Adverse Effects
Prodiamine
CAS No.
29091-21-2

 
 

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Activity: Herbicide (2,6-Dinitroaniline)
Structure:


Adverse Effects:
Body Weight Decrease
Cancer: Possible Human Carcinogen: THYROID, PANCREAS, FIBROSARCOMAS
Endocrine
: Suspected Disruptor
Endocrine: Thyroid
Fibrosarcomas
Liver
Pancreas
Environmental

Body Weight Decrease (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Chronic/Subchronic Toxicity Studies. Prodiamine: Liver (alteration and enlargement) and thyroid effects (hormone imbalances) at high dose levels (rats); decreased body weight gains.
-- Carcinogenic Potential. Prodiamine: Benign thyroid tumors (rat). None observed (mouse).
-- Target Organs. Prodiamine: Liver and Thyroid.
Ref: Material Safety Data Sheet for Barricade 65WG Herbicide. Novartis. February 28, 2000.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Prodiamine.MSDS.2000.pdf

Cancer: Possible Human Carcinogen: THYROID (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Group C--Possible Human Carcinogen. Reviewed 7/ 15/ 91.
Ref: List of Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential. Science Information Management Branch, Health Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. March 15, 2002.
http://www.biomuncie.org/chemicals_evaluated_for_carcinog.htm

Title of this publshed paper: Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents.
Some mutagenic data are available on all 24 pesticides producing thyroid tumors. "... acetochlor, clofentezine, fenbuconazole, fipronil, pendimethalin, pentachloronitrobenzene, prodiamine, pyrimethanil, and thiazopyr seem to enhance the hepatic metabolism and excretion of thyroid hormone." The organofluorine pesticides cited in this abstract are: Fipronil, Prodiamine, Thiazopyr, and Trifluralin.
Ref: 1998. Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents; by Hurley PM. Environ Health Perspect Aug;106(8):437-45.

-- Carcinogenic Potential. Prodiamine: Benign thyroid tumors (rat). None observed (mouse).
-- Target Organs. Prodiamine: Liver and Thyroid.
Ref: Material Safety Data Sheet for Barricade 65WG Herbicide. Novartis. February 28, 2000.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Prodiamine.MSDS.2000.pdf

Endocrine: Suspected Disruptor (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Suspected Endocrine Disruptor
Ref: PAN Pesticides Database

Suspected Endocrine Disruptor
Ref: June 14, 2001 - Implementation of the Community Strategy for Endocrine Disruptors - a range of substances suspected of interfering with the hormone systems of humans and wildlife. Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels COM (2001) 262 final.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Endocrine.Disruptors.EC2001.pdf
- More information available at: http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/com/cnc/2001/com2001_0262en01.pdf

Endocrine: Thyroid (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Abstract: Of 240 pesticides screened for carcinogenicity by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs, at least 24 (10%) produce thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents. Thirteen of the thyroid carcinogens also induce liver tumors, mainly in mice, and 9 chemicals produce tumors at other sites. Some mutagenic data are available on all 24 pesticides producing thyroid tumors. Mutagenicity does not seem to be a major determinant in thyroid carcinogenicity, except for possibly acetochlor; evidence is less convincing for ethylene thiourea and etridiazole. Studies on thyroid-pituitary functioning, including indications of thyroid cell growth and/or changes in thyroxine, triiodothyronine, or thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, are available on 19 pesticides. No such antithyroid information is available for etridiazole, N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, terbutryn, triadimefon, and trifluralin. Of the studied chemicals, only bromacil lacks antithyroid activity under study conditions. Intrathyroidal and extrathyroidal sites of action are found: amitrole, ethylene thiourea, and mancozeb are thyroid peroxidase inhibitors; and acetochlor, clofentezine, fenbuconazole, fipronil, pendimethalin, pentachloronitrobenzene, prodiamine, pyrimethanil, and thiazopyr seem to enhance the hepatic metabolism and excretion of thyroid hormone. Thus, with 12 pesticides that mode of action judgments can be made, 11 disrupt thyroid-pituitary homeostasis only; no chemical is mutagenic only; and acetochlor may have both antithyroid and some mutagenic activity. More information is needed to identify other potential antithyroid modes of thyroid carcinogenic action.
Ref: Hurley PM (1998). Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents. Environ Health Perspect; Aug;106(8):437-45.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9681970&dopt=Abstract

• Note from FAN:
Of the pesticides cited in the above abstract the following are organofluorines:
Fipronil, Prodiamine, Thiazopy, and Trifluralin

-- Chronic/Subchronic Toxicity Studies. Prodiamine: Liver (alteration and enlargement) and thyroid effects (hormone imbalances) at high dose levels (rats); decreased body weight gains.
-- Carcinogenic Potential. Prodiamine: Benign thyroid tumors (rat). None observed (mouse).
-- Target Organs. Prodiamine: Liver and Thyroid.
Ref: Material Safety Data Sheet for Barricade 65WG Herbicide. Novartis. February 28, 2000.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Prodiamine.MSDS.2000.pdf

Fibrosarcomas (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Group C -- Possible Human Carcinogen. Thyroid follicular cell neoplasia (M & F); Pancreatic adenomas (F) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Fibrosarcomas; CD-1 mice (M).
Ref:
April 26, 2006 . Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential by the Office of Pesticide Programs. From: Jess Rowland, Chief Science Information Management Branch Health Effect Division (7509C) Office of Pesticide Programs, USEPA.
http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/pesticides.cancer.potential.2006.pdf

Liver (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Chronic/Subchronic Toxicity Studies. Prodiamine: Liver (alteration and enlargement) and thyroid effects (hormone imbalances) at high dose levels (rats); decreased body weight gains.
-- Carcinogenic Potential. Prodiamine: Benign thyroid tumors (rat). None observed (mouse).
-- Target Organs. Prodiamine: Liver and Thyroid.
Ref: Material Safety Data Sheet for Barricade 65WG Herbicide. Novartis. February 28, 2000.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Prodiamine.MSDS.2000.pdf

Pancreas (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Group C -- Possible Human Carcinogen. Thyroid follicular cell neoplasia (M & F); Pancreatic adenomas (F) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Fibrosarcomas; CD-1 mice (M).
Ref:
April 26, 2006 . Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential by the Office of Pesticide Programs. From: Jess Rowland, Chief Science Information Management Branch Health Effect Division (7509C) Office of Pesticide Programs, USEPA.
http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/pesticides.cancer.potential.2006.pdf

Environmental (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Prodiamine: Highly toxic to fish and invertebrates.
Prodiamine: Eco-Acute Toxicity
-- Rainbow Trout 96-hour LC50 0.83 ppm
-- Bluegill Sunfish 96-hour LC 50 0.55 ppm
-- Daphnia magna 48-hour LC50 0.66 ppm

Ref: 2002 - Material Safety Data Sheet. Barricade 4FL Herbicide. Syngenta.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Prodiamine.MSDS.Syngenta.02.pdf

Ref: Acute Aquatic Ecotoxicity Summaries for Prodiamine on Fish, Pesticide Action Network. http://www.pesticideinfo.org/PCW/List_AquireAcuteSum.jsp?CAS_No=29091-21-2&Rec_Id=PC34255&Taxa_Group=Fish
Common Name Scientific Name Avg Species LC50 (ug/L) LC50 Std Dev Number of Studies Avg Species Rating
Fish
Sheepshead minnow Cyprinodon variegatus 450.0 - 1 Highly Toxic
Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus 76,000 24,000 2 Slightly Toxic
Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus 7,777 8,428 3 Moderately Toxic
Rainbow trout,donaldson trout Oncorhynchus mykiss 829.0 - 1 Highly Toxic
Pro
 
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