Adverse Effects
Beta-cyfluthrin
CAS No. 68359-37-5

 
 

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Activity: Insecticide (pyrethroid)
Note:
CAS No. 68359-37-5 for cyfluthrin and beta-cyfluthrin is the same
Structure for Cyfluthrin:


Adverse Effects:
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
CNS
Eye
Lung
Environmental

Beta-cyfluthrin and cyfluthrin have the same toxicological profile. Beta-cyfluthrin has an approximately 2 to 5 times higher acute toxicity than cyfluthrin. The NOELs of subacute and subchronic studies are in the same range.
Ref: December 2002 - Beta-cyflutrin: Review report for the active substance beta-cyfluthrin Finalised in the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health at its meeting on 3 December 2002 in view of the inclusion of beta-cyfluthrin in Annex I of Directive 91/414/EEC. EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL

http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/cyfluthrin.beta.eu.dec.2002.pdf

Uses: Beta-cyfluthrin is an insecticide, acting as a contact and stomach poison. It combines a rapid knock-down effect with long lasting efficacy. It is not systemic in plants. It is used in agriculture, horticulture (field and protected crops) and viticulture. It is also used against migratory locusts and grassoppers and in public health and hygiene.
Ref: 1999 report on Beta-cyfluthrin. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/FAOINFO/AGRICULT/AGP/AGPP/Pesticid/Specs/pdf/Beta_cyf.pdf


2004-2006 - US EPA CHEERS study in Jacksonville, Duval County, Florida.
This 2-year study of children's exposure to selected pesticides and chemicals has ignited enormous controversy. Cyfluthrin
(I, II, III, IV, total) was one of 16 pesticides selected to be monitored in children (ages 0-3 years). See FAN's updates on this study. Also, 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid, (CAS No. 77279-89-1), a metabolite of Cyfluthrin, will be analyzed in biological media. It's molecular structure is

[Note: the CDC's "Third National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals," expected to be released sometime in 2005, includes 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid in its list of chemicals.]

•• Abstract on 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid:

Toxicology Letters Volume 134, Issues 1-3 , 5 August 2002, Pages 141-145

Pyrethroid exposure of the general population—is this due to diet
Thomas Schettgen (a), Ursel Heudorf (b), Hans Drexler (a) and Jürgen Angerer (a)

(a) Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schillerstraße 25/29, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany
(b) Public Health Department of the City of Frankfurt am Main, Braubachstr. 18–22, D-60311, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Received 21 September 2001;  accepted 20 February 2002.  Available online 13 September 2002.

Inhabitants (1177) of a residential area in Frankfurt/Main have been investigated with respect to internal exposure to pyrethroids. Biological monitoring revealed a body burden of pyrethroids. The 95th‰ for the urinary metabolites of pyrethroids, such as permethrin and cypermethrin, cis and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (cis-DCCA and trans-DCCA), was determined to be 0.5 and 1.4 g/l, respectively. 95th‰ for cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (DBCA), a specific metabolite of deltamethrin, and 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (F-PBA), a metabolite of cyfluthrin, were 0.3 and 0.27 g/l, respectively. The metabolic pattern found for these samples points out that pyrethroids are probably ingested orally with daily diet.

Note: most toxicological studies have been performed with Cyfluthrin.
The information below pertains to studies conducted with beta-cyfluthrin.

Body Weight Decrease (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Beta-cyfluthrin (99.7% active ingredient (a.i.)). 90-Day oral toxicity-- NOAEL = 9.5/10.9 male/female (M/F) rats LOAEL = 37.0/43.0 (M/F) based on gait abnormalities, necrosis in head and neck region, mortality (2), decreased body weight gain.
-- Beta-cyfluthrin (97.9% a.i.). 4-Week inhalation study--rat. subacute NOAEL = 0.00026 mg/L (0.07 mg/kg/day) LOAEL = 0.0027 mg/L (0.73 mg/kg/day) based on decreased body weights, 9 urine pH in males
-- Beta-cyfluthrin (96.5- 97.3%). Prenatal developmental toxicity study--rats. Maternal NOAEL = 3 Developmental NOAEL = 10 Maternal LOAEL = 10 based on reduced body weight gain and reduced food consumption with post-treatment recovery. Developmental LOAEL = 40 based on reduced fetal body weights and increased skeletal variations.

Ref: Federal Register. September 27, 2002. Cyfluthrin; Pesticide Tolerance. Final Rule.

http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Cyfluthrin.FR.Sept.27.2002.htm

Bone (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Beta-cyfluthrin (96.5- 97.3%). Prenatal developmental toxicity study--rats. Maternal NOAEL = 3 Developmental NOAEL = 10 Maternal LOAEL = 10 based on reduced body weight gain and reduced food consumption with post-treatment recovery. Developmental LOAEL = 40 based on reduced fetal body weights and increased skeletal variations.
Ref: Federal Register. September 27, 2002. Cyfluthrin; Pesticide Tolerance. Final Rule.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Cyfluthrin.FR.Sept.27.2002.htm

CNS (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Short term toxicity. Target / critical effect: CNS / General behavioural disturbances; axonal degeneration. Lowest relevant oral NOAEL / NOEL: 90-d dog: 60 ppm (1.5 mg/kg bw/d. ) Lowest relevant dermal NOAEL / NOEL: 3-wk rabbit: 340 mg/kg bw/d * Lowest relevant inhalation NOAEL / NOEL: 3-mo rat: 0.09 µg/l (0.0243 mg/kg bw/d)*
-- Neurotoxicity / Delayed neurotoxicity. Critical effects: Clinical signs indicative of a neurological disorder and a reversible axonal degeneration. No evidence of delayed neurotoxicity in hens. NOAEL (acute oral neurotoxicity, rat) 2 mg/kg bw/d (aqueous vehicle) NOAEL (90-d oral neurotoxicity, rat) 30 ppm (2 mg/kg bw/d)
Ref: December 2002 - Beta-cyflutrin: Review report for the active substance beta-cyfluthrin Finalised in the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health at its meeting on 3 December 2002 in view of the inclusion of beta-cyfluthrin in Annex I of Directive 91/414/EEC. EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL Directorate E Ü Food Safety: plant health, animal health and welfare, international questions E1 - Plant health.

http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/cyfluthrin.beta.eu.dec.2002.pdf

Eye (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Beta-cyfluthrin. 28-Day dog feeding study. NOAEL = 2.0 (both sexes) LOAEL = 8.0 based on impaired movement and conjunctival irritation.
Ref: Federal Register. September 27, 2002. Cyfluthrin; Pesticide Tolerance. Final Rule.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Cyfluthrin.FR.Sept.27.2002.htm

Lung (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

-- Beta-cyfluthrin (98% a.i.). 5-Day range-finding NOAEL = 0.00025 mg/L (0.07 mg/kg/day) inhalation study--rat LOAEL = 0.0038 mg/L (1.03 mg/kg/day) based on unpreened hair coat, piloerection, hepatoid foci in lungs.
Ref: Federal Register. September 27, 2002. Cyfluthrin; Pesticide Tolerance. Final Rule.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Cyfluthrin.FR.Sept.27.2002.htm

Environmental (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

Acute and chronic toxicity studies show that the technical material and formulations of beta-cyfluthrin are highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates and moderately toxic to algae. It is classified as presenting a high risk to honey bees and other arthropod species.
Ref: 1999. FAO Specifications and Evaluations for Plant Protection Products. Beta-Cyfluthrin (1RS, 3RS; 1RS, 3SR)-3-(2,2-dichloro-vinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-carboxylic acid (RS)-cyano
-(4-fluoro-3-phenoxy-phenyl)-methyl ester. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations.

http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/FAOINFO/AGRICULT/AGP/AGPP/Pesticid/Specs/pdf/Beta_cyf.pdf

Definition of arthropod:  Includes arachnids (spiders, mites) insects (bee, ant, moth) and crustaceans (shrimp, crab), as a group under Phylum Arthropoda, all invertebrates (no vertebral column), having segmented bodies and hollow, jointed legs.

Honeybees. Acute oral toxicity: LD50 ~ 0.05 µg/bee Acute contact toxicity: LD50 ~ 0.001 µg/bee
-- Aquatic Organisms.
Acute toxicity fish
:
-- LC50 = 0.068 µg/l (Oncorhynchus mykiss; 96 h);
-- §-cyfluthrin LC50 = 0.28 µg/l (Lepomis macrochirus; 96 h); §-cyfluthrin
Long term toxicity fish:
-- NOEC = 0.01 µg/l (Oncorhynchus mykiss; 58 d; cyfluthrin)
-- NOEC = 0.14 µg/l (Pimephales promelas; 307 d; cyfluthrin)

Ref: December 2002 - Beta-cyflutrin: Review report for the active substance beta-cyfluthrin Finalised in the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health at its meeting on 3 December 2002 in view of the inclusion of beta-cyfluthrin in Annex I of Directive 91/414/EEC. EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL Directorate E Ü Food Safety: plant health, animal health and welfare, international questions E1 - Plant health.
http://www.fluorideaction.org/pesticides/cyfluthrin.beta.eu.dec.2002.pdf

 
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