FLUORIDE ACTION NETWORK PESTICIDE PROJECT
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1968 - 1969 Fluoride Abstracts.
| Abstracts
for the following years: Part 1 - mainly biochemistry and physiology (brain, hormonal, G-proteins, etc.) Part 2 ("b") - all other |
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1970
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1968
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Biochem Pharmacol 1968 Feb;17(2):195-202
The effect of injections of fluorocitrate into the brains of rats.
Morselli PL, Garattini S, Marcucci F, Mussini E, Rewersky W, Valzelli L, Peters RA.
PMID: 5647046 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4238275&dopt=AbstractPhysiol Bohemoslov 1968;17(6):553-62
The effect of potassium, ouabain and sodium fluoride on the development of cell potentials in the tissue of the cerebral hemispheres of chick embryos.
Sedlacek J, Macek O.
PMID: 4238275 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Science 1969 Apr 18;164(877):310-2
Acute axonal dystrophy caused by fluorocitrate: the role of mitochondrial swelling.
Koenig H.
PMID: 4180472 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Arch De Vecchi Anat Patol 1968 Mar;51(1):227-39
[Regeneration of the atrophic testis due to fluoracetamide]
[Article in Italian]
Mazzanti L, Lopez M.
PMID: 5737301 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Experientia 1968 Mar 15;24(3):258-9
[Regeneration by fluoroacetamide of the atrophic testic]
[Article in Italian]
Mazzanti L, Lopez M, Del Tacca M.
PMID: 5661423 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Neurology 1968 Mar;18(3):296
The neurochemical effects of fluorocitrate.
Patel A, Koenig H.
PMID: 5690388 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4973202&dopt=Abstract
Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol 1968;1(4):346-64
Injury of primary spermatocytes during the meiotic prophase and temporary arrest of spermatogenesis induced by fluoracetamide in the rat.
Novi AM.
PMID: 4973202 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1969 Jul;168(1):146-52
Effects of environmental lighting and chronic denervation on the activation of adenyl cyclase of rat pineal gland by norepinephrine and sodium fluoride.
Weiss B.
PMID: 4307317 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5822627&dopt=AbstractJ Neurochem 1969 Jun;16(3):855-64
Activators and inhibitors of brain glutaminase.
Weil-Malherbe H.
PMID: 5822627 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4900578&dopt=AbstractBiochim Biophys Acta 1969 Oct 22;190(2):434-41
On the mechanism of inhibition by fluoride ions of the DNA polymerase reaction.
Hellung-Larsen P, Klenow H.
PMID: 4900578 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Fluoride 1969; 2(2):85-90Carcinogenicity and oxidation of fluoro-derivatives of dimethylaminoazobenzene
J Marhold and M Matrika
Research Institute for Organic Synthesis, Pardubice-Rybitvi, Czechoslovakia
Summary. The carcinogenicity of dimethylminoazobenzene (DAB) is greatly affected by the substitution by fluorine. In the assumption that oxidation could have a bearing on the carcinogenic effect of DAB and its derivatives, oxidation of several 4'-derivatives was tested. With the exception of 4'-methoxy-DAB, fluorine can be replaced readily by hydroxyl. Analogous derivatives as in oxidation by cerium sulphate in vitro were demonstrated in the bile of rats after peroral application. It is possible that the carcinogenic activity of DAB is influenced by fluoridation through the replacement of fluorine by hydroxyl, with the oxidation of 4'-hydroxy-DAB to a chinoid form, and its reduction under demethylation.
Fluoride 1969; 2(2):76-84Cytogenetic effects of hydrogen fluoride on plants
AH Mohamed
Department of Biology, University of MIssouri, Kansas City, Missouri
Summary. Studies on the effects of HF on meiotic chromosomes of tomatoes indicated a trend toward a higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations with an increase in the fumigation period. It was indicated that HF was capable of inducing paracentric inversions with the possibility of the induction of deficiencies, duplications or even translocations. The progeny obtained from the treated plants produced a number of abnormal phenotypes, the same as, or similar to, known mutations. Further studies in maize microsporocytes for plants treated with HF confirmed the cytological results obtained in tomatoes with clear evidence of the occurrence of inversions, translocations and deficiencies. These results suggest that HF seems to affect primarily the DNA molecule by blocking its replication, probably through its action on the enzymatic systems.
Fluoride 1969 2(4):195-200"Neighborhood" fluorosis
GL Waldbott and VA Cecilioni
Summary. In 32 individuals residing near fluoride-emitting fertilizer factories and an iron foundry where fluoride damage to vegetation, livestock and to materials was established, evidence of the non-skeletal phase of fluorosis is presented. The symptomatology of the disease is identical with that of the non-skeletal phase of fluorosis recorded by others in industrial fluorosis, in "neighborhood" fluorosis, in hydrofluorosis and in fluoride intoxication from long-term administration of fluoride tablets. Principally involved are musculoskeletal, gastro-intestinal and respiratory systems. Fluoride assays of hay, flydust, food, human tissue and urine are presented. Ten individuals exhibited the skin lesions designated as "Chizzola Maculae" which have been described recently in populations exposed to fluoride emanations near aluminum factories in Itarly.
Fluoride 1969 2(4):229-235
Biological effect of fluoride on plantsGF Collet
Federal Agricultural Research Station, Lausanne, Switzerland
Summary.
1. Fluosilicates penetrate into plants more readily than the other fluoride compounds employed in this study.2. Boron enhances the accumulation of F, provided that it is not a part of the fluorine molecule.
3. Fluoborate is less toxic than the other F compounds.
Fluoride 1969 2(4):222-228Fluoride accumulation in leaves due to boron-containing fertilizers
E Bovay
Federal Research Station for Agricultural Chemistry, Liebefeld/Bern, Switzerland
Summary. In Switzerland's Rhone Valley, apricot orchards and vineyards exposed to F emissions from aluminum and phosphate fertilizer factories displayed typical fluoride-induced necroses of the foliage. Up to 600 ppm F in dry matter was found in the plant tissue. The damage was limited to a few strictly circumscribed, individually owned parcels of land.
Experiments upon the land as well as in pot-cultures showed that the high F content in the plants resulted from certain fertilizers - the end product of a special factory process. These boron-containing combined fertilizers were obtained by direct reaction of sulphuric acid or nitric acid upon the raw products. A particular chemical combination containing fluorine and boron is formed in the fertilizer during the manufacturing process. The action of this special combination is similar to that of potassium fluorborate (KBF4).
Fluoride 1969; 2(2):128-131Effects of fluoride on cells and tissues in culture. A review.
RJ Berry
Churchill Hospital, Oxford, England
Summary. Various authors have studied the effect of fluoride ion upon mammalian cells using many different biological end-points, of which inhibition of the function of specific cellular enzymes, survival of cell reproductive capacity, production of abnormalities of cell division and alteration in the rate of cell proliferation are a representative sample. In this review the minimum fluoride ion concentration at which biological effects are detedable are compared for each of these end-points. The usefulness of such in vitro studies for evaluation of potential whole-animal toxicity is discussed.
Fluoride 1969; 2(2):120-124Occupational skeletal fluorosis
J Lezovic and Arnost
Stomatology Clinic, University of Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Conclusion. Four cases of skeletal fluorosis are described in individuals who had been working in an aluminum plant for periods up to 12 years. Two patients exhibited radiological changes indicative of the first stage of the disease and two of the second stage. All patients exhibited backache, pains in arms and legs and paresthesias. Laboratory tets were of little diagnostic value. Twenty-four hour urinary fluoride excretion ranged from 1.15 mg to 6 mg. The teeth contained unusually high fluoride levels.
Fluoride 1969; 2(2):106-115Effects of fluoride, Vitamin D, and Parathyroid Extract
LR Hac and S Freeman
Department of Biochemistry, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
Fluoride 1969; 2(2):97-105Fluoride emissions from phosphate processing plants
FL Cross Jr and RW Ross
Cross was formerly Director of Environmental Engineering for Manatee County, Florida
Fluoride 1969; 2(2):91-96Interaction of fluorine with serum albumin
C Manoni di S. Stefano and M Ruggien
Institute of Human Physiology and the Odontoiatric Clinic, University of Naples, Italy
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):4-12Fluoride as air pollutant
E MacDonald, PhD (Berkeley CA)
Introduction. Fluoride, sulfur dioxide and ozone are recognized to be among the most serious air pollutants. Chlorine and ethylene follow next in importance (1). Fluoride gases in the air exist principally as hydrogen fluoride (HF), silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) and their aqueous solutions. Fluoride compounds reach the air from two soures: 1. Volcanic action, 2. Man's industrial activities.
Note from FAN: This article overviews the Meuse Valley Disaster in Belgium and the Donora Disaster in Pennsylvania; contributions from specific coal burning plants; and information on clay, cryolite, fluorspar, HF, and phosphate rock.
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):13-24Fluoride hazards among welders
J Krechniak
Department of Toxicological and Forensic Chemistry, Medical Academy, Gdansk, Poland
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):25-32The influence of fluorine compounds on the biological life near an aluminum factory
J Lezovic
Chairman, Stomatological Clinic, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Summary. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of tissues, milk and teeth, along with clinical and pathological findings of bones, showed that the biological life near an aluminum factory was adversely affected by fluoride emissions.
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):28-32Air pollution by fluoride compounds near an aluminum factory
Macuch P, Hluchan E, Mayer J, Able E
Research Institute for Hygiene, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):33-36Effects of fluorine emissions on the living organism
Balazova G, Macuch P, Rippel, A
Research Institute for Hygiene, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Summary.
1. In an area near an aluminum factory, excessively high F levels were found in the air and in dust. This fact was reflected in high F levels of agricultural products grown in the area.2. High F levels were noted in urine, hair, nails and teeth in the child population residing in the immediate surroundings of the factory.
3. In children living in the exposed area since birth hemoglobin values were lower, erythrocyte values higher than in the control area.
4. The average daily F intake was calculated at 2.5 mg for the exposed children as compared with about 1 mg in the controls.
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):37-39Endemic skin lesions near an aluminum factory
S Steinegger
Medico Aggiunto-Vizeamtsarzt, Ufficio Sanitario, Bolzano, Italy
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):40-48Observations on fluorine pollution due to emissions from a aluminum plant in Trentino
Colombini M, Mauri C, Olivo R, Vivoli G
Medical Office of Health, Trento; the Chair of Department of Occupational Medicine and The Hygiene Institute of the University of Modena.
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):49-54Experiments on rabbits fed forage grow near an aluminum factory
Colombini M, Mauri C, Olivo R, Vivoli G
Instituto D'Igiene Dell Universita Di Modena, Cattedra Di Medicina Del Lavoro, Universita Di Modena and Ufficio Del Medico Provinciale Di Trento
Summary. Rabbits were fed forage grown in an area near an aluminum factory and forage artificially contaminated by substances collected from the purification system of the factory. At regular intervals serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphorus, leucocyte alkaline phosphatase and non-specific esterases were determined. After about five months, the animals were killed and fragments of the tibia were analyzed for fluoride.
The serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus levels did not show any significant changes in the treated animas. A decrease in the leukoctic alkaline phosphatase in both, the percentage of the positive pseudo-eosinophils and the intensity of the reaction was observed. No significant changes of the nonspecific esterases were observed in the granulocytes and monocytes of the peripheral blood. The fluoride content of the bones of the treated rabbits was almost twice as high as that of the controls.
Fluoride 1969; 2(1):55-59Alleviation of industrial fluorosis in a herd
Ruth Allcroft and KN Burns
Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food, Weybridge, Surrey, England
Summary. In order to determine the allleviating effet of aluminum and calcium in fluorosis, a herd of 24 Ayshire cows was exposed to airborne fluoride and divided in 3 groups. Under proper experimental conditions one group was given supplements of aluminum sulfate, another aluminum sulfate plus calcium carbonate and anhydrous sodium phosphate. A third group was used as control. Urinary fluorine excretion, skeletal fluoride accumulation and the general health of the animals were evaluated. Aluminum sulfate reduced bone fluoride storage by 22% in comparison with controls. The calcium phosphorous supplement did not enhance the effect of aluminum sulfate alone. However, it appeared that fluoride accumulation was merely delayed and storage to undesirable levels could not be prevented by the aluminum sulfate treatment.
British Medical Journal 1969; 1:671-3
Adverse effect of topical fluorinated corticosteroids in rosacea
Ian Sneddon, M.B., F.R.C.P.
Rupert Hallam Dept. of Dermatology, Royal Infirmary
NOTE: Martin Rodbell (co-author of this report) and Alfred G. Gilman shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for the discovery of "G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."
J Biol Chem 1969 Jul 10;244(13):3468-76
Adenyl cyclase in fat cells. 1. Properties and the effects of adrenocorticotropin and fluoride.
Birnbaumer L, Pohl SL, Rodbell M.
PMID: 4307452 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Biol Chem 1969 Dec 10;244(23):6363-70Guanyl cyclase, an enzyme catalyzing the formation of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate from guanosine trihosphate.
Hardman JG, Sutherland EW.
PMID: 4982201 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Air Pollut Control Assoc 1969 Dec;19(12):956Atmospheric fluorides.
Waldbott GL.
PMID: 5391000 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Steroids 1969 Dec;14(6):729-53The addition of nitrosyl fluoride to steroid 9(11)-olefins. (1).
Gratz JP, Rosenthal D.
PMID: 5361345 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Biochem J 1969 Dec;115(5):51P-52PAcid phosphatases in rat heart.
Maggi V.
PMID: 5360705 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Clin Invest 1969 Dec;48(12):2244-50Decreased myocardial adenyl cyclase activity in hypothyroidism.
Levey GS, Skelton CL, Epstein SE.
PMID: 4311237 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Nippon Shonika Gakkai Zasshi 1969 Nov;73(11):1900-5[Toxicity of NaF. (1). Effect of NaF on rat fetus]
[Article in Japanese]
Goto K.
PMID: 5393383 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Biochem J 1969 Nov;115(2):191-7Heterogeneity of liver acid phosphatases in developing chick embryo.
Wang KM.
PMID: 5378378 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Ann Rheum Dis 1969 Nov;28(6):677Chronic fluoride intoxication.
Vischer T.
PMID: 5363249 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Arch Oral Biol 1969 Nov;14(11):1343-7Total fluoride content of human serum.
Singer L, Armstrong WD.
PMID: 5260897 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5776021&dopt=AbstractJ Pharmacol Exp Ther 1969 Mar;166(1):170-8
Experimental seizure-threshold testing with fluorthyl.
Prichard JW, Gallagher BB, Glaser GH.
PMID: 5776021 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5370236&dopt=AbstractEur J Pharmacol 1969 Dec;8(3):364-8
Effect of fenfluramine on the d-amphetamine toxicity in mice.
Jespersen S, Bonaccorsi A.
PMID: 5370236 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1969 Jul;15(1):83-91
Animal toxicity of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol.
Blake DA, Cascorbi HF, Rozman RS, Meyer FJ.
PMID: 5808208 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Science 1969 Jun 6;164(884):1123-30
The carbon-fluorine bond in compounds of biological interest.
Goldman P.
Publication Types: ReviewPMID: 4890091 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Vet Rec 1969 Apr 19;84(16):399-402
Fluoroacetamide poisoning. I. Toxicity in dairy cattle: clinical history and preliminary investigations.
Allcroft R, Jones JS.
PMID: 5815467 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Vet Rec 1969 Apr 19;84(16):403-9
Fluoroacetamide poisoning. II. Toxicity in dairy cattle: confirmation of diagnosis.
Allcroft R, Salt FJ, Peters RA, Shorthouse M.
PMID: 5791850 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Chemii Toksykologicznej 1969; 2:11-16
An attempt to evaluate exposure to fluorides based upon fluoride levels in hair
Byczkowski S, Krechniak J, and Gietazyn T
Zakladn Stomatology Zachowawdzsy, Poland
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):2-8Errors in fluoride analysis
W. Oelischlager
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Agricultural University, Hohenheim/Stuttgart, Germany
Analysis for fluoride is subject to many errors. Some occur prior to the actual analysis, i.e., at sampling, grinding and ashing. Others arise if the samples contain much silica, if the distilliation is not complete and if the distillate is not correctly concentrated. Before describing the method itself and explaining the semi-automatic distillation apparatus, the preparation of calcium oxide which has to be added to material of animal origin before it is ashed, will be discussed.
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):9-14The analytical partition of the fluorine compounds present in some tropical plants and soils
RJ Hall
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, National Agricultural Advisory Service, Kenton Barr, UK
Fluoride 1968; 1(1);15-20The degree of variation in urinary fluoride levels in subjects not unduly exposed to fluoride
Rene Truhaut and Nguyen Phu Lich
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):21-26The solubility of various fluorine compounds in soil
L Gisiger
Eidenossische, Agrikulturchemische Anstalt, Liebefeld-Bern, Switzerland
Summary. In experimental plants F added as cryolite resulted in a higher fluoride uptake than when simple KF and NaF were added. In pot experiments extending over 2 years, with a somewhat weak humous sandy-loam, the solubility of fluorine in the form of NaF, KF, and their corresponding cryolites was determined by analysis of the seepage water for F. The results were surprising in as much as with equal doses of F in the seepage water the cryolite pots showed consistently higher F levels than those with simple NaF and KF. When more sodium was added, an increase of exhange potassium occurred whereas with increasing potassium the exchangeable sodium showed a high level at first but subsequentllly a distinct decrease. This is explained on the basis of the reduction of the difference of the clay layers in the soil.
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):27-33Fluoride uptake in plants
K Garber
Staatsinstitut fur Angewandte Botanik, Hamburg, Germany
Summary. Plants take up F compounds from the soil through the roots and from the air (as gas or in solution) through the leaves. The natural fluoride content of plants derived from soil varies between 0.25 and 2.0 mg% (2.5 to 20 ppm). It is independent of the F content in the soil. If soluble F compounds are added to soil at the order of magnitude of more than 15mg%, F uptake in the plant increases. The uptake is dependent on the type of soil. In F polluted areas the F content of plants is markedly increased mainly through uptake by leaves and other supraterranian parts (stalks, bark). Damage to fruit through F emissions has been described and there may be extensive reduction in productivity. Damage by F compounds to chromosomes of plants has recently been described.
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):34-36Factors determining the sensitivity to HF in plants
F Spierings
Institute of Phytopathological Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Conclusion.
1. The most susceptible tulip variety contains the smallest amount of F in the injured tissues as indicated by fumigation experiments with about the lowest concentration of HF (4.2ppb) that produces injury.
2. The toxic action of HF is determined by migration to and accumulation of F in special parts of the plants (in particular the leaf tips).
3. During long-term exposure of leaves to extremely low atmospheric HF concentrations, HF is taken up through the leaf surface and subsequently igrates to the leaf tips, where it accumulates.
The above three factors may determine the extreme sensitivity to HF of certain varieties of susceptible plant species.
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):37Tolerance of several plants to fluoride containing effluents
E Moser
Aluminum Plant Rheinfelden, Germany
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):38-40The effect of fluoride upon plants
J Navara and A Holub
Institute for Horticultural Biology of the Slovakian Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):41-49The effect of fluoride emissions near a hydrogen fluoride factory
G Rosenberger and HD Grunder
Clinic for Cattle Diseases of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
Summary. During a 3 1/2 year experiment, 12 cows aged 3/4 to 9 years, were placed on a farm near an HF producing factory. F uptake from food, drinking water and air, as well as F levels in urine and in bones were studied. The animals' state of health and their productivity were observed. F levels in forage showed wide variations, depending upon the season and the distance of the pasures from the factory. F intake through consumption of F containing air and water was less significant.
Monthly F uptake by the cows varied between 1.0 and 9.6 mg F/kg body-weight, with an average of 3.4 mg/kg during the 3 1/2 year experiment. Lacating cows and those in advanced pregnancy showed greater F retention.
All animals exhibited typical evidence of fluorosis in teeth and bones and disturbances in movements due to fissures and fractures of the metatarsal bones. Lactating cows showed a marked decline in nutrition during periods with their F uptake averaged 3.0 - 9.5 mg/kg.
There was no indication that F emission affected fertility or milk production, which reached as much as 20 liters a day. Calves from cows with chronic fluorosis showed no evidence of damage although the F content of their bones was high.
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):49Experiments with fluorine alleviators
JL Flatla, Fr. Ender and M. Aas Hansen
Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Biochemistry, The Veterinary College of Norway, Oslo.
Fluoride 1968; 1(1):50-53Fluorosis in cattle in England and Wales: incidence and sources
Ruth Allcroft and KN Burns
Weybridge, England
Fluoride 1968; 1(2):56-64Periostitis deformans due to wine fluorosis
M Soriano
Chairman, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Summary. On the basis of 29 cases observed during 1948 to 1968, the author reports a disease termed periostitis deformans which was caused in alcoholics by sodium fluoride added to wine in concentrations in the order of 8 to 72 ppm. Four different phases of the disease are described which are associated with osteosclerosis and osteoporosis. They lead to marked disability and may terminate fatality.
Fluoride 1968; 1(2):65-75An epidemiological, clinical and biochemical study of endemic, dental and skeletal fluorosis in Punjab
SS Jolly
Goverment Medical College, Patiala, India
Introduction. Since 1958 the Deparment of Medicine, Patiala, has been actively engaged in epidemiological, clinical and biochemical studies of endemic fluorosis in Punjab, one of the most highly endemic areas in the world. Extensive data on dental, skeletal and neurological aspects of fluorosis have been fully reported in our earlier studies (1-5). The object of the present communication is to evaluate the role of various factors associated with F toxicity. Even where F levels in the water are identical, variations in the incidence of F intoxication clearly point to the existence of causative factors in addition to fluoride.
Fluoride 1968; 1(2):76-85Skeletal fluorosis in Nalgonda District, A.P., India
AH Siddiqui
Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, India
Summary. Details of investigation of 53 adults with neurological manifestations of skeletal fluorosis are described. In addition to the radiological features described by others we noted serum alkaline phosphatase was consistently high. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels were within normal limits. The mean urinary fluoride was 5.2 ppm. In one of the patients excretion of previously stored fluoride continued in the urine at a high level 10 years after the subject had left the endemic area.
Balance studies showed a significant increase in calcium retention in cases of skeletal fluorosis. The limitations of short-term balance studies are emphasized. Factors responsible for early skeletal changes in one of the villages are discussed.
Fluoride 1968; 1(2):86-94Endemic fluorosis in the Sahara
A Pinet and F Pinet
Hopital de l'Antiguaille, Lyon, France
Summary. In a fluorosis belt in the Eastern region of the Sahara, where drinking water contains between 1.5 and 4.0 ppm of fluoride and constitutes the predominant source of ingested fluoride, the authors report 148 cases of skeletal fluorosis.
Unlike in India, the authors encountered only one case of paraplegia associated with osteosclerosis. Only two individuals showed signs of increased craial density. Calcification of the interosseous membrane was an early sign of the disease. Serum Phosphates were consistently elevated. There was no correlation between bone fluoride content and radiologically detectable increases indensity. No significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase was noted. Urinary fluoride ranged from 0.5 to 12 ppm.
Clinical and radiological findings were not solely dependent on F concentration of water. Thus, the "toxic" waters had a low Mg/Ca ratio, were low in alkaline components and high in sulfate. The reverse pattern was observed in non-toxic drinking water.
Fluoride 1968; 1(2):94-102Hydrofluorosis in the U.S.A.
GL Waldbott, M.D.
Summary. Skeletal fluorosis has been reported in the U.S.A. where water contains fluoride in concentrations from 1.0 to 9.2 ppm. In two fatal cases with fluoride osteosclerosis who died of terminal septicemia and pneumonia, respectively, water consumed during their lifetime contained 1.2 to 5.7 ppm fluoride.
Two cases of chronic fluoride intoxication are reported prior to the development of skeletal changes. As described in previous publications, the nonskeletal manifestations involve mainly the neuromuscular system, the gastro-intestinal and urinary tracts. In one case the diagnosis was supported by a double-blind test; in the other, the function of an ectopic kidney, which had ceased to eliminate indigo carmine, was promptly restored and the patient's symptons subsided completely upon avoidance of fluoridated water.
Fluoride 1968; 1(2):103-109Four cases of acute silicofluoride intoxification. Clinical and pathological findings.
O Pribilla
Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Kiel, West Germany
Summary. Four cases of acute intoxification with hydrofluosilicic acid are presented. The principal pathology was noted in the heart, namely fibrous necrosis, dissolution of nuclei, fibrillolysis and interstitial edema. The pathology indicated that the cause of death was the action of the poison upon the heart muscle followed by cardial failure.
Fluoride 1968; 1(2):110-112Chemical-toxicological investigation of the fluorine content in human viscera
Markiewicz J, Strycharska K, Strycharska M, and Krakowie W
Jan-Sehn Institute of Forensic Reserach, Krakow, Poland
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1968; 29(1):10-18Toxicity of fluorine short-term inhalation.
Keplinger ML, Suissa LW.
(As cited in: Interaction Profile for Cyanide, fluoride, nitrate and uranium. Draft for public comment. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Atlanta, GA. 2002.)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5749812&dopt=AbstractToxicol Appl Pharmacol 1968 Sep;13(2):189-98
Studies of the biochemical lesions caused by a new fluorine pesticide, n-methyl-n-(1-naphthyl)monofluoroacetamide.
Noguchi T, Hashimoto Y, Miyata H.
PMID: 5749812 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Nutr 1968 May;95(1):95-101
Zirconium, niobium, antimony and fluorine in mice: effects on growth, survival and tissue levels.
Schroeder HA, Mitchener M, Balassa JJ, Kanisawa M, Nason AP.
PMID: 5653281 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Life Sci 1968 Aug 15;7(16):847-54
Effect of fluoroacetate poisoning on the glycogen content of rat heart and skeletal muscle.
Godoy HM, Gignoli EV, Castro JA.
PMID: 4233711 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5665448&dopt=AbstractCan J Biochem 1968 Jul;46(7):707-14
Isolation and properties of a fluoride-sensitive tributyrinase from adipose tissue.
Lech JJ, Calvert DN.
PMID: 5665448 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Atmospheric Environment 1968; 2:187-90
The accumulation of fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate in forage crops collected near a phosphate plant
Lovelace J, Miller GW, Welkie GW
Utah State University, Logan, Utah
Review in Fluoride 1969; 2(1):72 -- The authors present evidence that vegetation near a phosphate plant contains fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate. They collected samples of forage from a pasture within two miles of the plant. Horses grazing in this area showed severe fluoride damage. The plants themselves, Medicago sativa and Agropyron cristatum Gaerth, displayed no visible injuries. The amount of fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate in these plants was 179 ug and 896 ug per g leaf, respectively. In control plants from unexposed areas no detectable organic fluoride was found. Paper chromatography indicated that the material, which was believed to be fluorocitrate, inhibied aconitase. At 20 ug, this inhibition amounted to 20%; at 40 ug, 38%.
The authors concluded that fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate could induce ill-effect in animals greater than that due to inorganic fluoride. The blood of horses grazing in the polluted area contained higher cirate levels than the blood of the controls.
Inaugural Dissertation, Medical Faculty, Wurzburg, 1968
Resorption and retention of fluoride present in mineral waters and soft drinks in humans and experimental rats
K Rub (Bukarest, Romania)
Gigiena i Sanitariya 1968; 33:94-96
Effect of emissions from an aluminum plant on children's health
Kvartovkina LK, Kazanskaya RM, Kantemirova AE, Kryukov AS, Kuleva NP, Meerson EA, Tarannikova OI
Volgograd Institute of Medicine, USSR
1930 (March). J. of Indust. Hygiene and Toxicology 19:126-137
The fog disaster in the Meuse Valley, 1930. A fluorine intoxification.
Kaj Roholm
- Article reprinted in Fluoride 1969; 2(1):62-70.
Summary that appears in Fluoride.
Roholm concludes that the Meuse Valley disaster which caused illness in several thousand persons and death in 60, was due to acute fluoride intoxication. Of 27 factories in the area, 15 either used F containing raw products or added F compounds to the raw materials. They emitted SiF4 and HF. Climatic and topographic conditions played an important role.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4296057&dopt=AbstractBiochim Biophys Acta 1968 Jan 3;150(1):162-4
Irreversible inactivation of (Na+-K+)-dependent ATPase and K+-dependent phosphatase by fluoride.
Yoshida H, Nagai K, Kamei M, Nakagawa Y.
PMID: 4296057 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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