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Activity: Acaracide, Insecticide, Wood Preservative (pyrethroid)
Structure:

Adverse Effects
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Endocrine: Thymus
Spleen

-- Main effects observed in subchronic toxicity studies through chronic toxicity studies were the decrease of body weight gain and food consumption,
-- Subchronic Toxicity Studies: Group of 20 male and 20 female CD (SD) rats were fed diet containing 0, 30, 100 or 300 ppm of acrinathrin for 90 days.... Overall, the mortality was not marked, except in the 300 ppm group where deaths recorded in females could be treatment related and/or due to malnutrition. A body weight decrease and a reduction in food consumption each related to the concentration were observed in both sexes of the 100 and 300 ppm groups.
-- 52 Week Oral Study in Dogs Group of 6 male and 6 female Beagle dogs were dosed by oral route, in gelatin capsules for 52 weeks at the levels of 0, l, 3 and l0 mg/kg/day. Control animals received empty capsules only. Slight to moderate, soft or liquid diarrhea were observed sporadically throughout the study in the treated animals. A loss of weight was observed until week 3 or 4 in both sexes treated at 10 mg/kg/day and the mean body weight of the males of this group remained inferior to that of the other males thereafter (with a statistical significance for weeks 5 to 35 and 43 to 46), while it was similar to that of the other groups in the females. The food consumption of the animals was not influenced by the treatment... Based on the transient body weight loss observed until weeks 3-4, then a body weight retardation throughout the study for the males only, at 10 mg/kg/day, the NOAEL in this 52 week study is considered to be 3 mg/kg/day.
-- Rat Teratology Study Acrinathrin suspended in corn oil was administered at the dose levels of 0, 2, 6 and 18 mg/kg/day to groups of 25 mated females in SD rats from days 6 to 15 of pregnancy. On day 20 of pregnancy, females were sacrificed and fetuses were removed by caesarean section... Maternal findings: At 6 mg/kg/day or more, the body weight gain of the females had stopped or decreased between days 9 and 15. At 18 mg/kg/day, piloerection were observed in high frequency and three females were found dead. At this highest dose level, the body weight still remained lower through days 20, and furthermore the decrease in the rate of live fetuses and the increase in the rate of fetal loss were noted. Litter findings: At 18mg/kg/day, the mean body weight of fetuses was decreased. The incidence of minor skeletal abnormalities was increased at the highest dose level [18 mg/kg/day] but these abnormalities were essentially represented by a delay in the ossification process. The rate of fetuses affected with external, skeletal or visceral abnormalities was comparable between the control and the 2 and 6 mg/ kg/day groups. In conclusion, the dose of 2 mg/kg/day was considered to be the NOEL in terms of maternal toxicity. The dose of 6 mg/kg/day was considered as the NOEL in terms of embryofetal development. Acrinathrin revealed no evidence of teratogenicity even at the highest dose level of 18 mg/kg/day.
-- Rabbit Teratology Study. Acrinathrin suspended in corn oil was administered at the dose levels of 0, 15, 45 and 135 mg/kg/day to groups of 16 mated females in New Zealand White rabbits from days 6 to 18 of pregnancy. On day 28 of pregnancy, females were sacrificed and fetuses were removed by caesarean section. Litter values were determined and fetuses were subsequently examined for external, visceral and skeletal abnormalities. The following findings were observed: Maternal findings: At 45 mg/kg/day or more, a transient decrease in body weight gain from days 5 to 12 was observed slightly. At 135 mg/kg/day, the rate of live fetuses was lower and the rate of fetal losses was higher. On general symptoms, reduced food consumption and anorexia were observed animals ofthe highest dose level.
Ref: Summary of Toxicological Studies on Acrinathrin Market Development, AgrEvo Japan Limited (Received January 26, 1998 ; Accepted March 20, 1998).
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Acrinathrin.Tox.Studys.1998.pdf

Bone (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES 1. Rats Study by Dietary Repeat Dose for 90 Days Followed by a 28-Day Recovery Period Group of 20 male and 20 female CD (SD) rats were fed diet containing 0, 30, 100 or 300 ppm of acrinathrin for 90 days... Other microscopic findings observed were lymphoid deletion in the spleen and thymus in 5 females of the 300 ppm group and medullar atrophy in 2 females of the 300 ppm group... The No Observed Effect Level (NOEL) for this study was considered to be 30 ppm (male: 2.4 mg/kg/day; female: 3.1 mg/kg/day) (Centre International de Toxicologie, 1988).
-- Rat Teratology Study Acrinathrin suspended in corn oil was administered at the dose levels of 0, 2, 6 and 18 mg/kg/day to groups of 25 mated females in SD rats from days 6 to 15 of pregnancy. On day 20 of pregnancy, females were sacrificed and fetuses were removed by caesarean section... Maternal findings:.. The incidence of minor skeletal abnormalities was increased at the highest dose level [18 mg/kg/day] but these abnormalities were essentially represented by a delay in the ossification process. The rate of fetuses affected with external, skeletal or visceral abnormalities was comparable between the control and the 2 and 6 mg/ kg/day groups. In conclusion, the dose of 2 mg/kg/day was considered to be the NOEL in terms of maternal toxicity. The dose of 6 mg/kg/day was considered as the NOEL in terms of embryofetal development. Acrinathrin revealed no evidence of teratogenicity even at the highest dose level of 18 mg/kg/day.
Ref: Summary of Toxicological Studies on Acrinathrin Market Development, AgrEvo Japan Limited (Received January 26, 1998 ; Accepted March 20, 1998).
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Acrinathrin.Tox.Studys.1998.pdf

Endocrine: Thymus (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES 1. Rats Study by Dietary Repeat Dose for 90 Days Followed by a 28-Day Recovery Period Group of 20 male and 20 female CD (SD) rats were fed diet containing 0, 30, 100 or 300 ppm of acrinathrin for 90 days... Other microscopic findings observed were lymphoid deletion in the spleen and thymus in 5 females of the 300 ppm group and medullar [marrow] atrophy in 2 females of the 300 ppm group... The No Observed Effect Level (NOEL) for this study was considered to be 30 ppm (male: 2.4 mg/kg/day; female: 3.1 mg/kg/day) (Centre International de Toxicologie, 1988).
Ref: Summary of Toxicological Studies on Acrinathrin Market Development, AgrEvo Japan Limited (Received January 26, 1998 ; Accepted March 20, 1998).
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Acrinathrin.Tox.Studys.1998.pdf

Spleen (click on for all fluorinated pesticides)

SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES 1. Rats Study by Dietary Repeat Dose for 90 Days Followed by a 28-Day Recovery Period Group of 20 male and 20 female CD (SD) rats were fed diet containing 0, 30, 100 or 300 ppm of acrinathrin for 90 days... Other microscopic findings observed were lymphoid deletion in the spleen and thymus in 5 females of the 300 ppm group and medullar [marrow] atrophy in 2 females of the 300 ppm group... The No Observed Effect Level (NOEL) for this study was considered to be 30 ppm (male: 2.4 mg/kg/day; female: 3.1 mg/kg/day) (Centre International de Toxicologie, 1988).
Ref: Summary of Toxicological Studies on Acrinathrin Market Development, AgrEvo Japan Limited (Received January 26, 1998 ; Accepted March 20, 1998).
http://www.fluoridealert.org/pesticides/Acrinathrin.Tox.Studys.1998.pdf