01, 0.03, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.30 ppm respectively, derived from the use of chlorfenapyr ear tags on beef and dairy cattle.

June 15, 1998 OPP-30455

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Application to register the pesticide product: Chlorfenapyr Termiticide-Insecticide. Active ingredient Chlorfenapyr at 21.44 %. Proposed classification/Use: General. For use on cockroaches, ants, and wood infesting insects.

March 27, 1998 PF-799

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Pesticide Petition for a tolerance of 0.5 ppm for residues in or on the raw agricultural commodity citrus. As citrus processed commodities fed to food animals may be transferred to milk and edible tissues, tolerances are also proposed for the following ruminant food items: milk at 0.01 ppm; milk fat at 0.15 ppm; meat at 0.01 ppm; and meat by-products (including fat) at 0.10 ppm.

Feb 4, 1998 na

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Issuance of 2 Experimental Use Permits:
-- 241-EUP-142 - allows the use of 42.92 pounds of the insecticide chlorfenapyr on 2,160 head of cattle to evaluate the control of horn flies and lice. The program is authorized only in the States of AL, AR, CA, FL, GA, ID, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MS, MO, NE, NM, NC, ND, OK, TX, WI, and WY. The EUP is effective from December 23, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Time- limited tolerances have been established for residues of the active ingredient in or on cattle (fat, mbyp, and meat).
-- 241-EUP-143 - allows the use of 21.33 pounds of the insecticide chlorfenapyr on 2,160 head of cattle to evaluate the control of horn flies and lice. The program is authorized in the states cited above. The experimental use permit is effective from December 23, 1997 to July 31, 1998.
--Both permits will use the same active ingredient but different formulations.

Aug 22, 1997 OPP-300529 Pesticide Tolerances for Emergency Exemptions. - FINAL RULE. This regulation establishes time-limited tolerances for chlorfenapyr in or on cottonseed; cotton gin byproducts; milk; milk fat; meat of cattle, goats, hogs, horses, and sheep; fat of cattle, goats, hogs, horses, and sheep; and meat byproducts of cattle, goats, hogs, horses and sheep. These tolerances will expire and are revoked on July 31, 1999.
June 13, 1997 na

Emergency Exemption Request Withdrawn: Arizona Department of Agriculture withdrew their specific exemption request for the use of chlorfenapyr on lettuce to control the beet armyworm on December 27, 1996.

Mar 5, 1997 OPP-181033 Application for Emergency Exemption. Request from the Texas Department of Agriculture to use the pesticide chlorfenapyr, formulated as Pirate 3SC, to treat up to 1.8 million acres of cotton to control the beet armyworm.
Feb 5, 1997 PF-697

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Pesticide Tolerance Petition of 0.5 ppm in or on cottonseed.

Nov 13, 1996 na PIRATE. Emergency Exemption for use on cotton in TN.
Oct 30, 1996 OPP-181027 Request for Emergency Exemption to treat up to 65,000 acres of lettuce in AZ.
Oct 9, 1996 na PIRATE. Emergency Exemption for use on cotton in GA.
Oct 2, 1996 OPP-181022 PIRATE. Request for Emergency Exemption for use on cotton in CA.
July 24, 1996. OPP-181018 PIRATE. Request for Emergency Exemption to treat up to 1 million acres of cotton in TN.
June 19, 1996 na PIRATE. Emergency Exemption for use in LA.
June 12, 1996 PF-646

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Pesticide Tolerance Petition to add an import tolerance of 0.5 ppm for residues of AC 303,630.

May 10, 1996 na PIRATE. Emegency Exemption for use on cotton in Texas.
April 10, 1996 OPP-181006 PIRATE. Request for Emergency Exemption to treat up to 3,300,000 acres of cotton and tobacco in Alabama and Mississippi.
Mar 20, 1996 OPP-181001 PIRATE. Request from Louisiana for Emergency Exemption to treat up to 1 million acres of cotton.
Feb 28, 1996 OPP-180991 Request for Emergency Exemption to treat up to 1.8 million acres of cotton in TX.
Feb 21, 1996 na PIRATE. Emergency Exemptions for use on cotton in AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MS, TX.
Sept 13, 1995 OPP-180980 PIRATE. Emergency Exemption for use on cotton in AL, AR, LA, MS.
July 7, 1995 OPP-180974 PIRATE. Requests for Emergency Exemption for use on up to 2,125,000 acres in the southeastern region of the cotton belt (AL, AR, LA, MS, TN).
Mar 29, 1995 na

AMERICAN CYANAMID - Issuance of Experimental Use Permit (241-EUP-128) for use on 150 acres of greenhouse and shadehouse ornamentals to evaluate the control of various insect pests. The EUP is effective from January 18, 1995 to January 18, 1997.

 
Fluoride Action Network | Pesticide Project | 315-379-9200 | pesticides@fluoridealert.org