Return to Fluoroglycofen-ethyl Index Page

Activity: Herbicide
Structure for "Fluoroglycofen"

Adverse Effects:
Ataxia
Blood
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Embryotoxic / Fetotoxic - rabbits only
Kidney
Liver

Ataxia (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

In the main study, fluoroglycofen-ethyl (97.8% pure) was administered by gavage to groups of 18 New Zealant White rabbits at concentrations of 1 (water and vehicle controls), 10, 30 and 90 mg/kg bw/day on days 8-18 of gestation. The animals were killed on day 29.... Overt signs of toxicity seen from days 10-29 in the 90 mg/kg bw/day groups were an increased incidence of scant, red and/or soft faeces, thin appearance, red vaginal discharge, ataxia and lethargy. Maternal body weights in the 90 mg/kg bw/day group were decreased from day 12 to the end of gestaion.
Ref: Evaluation on: Fluoroglycofen-ethyl. May 1992. Issue No. 50. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Pesticides Safety Directorate, UK.
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/citizen/evaluations/evallist_alphabet.htm

Blood (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

In the mouse 1 and 3 month study, the rat 1 month study and the dog 52 week study, reductions in haemoglobin levels, red blood cell numbers and packed cell volume were variously seen, predominantly at the top doses. Nucleated and polychromatic red blood cell numbers were raised in the rat study only. These effects appeared reversible, in both the 1 month rat and mouse studies. It would appear that any potential haemolytic effects, possibly from aniline-derivatives, are of secondary importance to other subchronic effects...
Ref: Evaluation on: Fluoroglycofen-ethyl. May 1992. Issue No. 50. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Pesticides Safety Directorate, UK.
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/citizen/evaluations/evallist_alphabet.htm

Body Weight Decrease (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

In the main study, fluoroglycofen-ethyl (97.8% pure) was administered by gavage to groups of 18 New Zealant White rabbits at concentrations of 1 (water and vehicle controls), 10, 30 and 90 mg/kg bw/day on days 8-18 of gestation. The animals were killed on day 29.... Overt signs of toxicity seen from days 10-29 in the 90 mg/kg bw/day groups were an increased incidence of scant, red and/or soft faeces, thin appearance, red vaginal discharge, ataxia and lethargy. Maternal body weights in the 90 mg/kg bw/day group were decreased from day 12 to the end of gesttion... The NOEL for embryo/fetotoxicity was 30 mg/kg bw/day, based on increased resorptions and abortions and decreased fetal size and viability at 90 mg/kg bw/day. The NOEL for maternal toxicity was 30 mg/kg bw/day, based on overt signs of toxicity, decreased maternal body weights, and maternal deaths at 90 mg/kg bw/day.
Ref: Evaluation on: Fluoroglycofen-ethyl. May 1992. Issue No. 50. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Pesticides Safety Directorate, UK.
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/citizen/evaluations/evallist_alphabet.htm

Bone (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

In the main study, fluoroglycofen-ethyl (97.8% pure) was administered by gavage to groups of 18 New Zealant White rabbits at concentrations of 1 (water and vehicle controls), 10, 30 and 90 mg/kg bw/day on days 8-18 of gestation. The animals were killed on day 29.... Overt signs of toxicity seen from days 10-29 in the 90 mg/kg bw/day groups were an increased incidence of scant, red and/or soft faeces, thin appearance, red vaginal discharge, ataxia and lethargy. Maternal body weights in the 90 mg/kg bw/day group were decreased from day 12 to the end of gesttion... Two animals in the 90 mg/kg bw/day group died on day 19, ten aborted their litters between days 21 - 26, and one litter was entirely resorbed at necropsy. Most of the resorptions in this dose group were late resorptions. In the 90 mg/kg bw/day group there was an increased number or resorptions and a decrease in the number of viable fetuses, although the latter was not statistically significant. As a result of this, the viability index (No. viable fetuses/ No. corpora lutea) were reduced. The sex ratio of the fetuses was not altered by fluoroglycofen-ethyl, but the mean weights and crown-to-rump lengths were decreased in fetuses of both sexes at 90 mg/kg bw/day. The decrease in fetal weight was reflected in a decrease in the weight of the gravid uterus in the high dose group. There was a treatment related increase in the incidence of unossified talus in the high dose group, but overall, fluoroglycofen-ethyl did not alter the incidences of developmental variations or malformations. When administered to New Zealand White rabbis by gavage on days 8-18 of gestation at 90 mg/kg bw/day, fluoroglycofen-ethyl was abortifacient, maternally toxic, and feto- and embryotoxic. The NOEL for embryo/fetotoxicity was 30 mg/kg bw/day, based on increased resorptions and abortions and decreased fetal size and viability at 90 mg/kg bw/day. The NOEL for maternal toxicity was 30 mg/kg bw/day, based on overt signs of toxicity, decreased maternal body weights, and maternal deaths at 90 mg/kg bw/day.
Definition of Talus: the bone in the ankle that articulates with the leg bones to form the ankle joint.
Ref: Evaluation on: Fluoroglycofen-ethyl. May 1992. Issue No. 50. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Pesticides Safety Directorate, UK.
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/citizen/evaluations/evallist_alphabet.htm

Embryotoxic / Fetotoxic (rabbits only) (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

The teratogenic potential and maternal toxicity of fluoroglycofen-ethyl was investigated in rats and rabbits. In rats, fluoroglycofen-ethyl was not embryotoxic, fetotoxic or teratogenic at doses of up to 200 mg/kg bw/day. It was maternally toxic at doses of 60 mg/kg bw/day upwards, as seen by overt signs and decreased body weight gain. In rabbits, it was abortifacient (increased abortions) feto- and embyotoxic (increased resorptions, decreased fetal size and viability) and maternally toxic (maternal deaths and decreased maternal weights) at 90 mg/kg bw/day. There was no evidence of teratogenicity in rabbits. The NOEL for embryo/fetotoxicity was 30 mg/kg bw/day in rabbits and >200 mg/kg bw/day in rats. The NOEL for maternal toxicity was 30 mg/kg bw/day in rabbits and 18 mg/kg bw/day in rats.
Ref: Evaluation on: Fluoroglycofen-ethyl. May 1992. Issue No. 50. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Pesticides Safety Directorate, UK.
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/citizen/evaluations/evallist_alphabet.htm

Kidney (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

--In the mouse 1 and 3 month study, the rat 1 month study and the dog 52 week study, reductions in haemoglobin levels, red blood cell numbers and packed cell volume were variously seen, predominantly at the top doses. Nucleated and polychromatic red blood cell numbers were raised in the rat study only. These effects appeared reversible, in both the 1 month rat and mouse studies. It would appear that any potential haemolytic effects, possibly from aniline-derivatives, are of secondary importance to other subchronic effects. In dogs there were initial decreases in body weight and food consumption, which returned to normal with time, and increased liver and kidney weights. There was a brown pigment of unknown aetiology in the renal cortical tubule epithelial cells, which was PAS and iron-negative.
-- The chronic toxicity and oncongenicity of fluoroglycofen-ethyl was investigated in mice (2 studies) and rats. In both species, the systemic toxicity was much the same as had been seen in the sub-acute studies, the main effects being on the liver and kidneys... In the rat study, brown pigment was observed in the renal tubular cells from week 14 to termination in the high dose group. A decrease in packed cell volume, haemoglobin and red cell counts were also seen at the top dose.
-- A satellite group which was treated for 14 weeks and then given a 13 week recovery period showed that the compound related effects were at least partially reversible. The NOEL for chronic oral exposure to fluoroglycofen-ethyl was 0.95 mg/kg bw/da (20 ppm) based on the hepatic and renal effects at 100 ppm.
Ref: Evaluation on: Fluoroglycofen-ethyl. May 1992. Issue No. 50. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Pesticides Safety Directorate, UK.
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/citizen/evaluations/evallist_alphabet.htm

Liver (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- The pertinent study proposed for consumer risk assessment was the rat chronic study. However, 2 mouse chronic/oncongenicity studies were performed. The first showed liver neoplasia at <> 50 ppm, whilst histopatholical and organ weight effects were seen at all doses (10-250 ppm). Hence a NOEL could not be determined. The second sudy failed to find effects at up to 10 ppm. The mouse NOEL was therefore cncluded to be 10 ppm based on the second study, which allowed for the NOEL for neoplasia as seen in the first study. It should be noted that the second study employed technical material with lower levels of impurities. The technical fluoroglycofen-ethyl used in the initial mouse study was used in the rat chronic study without any treatment-related carcinogenicity. Peroxisome proliferation has been implicated by the applicant as the cause of hepatic neoplasia in mice. Subchronic studies in mice have shown peroxisome proliferation, along with biochemical and morphological changes in liver attributable to peroxisome proliferation, at similar doses to those which have caused hepatic neoplasia in the chronic study. It is important to note that this assessment is based only on fluoroglycofen-ethyl and its mammalian metabolites in which the diphenyl ether bond remains intact.
-- The pertinent no effect level from subacute/subchronic studies was 9 mg/kg bw/day (80 ppm) taken from the 14 day rat study, based primarily on enlarged livers and altered liver enzyme function at 800 ppm. This figure is above the no observed effect levels for the 3 month dietary mouse study and the 14 days perosxome prolifertion study. However, these figures were based on slight increases in hepatocellular hypertrophy at the next dose, which in the 3 month mouse study were shown to be reversible, especially at the lower dose. Hence the no adverse effect level for mice was concluded to be 9.6 mg/kg bw/day. The rat 8 mg/kg bw/day NEL is also lower than the dog 52 week study NEL (9.9-9.9 mg/kg bw/day) which was based on increased liver and kidney weights at higher doses.
-- The chronic toxicity and oncongenicity of fluoroglycofen-ethyl was investigated in mice (2 studies) and rats. In both species, the systemic toxicity was much the same as had been seen in the sub-acute studies, the main effects being on the liver and kidneys. In the first mouse study, carcinogenicity, as seen by primary liver neoplasms, was increased at 50 and 250 pm but not at 10 ppm...
-- A satellite group which was treated for 14 weeks and then given a 13 week recovery period showed that the compound related effects were at least partially reversible. The NOEL for chronic oral exposure to fluoroglycofen-ethyl was 0.95 mg/kg bw/da (20 ppm) based on the hepatic and renal effects at 100 ppm.
Ref: Evaluation on: Fluoroglycofen-ethyl. May 1992. Issue No. 50. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Pesticides Safety Directorate, UK.
http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/citizen/evaluations/evallist_alphabet.htm