HEALTH EFFECTS: Variable Length of Exposure Producing Fluorosis
Varying Individual Sensitivites to Fluoride - Variable Length of Exposure Producing Fluorosis Among Workers in Same Workplace
"Individual differences in sensitivity to noxious fluoride seems to be important... [I]t is quite possible to be an aluminum smelter worker for 30 years or longer without showing fluoride-caused bone changes, whereas others develop symptoms of fluorosis after only 10 years;the varying effect of fluoride has been demonstrated by therapy tests for osteoporosis."
SOURCE: Runge H, Franke J. (1989). Radiological modifications of the skeletal system among aluminum smelter workers: A 15 year retrospective study. Fluoride 22: 157-164.
"Cases of the 1st phase were observed after 2 5/12 years work, of the 2nd phase after 4 10/12 years, of the 3rd phase after 11 2/12 years. On the other hand the changes were slight in a certain number of the workers, even after long employment...One female worker had no bone changes, though she had been employed for 24 years with one interruption."
SOURCE: Roholm K. (1937). Fluoride intoxication: a clinical-hygienic study with a review of the literature and some experimental investigations. London: H.K. Lewis Ltd.
"As regards the bone changes... they were pronounced in one male worker who had only been in the factory 5 years, and rather severe also in two female workers who had only been there 6 years."
SOURCE: Moller P, Gudjonsson SV. (1932). Massive fluorosis of bones and ligaments. Acta Radiologica 12: 269-294
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Variations in Individual Susceptibility to Fluoride:
Duration of Exposure Producing Fluorosis
|
|
Study
|
Phase of
Skeletal Fluorosis
|
Average
Exposure
(years)
|
Shortest
Exposure
(years)
|
Longest
Exposure
(years)
|
|
Roholm 1937
|
No Changes
|
8
|
2.8
|
24
|
|
Roholm 1937
|
Clinical Phase 1
|
9.3
|
2.4
|
33.8
|
|
Roholm 1937
|
Clinical Phase 2
|
9.7
|
4.8
|
28.9
|
|
Roholm 1937
|
Clinical Phase 3
|
21.1
|
11.2
|
31.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Franke 1975
|
Vague Symptoms
|
10.71
|
2
|
25
|
|
Franke 1975
|
Stage O-I
|
12.15
|
5
|
33
|
|
Franke 1975
|
Clinical Phase 1
|
15.7
|
8
|
38
|
|
Franke 1975
|
Clinical Phase 2
|
17.6
|
11
|
21
|
|
Franke 1975
|
Clinical Phase 3
|
19.5
|
19
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Runge 1989
|
No Changes
|
19.9
|
5
|
35
|
|
Runge 1989
|
Vague Symptoms
|
19.2
|
10
|
37
|
|
Runge 1989
|
Stage O-I
|
22.6
|
10
|
30
|
|
Runge 1989
|
Clinical Phase 1
|
21.1
|
10
|
43
|
|
Runge 1989
|
Clinical Phase 1-2
|
21.1
|
10
|
33
|
|
Runge 1989
|
Clinical Phase 2
|
17.5
|
16
|
19
|
|
Runge 1989
|
Clinical Phase 2-3
|
21.3
|
15
|
26
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
SOURCE of DATA:
Roholm K. (1937). Fluoride intoxication: a clinical-hygienic study with a review of the literature and some experimental investigations. London: H.K. Lewis Ltd.
Franke J, et al. (1975). Industrial fluorosis. Fluoride 8: 61-83.
Runge H, Franke J. (1989). Radiological modifications of the skeletal system among aluminum smelter workers: A 15 year retrospective study. Fluoride 22: 157-164.
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