Adverse Effects
Flurprimidol
CAS No.
56425-91-3
 
 

Return to Flurprimidol Index Page

Activity: Plant growth regulator (pyrimidine)
Structure:


Adverse Effects:
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Cholesterol
Endocrine: Adrenal
Endocrine: Ovary (inc. estrous)
Kidney
Liver
Urinary Tract
Environmental

• No updated toxicological information available since 1989. However, Eli Lilly & Co. submitted the results of numerous animal studies to US EPA in 1992, but the results have not been made public - see studies.

Body Weight Decrease (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- A rat teratology study using doses of 0, 2.5, 10, 45 or 200 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol had a maternal toxicity NOEL of 10 mg/kg/day and a LEL of 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased body weight gain and food consumption. The developmental NOEL was 10 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased fetal weight, increased incidence of hydronephrosis, hydroureter and numerous developmental skeletal anomalies.
-- Reproduction Study A 2 generation reproduction study in the rat treated with (time weighted average) 0, 1.8, 7.3, and 74 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol had a Parental Systemic Toxicity NOEL of 1.8 mg/kg/day and a LEL of 7.3 mg/kg/day based on increased incidence of non-neoplastic hepatocellular alterations including fatty change and vacuolation (males) and increased susceptibility to stress factors. The Reproductive NOEL was 7.3 mg/kg/ and the LEL was 74 mg/kg/day based on decreased mating, fertility, fetal survival (stillbirths), neonatal survival and neonatal body weight in both sexes and in both generations. There was an increased incidence of persistent vaginal estrous and no corpora lutea. Additional parental signs of toxicity at 74 mg/kg/day included increased susceptibility to stress (pregnant females) resulting in death, increased relative liver weight (males and females), depressed body weight, weight gain and food consumption (males and females).
Ref: US EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet for Flurprimidol. February 22, 1989.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

Bone (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

A rat teratology study using doses of 0, 2.5, 10, 45 or 200 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol had a maternal toxicity NOEL of 10 mg/kg/day and a LEL of 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased body weight gain and food consumption. The developmental NOEL was 10 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased fetal weight, increased incidence of hydronephrosis, hydroureter and numerous developmental skeletal anomalies.
Ref: US EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet. February 22, 1989.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

Cholesterol (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Chronic Studies. Rodent Feeding Studies. A 2-year study in rats treated with either 0, 1.0, 3.6, 12.1 and 41.2 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol technical for males and 0, 1.2, 4.4, 14.5, and 49.3 mg/kg/day for females the NOEL was 3.6 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 12.1 mg/kg/day based upon hepatocellular changes in males including enzyme induction, fatty change, hepatocellular eosinophilic change and focal atypia. At 41.2 mg/kg/day there was also a transient body weight and weight gain decrease (males), increased cholesterol and triglycerides (males and females) increased hepatic enzyme induction and liver weight, fatty change and hepatocellular eosinophilic change (females). No oncogenic potential was observed at any dose level.
Ref: EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet Name: Flurprimidol.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

Endocrine: Adrenal (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- A l-year dog study treated with flurprimidol at doses of 0, 0.5, 1.5, 7.0 and 30.0 mg/kg/day, the NOEl was 7.0 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 30.0 mg/kg/day Highest Dose Tested (HDT) based on adrenal changes including decreased plasma cortisol response to ACTH stimulation (males and degenerative changes of the adrenal cortex (males and females). The histopathology was limited to the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex and was characterized by eosinophilic degeneration, vacuolation and cortical atrophy. There was a slight increase in hepatic p-nitroanisole 0-demethylase activity (males).
Ref: EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet for Flurprimidol. Reason for Issuance: New Chemical Registration. Date Issued: FEB 22 1989. Fact Sheet Number: 202.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

Endocrine: Ovary (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Subchronic Studies. A 90-day feeding study in rats treated to 0, 1.68, 6.04, 20.39, 68.34 mg/kg/day (males) and 0, 1.98, 7.13, 24.37, 78.47 mg/kg/day (females) of flurprimidol. The systemic No-Observable- Effect-Level (NOEL) was 1.68 mg/kg/day and the Lowest-Effect- Level (LEL) was 6.04 mg/kg/day based on increased hepatic enzyme induction in males (significant and dose increases in p- nitroanisol O-demthylase activity). At 24.37 mg/kg/day there was increased relative and absolute ovarian (female) and relative liver (male) weight. At 68.34 mg/kg/day, there was increased absolute liver weight (males).
Ref: EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet for Flurprimidol. Reason for Issuance: New Chemical Registration. Date Issued: FEB 22 1989. Fact Sheet Number: 202.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

-- Reproduction Study A 2 generation reproduction study in the rat treated with (time weighted average) 0, 1.8, 7.3, and 74 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol had a Parental Systemic Toxicity NOEL of 1.8 mg/kg/day and a LEL of 7.3 mg/kg/day based on increased incidence of non-neoplastic hepatocellular alterations including fatty change and vacuolation (males) and increased susceptibility to stress factors. The Reproductive NOEL was 7.3 mg/kg/ and the LEL was 74 mg/kg/day based on decreased mating, fertility, fetal survival (stillbirths), neonatal survival and neonatal body weight in both sexes and in both generations. There was an increased incidence of persistent vaginal estrous and no corpora lutea. Additional parental signs of toxicity at 74 mg/kg/day included increased susceptibility to stress (pregnant females) resulting in death, increased relative liver weight (males and females), depressed body weight, weight gain and food consumption (males and females)...
Ref: EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet for Flurprimidol. Reason for Issuance: New Chemical Registration. Date Issued: FEB 22 1989. Fact Sheet Number: 202.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

Kidney (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

A rat teratology study using doses of 0, 2.5, 10, 45 or 200 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol had a maternal toxicity NOEL of 10 mg/kg/day and a LEL of 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased body weight gain and food consumption. The developmental NOEL was 10 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased fetal weight, increased incidence of hydronephrosis, hydroureter and numerous developmental skeletal anomalies.
Ref: US EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet. February 22, 1989.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm
Hydronephrosis: Pathological chronic enlargement of the collecting channels of a kidney, leading to compression and eventual destruction of kidney tissue, and diminishing kidney functionning. http://www.hyperdictionary.com/medical/hydronephrosis

Liver (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Summary Science Statement:
-- Chronic feeding/oncogenicity studies were conducted in both the rat and mouse. Hepatocellular changes in the males including enzyme induction, fatty change, hepatocellular eosinophilic change and focal atypia were observed in the rat study. A core- supplementary mouse study showed increased absolute and relative liver weight in females. Although both the rat and mouse study are core-supplementary for oncogenicity due to inadequate dose selection, they both satisfy the requirement for oncogenicity testing in one species for the requested non-food uses. No oncogenic potential was observed at any dose level in either of these two studies. New rat and mouse studies (which achieve the Maximum Tolerated Dose - MTD) will be required for any food use registrations.
-- The requirements for a 90-day feeding study have been satisfied. A subchronic oral rat study showed an increased hepatic enzyme induction in males (significant and dose increases in p-nitroanisol o-demethylase activity). The subchronic oral mouse study indicated an increased incidence of hepatocellular hypertrophy in the males.

-- The requirements for a 2 generation reproductive study have been satisfied. The Parental Systemic Toxicity in a 2 generation reproduction study showed increased incidence of non-neoplastic hepatocellular alteration including fatty change and vacuolation (males) and increased susceptibility to stress factors. Decreased mating, fertility, fetal survival (stillbirths), neonatal survival and neonatal body weight in both sexes and in both generations were observed at the Reproductive NOEL. other parental signs of toxicity included increased susceptibility to stress (pregnant females) resulting in death, increased relative liver weight (males and females), depressed body weight, weight gain and food consumption (males and females).
-- Subchronic Studies. A 90-day feeding study in rats treated to 0, 1.68, 6.04, 20.39, 68.34 mg/kg/day (males) and 0, 1.98, 7.13, 24.37, 78.47 mg/kg/day (females) of flurprimidol. The systemic No-Observable- Effect-Level (NOEL) was 1.68 mg/kg/day and the Lowest-Effect- Level (LEL) was 6.04 mg/kg/day based on increased hepatic enzyme induction in males (significant and dose increases in p- nitroanisol O-demthylase activity). At 24.37 mg/kg/day there was increased relative and absolute ovarian (female) and relative liver (male) weight. At 68.34 mg/kg/day, there was increased absolute liver weight (males).
-- A 90-day feeding study in the mouse, treated with 0, 15, 67.5 and 300 mg/kg/day of technical flurprimidol. The NOEL was 15 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 67.5 mg/kg/day based on increased incidence of hepatocellular hypertrophy in the males. At 300 mg/kg/day, there was evidence of enzyme induction, increased liver weight and hepatocellular hypertrophy in females.
-- Chronic Studies - Rodent Feeding Studies. A 2-year study in rats treated with either 0, 1.0, 3.6, 12.1 and 41.2 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol technical for males and 0, 1.2, 4.4, 14.5, and 49.3 mg/kg/day for females the NOEL was 3.6 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 12.1 mg/kg/day based upon hepatocellular changes in males including enzyme induction, fatty change, hepatocellular eosinophilic change and focal atypia. At 41.2 mg/kg/day there was also a transient body weight and weight gain decrease (males), increased cholesterol and triglycerides (males and females) increased hepatic enzyme induction and liver weight, fatty change and hepatocellular eosinophilic change (females). No oncogenic potential was observed at any dose level.
-- A 2-year core-supplementary study in mice treated with either 0, 1.4, 10.5 or 79.9 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol, the systemic NOEl was 1.4 mg/kg/day. The LEL was 10.5 mg/kg/day based on increased absolute and relative liver weight in the males. No oncogenic potential was observed at any dose level.
-- Reproduction Study, A 2 generation reproduction study in the rat treated with (time weighted average) 0, 1.8, 7.3, and 74 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol had a Parental Systemic Toxicity NOEL of 1.8 mg/kg/day and a LEL of 7.3 mg/kg/day based on increased incidence of non-neoplastic hepatocellular alterations including fatty change and vacuolation (males) and increased susceptibility to stress factors. The Reproductive NOEL was 7.3 mg/kg/ and the LEL was 74 mg/kg/day based on decreased mating, fertility, fetal survival (stillbirths), neonatal survival and neonatal body weight in both sexes and in both generations. There was an increased incidence of persistent vaginal estrous and no corpora lutea. Additional parental signs of toxicity at 74 mg/kg/day included increased susceptibility to stress (pregnant females) resulting in death, increased relative liver weight (males and females), depressed body weight, weight gain and food consumption (males and females).
Ref: EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet for Flurprimidol. Reason for Issuance: New Chemical Registration. Date Issued: FEB 22 1989. Fact Sheet Number: 202.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

Urinary Tract (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

A rat teratology study using doses of 0, 2.5, 10, 45 or 200 mg/kg/day of flurprimidol had a maternal toxicity NOEL of 10 mg/kg/day and a LEL of 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased body weight gain and food consumption. The developmental NOEL was 10 mg/kg/day and the LEL was 45 mg/kg/day based on decreased fetal weight, increased incidence of hydronephrosis, hydroureter and numerous developmental skeletal anomalies.
Ref: US EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet. February 22, 1989.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Flurprimidol.EPA.Facts.1989.htm

Environmental (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Potential Ground Water Contaminant
Ref: PAN
http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_ChemReg.jsp?Rec_Id=PC32838

 

 
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